Pyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-
- Formula: C7H10N2
- Molecular weight: 122.1677
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RAFHQTNQEZECFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 13925-03-6
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 2-Ethyl-6-methylpyrazine; 2-Methyl-6-ethylpyrazine; 2,6-Methylethylpyrazine; Pyrazine, 6-ethyl-2-methyl
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Gas Chromatography
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-101 | 978. | Shibamoto, Kamiya, et al., 1981 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1363. | Yeo and Shibamoto, 1991 | He, 60. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1393. | Shimoda and Shibamoto, 1990 | He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 190. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1381. | Shibamoto, Kamiya, et al., 1981 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 991. | Mahadevan and Farmer, 2006 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | HP-5 | 997. | Siegmund and Murkovic, 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm, -30. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1016. | Bredie, Mottram, et al., 2002 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1008. | Ames, Guy, et al., 2001 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1008. | Ames, Guy, et al., 2001 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1015. | Ames, Guy, et al., 2001, 2 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1010. | Ames, Guy, et al., 2001, 2 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 976. | Kim, 2001 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 993. | Kim, 2001 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1006. | Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1019. | Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 2001 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | BP-5 | 997. | Whitfield and Mottram, 2001 | 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 1002. | Elmore, Mottram, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 981. | Wu, Wang, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, N2, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 30. C |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1008. | Hill, Isaacs, et al., 1999 | 50. m/0.325 mm/0.5 μm, He, 20. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1011. | Hill, Isaacs, et al., 1999 | 50. m/0.325 mm/0.5 μm, He, 20. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1007. | Ames, Defaye, et al., 1997 | 50. m/0.325 mm/0.5 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 969. | DeMilo, Lee, et al., 1996 | 30. m/0.248 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 970. | DeMilo, Lee, et al., 1996 | 30. m/0.248 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 970. | DeMilo, Lee, et al., 1996 | 30. m/0.248 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 969. | Lee, DeMilo, et al., 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 961. | Yu, Lin, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 60. min |
Capillary | HP-1 | 978. | Zhang, Dorjpalam, et al., 1992 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.5 μm, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 980. | Izzo and Ho, 1991 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | SE-30 | 981. | Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 1991 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 981. | Zhang and Ho, 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 986. | Moon, Cliff, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 3C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 260C(2min) |
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 1003. | Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min) |
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 1011. | Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min) |
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 1009. | Martin and Ames, 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 4C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 250C(15min) |
Capillary | CP-Sil8 | 1009. | Martin and Ames, 2001, 2 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 4C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 250C (15min) |
Capillary | CP-Sil 8CB-MS | 1003. | Elmore, Mottram, et al., 2000, 2 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C(5min) => 40C/min => 40C (2min) => 4C/min => 280C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1008. | Parker, Hassell, et al., 2000 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: oC(5min) => 60C/min => 60C (5min) => 4C/min => 250C |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1009. | Bredie, Mottram, et al., 1998 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: OC (5min) => 60C/min => 60C(5min) => 4C/min => 250C |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1012. | Owens J.D., Allagheny N., et al., 1997 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: OC => 60C/min => 60C(5min) => 4C/min => 250C(20min) |
Capillary | DB-5 | 994. | Beal and Mottram, 1994 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: 5 0C (0.5 min) -> (1 min) 60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 250 0C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 982. | Kuo, Zhang, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -40C => 40C/min => 40C => 2C/min => 260C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 982. | Kuo, Zhang, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -40C => 40C/min => 40C => 2C/min => 260C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1385. | Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1395. | Lopez-Galilea I., Fournier N., et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1395. | Lopez-Galilea I., Fournier N., et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1371. | Mahadevan and Farmer, 2006 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1375. | Liu, Yang, et al., 2001 | H2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1386. | Chung, 1999 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min |
Capillary | PEG-20M | 1390. | Shimoda, Nakada, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1390. | Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1381. | Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C |
Capillary | CP-WAX 57CB | 1371. | Baltes and Mevissen, 1988 | He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.24 mm; Tend: 210. C |
Capillary | CP-WAX 57CB | 1386. | Salter L.J., Mottram D.S., et al., 1988 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | CP-WAX 57CB | 1386. | Whitfield, Mottram, et al., 1988 | He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | CP-WAX 57CB | 1387. | Whitfield, Mottram, et al., 1988 | He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1402. | Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1413. | Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1380. | Alasalvar, Shahidi, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 5C/min => 60C => 2.5C/min => 155C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1382. | Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min) |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1380. | Baek and Cadwallader, 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C => (6C/min) => 80C(6min) => (15C/min) => 200C(10min) |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1386. | Amrani-Hemaimi, Cerny, et al., 1995 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 6C/min => 150C => 30C/min => 240C(1min) |
Capillary | BP-20 | 1411. | Beal and Mottram, 1994 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 5 0C (0.5 min) -> (1 min) 60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 200 0C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 1001. | Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 70. C |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 970. | Du, Clery, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | HP-5 | 998. | Du, Clery, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 8.5 min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | SLB-5MS | 1014. | Risticevic, Carasek, et al., 2008 | 10. m/0.18 mm/0.18 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1.5 min, 10. K/min; Tend: 295. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 994. | Fadel, Mageed, et al., 2006 | He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | HP-5 | 1003.0 | Leffingwell and Alford, 2005 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min |
Capillary | MDN-5 | 1000. | van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 270. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 995. | Cadwallader and Heo, 2001 | 30. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 225. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 1006. | Welty, Marshall, et al., 2001 | He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 988. | Chen and Ho, 1999 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C |
Capillary | HP-5 | 997. | Boylston and Viniyard, 1998 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 45. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 988. | Chen and Ho, 1998 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 967. | Chen, Wang, et al., 1998 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 973. | Buttery, Ling, et al., 1997 | 30. C @ 25. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 977. | Lu, Yu, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 984. | Yu, Wu, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 60. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 959. | Ishihara, Tsuneya, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 960. | Ishihara, Tsuneya, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 969. | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 970. | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 971. | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 971. | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 977. | Mihara and Masuda, 1988 | 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 977. | Mihara and Masuda, 1987 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | OV-1 | 986. | Wu, Liou, et al., 1987 | Hydrogen, 1. K/min, 200. C @ 35. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1001. | Gallois and Grimont, 1985 | H2, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 977. | Mihara and Enomoto, 1985 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 969. | del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984 | He, 0. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tend: 225. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 991. | Yu and Zhang, 2010 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 260 0C 15 0C/min -> 280 0C (1 min) |
Capillary | RTX-5 MS | 1011. | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 300 0C |
Capillary | RTX-5 MS | 1003. | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | SLB-5MS | 1000. | Risticevic, Carasek, et al., 2008 | 10. m/0.18 mm/0.18 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 991. | Wan Aida, Ho, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 20 0C/min -> 80 0C (1 min) 20 0C -> 100 0C (1 min) 30 0C/min -> 230 0C (2 min) |
Capillary | HP-5 | 999. | Characterization of Pyrazines in Some Chinese Liquors and Their Approximate Concentrations, 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => 2C/min => 140C => 10C/min => 280C (10min) |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 992. | Ho, Wan Aida, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => 20C/min => 80C (1min) => 20C/min => 100C(1min) => 30C/min => 230C(3min) |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 973. | Counet, Ouwerx, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C(30min) |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 973. | Counet, Callemien, et al., 2002 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C=3C/min => 250C(30min) |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1010. | Didzbalis and Ho, 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (2 min) 30 0C/min -> 60 0C (1 min) 6 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min) |
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 1010. | Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-5 | 998. | Schieberle, 1996 | Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1362. | Puvipirom and Chaisei, 2012 | 15. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | FFAP | 1398. | Budryn, Nebesny, et al., 2011 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 45. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1408. | Moon and Shibamoto, 2009 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 70. min |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1372. | Du, Clery, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 6. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | ZB-Wax | 1420. | Marin, Pozrl, et al., 2008 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1375. | Characterization of Pyrazines in Some Chinese Liquors and Their Approximate Concentrations, 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | FFAP | 1398. | Nebesny, Budryn, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 320. C @ 45. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1375. | Fan and Qian, 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1357. | Fujioka and Shibamoto, 2006 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 90. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | TC-Wax | 1396. | Ishikawa, Ito, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 230. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1415. | Yanagimoto, Ochi, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | HP-Wax | 1411. | Andueza, Maeztu, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 199. C |
Capillary | HP-Wax | 1411. | Andueza, de Peña, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1392. | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | TC-Wax | 1383. | Fukami, Ishiyama, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C |
Capillary | HP-Wax | 1411. | Sanz, Maeztu, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1380. | Cadwallader and Heo, 2001 | 30. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 225. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | HP-Wax | 1411. | Maeztu, Sanz, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C |
Capillary | HP-Wax | 1411. | Sanz, Ansorena, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1380. | Buttery, Orts, et al., 1999 | 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 170. C @ 60. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1394. | Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999 | 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 210. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1380. | Buttery and Ling, 1998 | 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 170. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1399. | Chyau, Lin, et al., 1997 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 1.5 K/min, 210. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1382. | Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995 | He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1367. | Eiserich, Macku, et al., 1992 | He, 60. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1350. | Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1992 | He, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1364. | Pfannhauser, 1990 | 30, 30. C @ 10. min, 50. K/min; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1353. | Mihara and Masuda, 1988 | 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1381. | Wong and Bernhard, 1988 | He, 70. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 160. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1367. | Wu, Liou, et al., 1987 | Hydrogen, 1. K/min, 200. C @ 35. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1353. | Mihara and Enomoto, 1985 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1390. | Buttery, Ling, et al., 1983 | 50. C @ 30. min, 1. K/min, 170. C @ 60. min; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.64 mm |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1372. | Liardon and Ledermann, 1980 | H2, 2. K/min; Column length: 39. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1388. | Shibamoto and Russell, 1977 | 1. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1392. | Shibamoto and Russell, 1977 | 1. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-FFAP | 1364. | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 250 0C |
Capillary | DB-FFAP | 1381. | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1391. | Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 44 0C 3 0C/min -> 170 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1411. | Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1389. | Viegas and Bassoli, 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 60 0C (5 min) 8 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min) |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1388. | Viegas and Bassoli, 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1353. | Krings, Zelena, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 240C (10min) |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1353. | Mihara and Masuda, 1987 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
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Aroma volatiles generated during extrusion cooking of maize flour,
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Beal and Mottram, 1994
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Compounds contributing to the characteristic aroma of malted barley,
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Changes of volatiles in soy sauce-stewed pork during cold storage and reheating,
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Chung, 1999
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Volatile components in fermented soybean (Glycine max) curds,
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Shimoda, Nakada, et al., 1997
Shimoda, M.; Nakada, Y.; Nakashima, M.; Osajima, Y.,
Quantitative comparison of volatile flavor compounds in deep-roasted and light-roasted sesame seed oil,
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Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 1996
Shimoda, M.; Shiratsuchi, H.; Nakada, Y.; Wu, Y.; Osajima, Y.,
Identification and sensory characterization of volatile flavor compounds in sesame seed oil,
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Shimoda, M.; Shigematsu, H.; Shiratsuchi, H.; Osajima, Y.,
Comparison of the odor concentrates by SDE and adsorptive column method from green tea infusion,
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Baltes and Mevissen, 1988
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Model reactions on roast aroma formation. VI. Volatile reaction products from the reaction of phenylalanine with glucose during cooking and roasting,
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Salter L.J., Mottram D.S., et al., 1988
Salter L.J.; Mottram D.S.; Whitfield,
Volatile compounds produces in Maillard reactions involving glycine, ribose and phospholid,
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Whitfield, Mottram, et al., 1988
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Alasalvar, C.; Shahidi, F.; Cadwallader, K.R.,
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Cantergiani, E.; Brevard, H.; Krebs, Y.; Feria-Morales, A.; Amadò, R.; Yeretzian, C.,
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Baek and Cadwallader, 1996
Baek, H.H.; Cadwallader, K.R.,
Volatile compounds in flavor concentrates produced from crayfish-processing byproducts with and without protease treatment,
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Mechanisms of formation of alkylpyrazines in the Maillard reaction,
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Du, Z.; Clery, R.; Hammond, C.J.,
Volatile organic nitrogen-containing constituents in ambrette seed Abelmoschus moschatus Medik (Malvaceae),
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Risticevic, Carasek, et al., 2008
Risticevic, S.; Carasek, E.; Pawliszyn, J.,
Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatographic-time-of-flight mass spectrometric methodology for geographical origin verification of coffee,
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Fadel, Mageed, et al., 2006
Fadel, H.H.M.; Mageed, M.A.A.; Samad, A.K.M.E.A.; Lotfy, S.N.,
Cocoa substitute: Evaluation of sensory qualities and flavour stability,
Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2006, 223, 1, 125-131, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-005-0162-3
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Leffingwell and Alford, 2005
Leffingwell, J.C.; Alford, E.D.,
Volatile constituents of Perique tobacco,
Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 4, 2, 899-915. [all data]
van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005
van Loon, W.A.M.; Linssen, J.P.H.; Legger, A.; Posthumus, M.A.; Voragen, A.G.J.,
Identification and olfactometry of French fries flavour extracted at mouth conditions,
Food Chem., 2005, 90, 3, 417-425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.05.005
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Cadwallader and Heo, 2001
Cadwallader, K.R.; Heo, J.,
Aroma of roasted sesame oil: characterization by direct thermal desorption-gas chromatography-olfactometry and sample dilution analysis,
Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser., 2001, 782, 187-202. [all data]
Welty, Marshall, et al., 2001
Welty, W.M.; Marshall, R.T.; Grün, I.U.; Ellersieck, M.R.,
Effects of Milk Fat, Cocoa Butter, or Selected Fat Replacers on Flavor Volatiles of Chocolate Ice Cream,
J. Dairy Sci., 2001, 84, 1, 21-30, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74447-5
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Chen and Ho, 1999
Chen, J.; Ho, C.-T.,
Comparison of volatile generation in serine/threonine/glutamine-ribose/glucose/fructose model systems,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47, 2, 643-647, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980771a
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Boylston and Viniyard, 1998
Boylston, T.D.; Viniyard, B.T.,
Isolation of volatile flavor compounds from peanut butter using purge-and-trap technique
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Chen and Ho, 1998
Chen, J.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile compounds generated in serine-monosaccharide model systems,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 4, 1518-1522, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970934f
. [all data]
Chen, Wang, et al., 1998
Chen, J.; Wang, M.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile compounds generated from thermal degradation of N-acetylglucosamine,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 8, 3207-3209, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980129g
. [all data]
Buttery, Ling, et al., 1997
Buttery, R.G.; Ling, L.C.; Stern, D.J.,
Studies on popcorn aroma and flavor volatiles,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 3, 837-843, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9604807
. [all data]
Lu, Yu, et al., 1997
Lu, G.; Yu, T.-H.; Ho, C.-T.,
Generation of flavor compounds by the reaction of 2-deoxyglucose with selected amino acids,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 1, 233-236, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960609c
. [all data]
Yu, Wu, et al., 1994
Yu, T.-H.; Wu, C.-M.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile compounds generated from the thermal interaction of glucose and alliin or deoxyalliin in propylene glycol,
Food Chem., 1994, 51, 3, 281-286, https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(94)90028-0
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Gallois and Grimont, 1985
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Mihara, S.; Enomoto, N.,
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Changes in volatile compounds of palm sap (Arenga pinnata) during the heating process for production of palm sugar,
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Schieberle, P.,
Odour-active compounds in moderately roasted sesame,
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Moon, J.-K.; Shibamoto, T.,
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Fan and Qian, 2006
Fan, W.; Qian, M.C.,
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Fujioka and Shibamoto, 2006
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Ishikawa, Ito, et al., 2004
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Yanagimoto, Ochi, et al., 2004
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Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003
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Fukami, K.; Ishiyama, S.; Yaguramaki, H.; Masuzawa, T.; Nabeta, Y.; Endo, K.; Shimoda, M.,
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Maeztu, Sanz, et al., 2001
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Optimizing headspace temperature and time sampling for identification of volatile compounds in ground roasted Arabica coffee,
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Buttery, Orts, et al., 1999
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Volatile flavor components of rice cakes,
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Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999
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Buttery and Ling, 1998
Buttery, R.G.; Ling, L.C.,
Additional studies on flavor components of corn tortilla chips,
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Chyau, Lin, et al., 1997
Chyau, C.-C.; Lin, Y.-C.; Mau, J.-L.,
Storage stability of deep-fried shallot flavoring,
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Volatile chemicals formed in the headspace of a heated D-glucose/L-cysteine Maillard model system,
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Volatile antioxidants formed from an L-cysteine/D-glucose Maillard model system,
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Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1992
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Kinetics and thermal degradation of the fructose-methionine Amadori intermediates. GC-MS/SPECMA data bank identification of volatile aroma compounds,
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Pfannhauser, 1990
Pfannhauser, W.,
Fluchtige Verbindungen aus extrudaten von triticale,
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Wong and Bernhard, 1988
Wong, J.M.; Bernhard, R.A.,
Effect of nitrogen source on pyrazine formation,
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Buttery, Ling, et al., 1983
Buttery, R.G.; Ling, L.C.; Teranishi, R.; Mon, T.R.,
Insect attractants: volatiles of hydrolizyed protein insect baits,
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Liardon and Ledermann, 1980
Liardon, R.; Ledermann, S.,
volatile components of fermented soya hydrolysate. II. Composition of basic fraction,
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Shibamoto and Russell, 1977
Shibamoto, T.; Russell, G.F.,
A study of the volatiles isolated from a D-glucose-hydrogen sulfide-ammonia model system,
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Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 2007
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Impact of ecological post-harvest processing of coffee aroma: II Roasted coffee.,
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Viegas and Bassoli, 2007
Viegas, M.C.; Bassoli, D.G.,
Utilizacao do indice de retencao linear para caracterizacao de compostos volateis em cafe soluvel utilizando GC-MS e coluna HP-Innowax,
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Krings, Zelena, et al., 2006
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Thin-layer high-vacuum distillation to isolate volatile flavour compounds of cocoa powder,
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. [all data]
Notes
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