Hydroxyl anion
- Formula: HO-
- Molecular weight: 17.0079
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2/p-1
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- CAS Registry Number: 14280-30-9
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S°gas,1 bar | 41.221 | cal/mol*K | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in December, 1970 |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
+
= (
•
)
By formula: HO- + H2O = (HO- • H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 27.0 ± 0.9 | kcal/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 3 out of 7 values; Individual data points |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 28.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrS° | 21.8 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 20.8 | cal/mol*K | HPMS | Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrS° | 19.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( •
) +
= (
• 2
)
By formula: (HO- • H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 2H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 17.6 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 18. | kcal/mol | CID | Hierl and Paulson, 1984 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrH° | 17.9 | kcal/mol | HPMS | Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrH° | 16.4 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 23. | kcal/mol | CID | DePaz, Giardini, et al., 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 21.4 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 21.2 | cal/mol*K | HPMS | Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrS° | 19.3 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 3
) +
= (
• 4
)
By formula: (HO- • 3H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 4H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 12.0 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 14.2 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 21.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 29.5 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 5.6 | kcal/mol | FA | Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974 | gas phase; M |
( • 2
) +
= (
• 3
)
By formula: (HO- • 2H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 3H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 16.2 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 15.1 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 18. | kcal/mol | CID | DePaz, Giardini, et al., 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 24.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 24.8 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 4
) +
= (
• 5
)
By formula: (HO- • 4H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 5H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 11.5 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 14.1 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 24.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 33.2 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 7
) +
= (
• 8
)
By formula: (HO- • 7H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 8H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 9.8 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 24. | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kcal/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.9 | 245. | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 4294967295
) +
=
By formula: (HO- • 4294967295O) + O = HO-
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 127.44 | kcal/mol | N/A | Smith, Kim, et al., 1997 | gas phase; Given: 14741.02(3) cm-1. dHacid(0K) = 389.11±0.014; B |
| ΔrH° | 127.60 ± 0.20 | kcal/mol | Ther | Schulz, Mead, et al., 1982 | gas phase; Given: 1.82767±0.00021 eV; B |
( • 5
) +
= (
• 6
)
By formula: (HO- • 5H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 6H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 11.2 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 23.2 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 6
) +
= (
• 7
)
By formula: (HO- • 6H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 7H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 10.4 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 23.9 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: HO- + D2O = (HO- • D2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 26.8 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; OD-, D2O; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 22.2 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; OD-, D2O; M |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: HO- + H2 = (HO- • H2)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 7. | kcal/mol | CID | Paulson and Henchman, 1984 | gas phase; approximate value; M |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: HO- + CO2 = (HO- • CO2)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 88. | kcal/mol | CID | Hierl and Paulson, 1984 | gas phase; M |
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
+
= (
•
)
By formula: HO- + CO2 = (HO- • CO2)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 88. | kcal/mol | CID | Hierl and Paulson, 1984 | gas phase; M |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: HO- + D2O = (HO- • D2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 26.8 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; OD-, D2O; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 22.2 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; OD-, D2O; M |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: HO- + H2O = (HO- • H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 27.0 ± 0.9 | kcal/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 3 out of 7 values; Individual data points |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 28.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrS° | 21.8 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 20.8 | cal/mol*K | HPMS | Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrS° | 19.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( •
) +
= (
• 2
)
By formula: (HO- • H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 2H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 17.6 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 18. | kcal/mol | CID | Hierl and Paulson, 1984 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrH° | 17.9 | kcal/mol | HPMS | Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrH° | 16.4 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 23. | kcal/mol | CID | DePaz, Giardini, et al., 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 21.4 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 21.2 | cal/mol*K | HPMS | Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrS° | 19.3 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 2
) +
= (
• 3
)
By formula: (HO- • 2H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 3H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 16.2 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 15.1 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 18. | kcal/mol | CID | DePaz, Giardini, et al., 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 24.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 24.8 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 3
) +
= (
• 4
)
By formula: (HO- • 3H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 4H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 12.0 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 14.2 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 21.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 29.5 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 5.6 | kcal/mol | FA | Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974 | gas phase; M |
( • 4
) +
= (
• 5
)
By formula: (HO- • 4H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 5H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 11.5 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrH° | 14.1 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 24.1 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| ΔrS° | 33.2 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 5
) +
= (
• 6
)
By formula: (HO- • 5H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 6H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 11.2 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 23.2 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 6
) +
= (
• 7
)
By formula: (HO- • 6H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 7H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 10.4 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 23.9 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
( • 7
) +
= (
• 8
)
By formula: (HO- • 7H2O) + H2O = (HO- • 8H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 9.8 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 24. | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kcal/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.9 | 245. | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986 | gas phase; deuterated; M |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: HO- + H2 = (HO- • H2)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 7. | kcal/mol | CID | Paulson and Henchman, 1984 | gas phase; approximate value; M |
( • 4294967295
) +
=
By formula: (HO- • 4294967295O) + O = HO-
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 127.44 | kcal/mol | N/A | Smith, Kim, et al., 1997 | gas phase; Given: 14741.02(3) cm-1. dHacid(0K) = 389.11±0.014; B |
| ΔrH° | 127.60 ± 0.20 | kcal/mol | Ther | Schulz, Mead, et al., 1982 | gas phase; Given: 1.82767±0.00021 eV; B |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr.,
NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]
Paul and Kebarle, 1990
Paul, G.J.C.; Kebarle, P.,
Thermodynamics of the Association Reactions OH- - H2O = HOHOH- and CH3O- - CH3OH = CH3OHOCH3- in the Gas Phase,
J. Phys. Chem., 1990, 94, 12, 5184, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100375a076
. [all data]
Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Speller, C.V.,
The Filling of Solvent Shells in Cluster Ions: Thermochemical Criteria nd the Effects of Isomeric Clusters,
J. Phys. Chem., 1986, 90, 25, 6616, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100283a006
. [all data]
Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971
Payzant, J.D.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P.,
Hydration of CN-, NO2-, NO3-, and HO- in the gas phase,
Can. J. Chem., 1971, 49, 3308. [all data]
Arshadi and Kebarle, 1970
Arshadi, M.; Kebarle, P.,
Hydration of OH- and O2- in the Gas Phase. Comparative Solvation of OH- by Water and the Hydrogen Halides. Effect of Acidity,
J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1483, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a015
. [all data]
Hierl and Paulson, 1984
Hierl, P.M.; Paulson, J.F.,
Translational energy dependence of cross sections for reactions of OH- (H2O)n with CO2 and SO2,
J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 80, 4890. [all data]
DePaz, Giardini, et al., 1970
DePaz, M.; Giardini, A.G.; Friedman, L.,
Tandem-Mass-Spectrometer Study of Solvated Derivatives of OD-. Total Hydration Energy of the Proton,
J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 52, 2, 687, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1673041
. [all data]
Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974
Fehsenfeld, F.C.; Ferguson, E.E.,
Laboratory studies of negative ion reactions with atmospheric trace constituents,
J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 61, 3181. [all data]
Smith, Kim, et al., 1997
Smith, J.R.; Kim, J.B.; Lineberger, W.C.,
High-resolution Threshold Photodetachment Spectroscopy of OH-,
Phys. Rev. A, 1997, 55, 3, 2036, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.55.2036
. [all data]
Schulz, Mead, et al., 1982
Schulz, P.A.; Mead, R.D.; Jones, P.L.; Lineberger, W.C.,
OH- and OD- threshold photodetachment,
J. Chem. Phys., 1982, 77, 1153. [all data]
Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986
Meot-ner, M.; Sieck, L.W.,
Relative acidities of water and methanol, and the stabilities of the dimer adducts,
J. Phys. Chem., 1986, 90, 6687. [all data]
Paulson and Henchman, 1984
Paulson, J.F.; Henchman, M.J.,
NATO Advanced Study Institute, Ionic Processes in the Gas Phase, Series C, M. A. Almoster - Ferreira, ed(s)., Reidel, Boston, 1984, 331. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
S°gas,1 bar Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar) T Temperature ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
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