Lidocaine
- Formula: C14H22N2O
- Molecular weight: 234.3373
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C14H22N2O/c1-5-16(6-2)10-13(17)15-14-11(3)8-7-9-12(14)4/h7-9H,5-6,10H2,1-4H3,(H,15,17)
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: NNJVILVZKWQKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 137-58-6
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-; 2',6'-Acetoxylidide, 2-(diethylamino)-; α-(Diethylamino)-2,6-acetoxylidide; Anestacon; Duncaine; Gravocain; Isicaina; Isicaine; Leostesin; Lignocaine; Maricaine; Rucaina; Solcain; Xycaine; Xylestesin; Xylocain; Xylocaine; Xylocitin; Xylotox; 2-(Diethylamino)-2',6'-acetoxylidide; α-Diethylamino-2,6-dimethylacetanilide; α-Diethylaminoaceto-2,6-xylidide; ω-Diethylamino-2,6-dimethylacetanilide; Cappicaine; Cito optadren; Diethylaminoaceto-2,6-xylidide; Esracaine; L-Caine; Lida-Mantle; Xilina; Xyloneural (free base); Diethylaminoacet-2,6-xylidide; alfa-Dietilamino-2,6-dimetilacetanilide; Xilocaina; Xyline; Remicaine; Anbesol; Cuivasil; Dalcaine; Solarcaine; N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-N2,N2-diethylglycinamide; Lidoderm; ELA-Max; Jetocaine
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Reduced pressure boiling point
| Tboil (K) | Pressure (atm) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 454.2 | 0.005 | Weast and Grasselli, 1989 | BS |
Enthalpy of fusion
| ΔfusH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.92 | 340.7 | DSC | Lazerges, Rietveld, et al., 2010 | AC |
| 4.49 | 341. | DSC | Wassvik, Holmén, et al., 2008 | AC |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
| Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
|---|---|
| Origin | Tox21 Consortium/NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 2012 |
| NIST MS number | 408610 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | BP-1 | 200. | 1875. | Japp, Gill, et al., 1987 | 25. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 200. | 1882. | Japp, Gill, et al., 1987 | 25. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, N2 |
| Packed | SE-30 | 180. | 1875. | Musumarra, Scarlata, et al., 1987 | N2, 1% se-30 on Anachrom ABS(80-100mesh); Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 220. | 1900. | Mari, Bertol, et al., 1984 | Anakrom ABS; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 260. | 1850. | Mari, Bertol, et al., 1984 | Anakrom ABS; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | OV-101 | 170. | 1859. | Delbeke, Debackere, et al., 1981 | |
| Packed | OV-101 | 180. | 1866. | Delbeke, Debackere, et al., 1981 | |
| Packed | OV-1 | 200. | 1885. | Berninger and Möller, 1977 |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Packed | OV-101 | 1875. | Maurer, 1990 | N2, Chromosorb G HP, 100. C @ 3. min, 30. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min; Column length: 0.60 m |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 1869. | Schepers, Wijsbeek, et al., 1982 | 25. m/0.49 mm/1.14 μm, 100. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 275. C @ 15. min |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Packed | OV-101 | 1860. | McLinden and Stenhouse, 1979 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 1884. | Christ, Noomano, et al., 1988 | 30. m/0.75 mm/1.0 μm, He, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 12. min; Tstart: 160. C |
| Capillary | CBP-1 | 1838. | Oyama, Sano, et al., 1987 | N2, 6. K/min; Column length: 12. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1881. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1890. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1880. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1880. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1882. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1882. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1882. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1882. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1885. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1885. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1890. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1892. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1895. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1865. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1882. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1885. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1885. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1885. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1885. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1885. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1890. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1890. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1890. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1893. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1895. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1875. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1875. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1875. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1875. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1875. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1880. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1880. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1880. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1880. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1880. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1885. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Packed | Methyl Silicone | 1895. | Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985 | 120. C @ 4. min, 7. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 1854. | Perrigo, Peel, et al., 1985 | 15. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 1852.0 | Newton and Foery, 1984 | 12. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 50. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 300. C @ 3. min |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 1854. | Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 1984 | 15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 1860. | Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 1984 | 15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 12. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 1863. | Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 1984 | 15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 15. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 1848. | Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 1984 | 15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 1842. | Anderson and Stafford, 1983 | 15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 295. C |
| Packed | SE-30 | 1865. | Perrigo and Peel, 1981 | N2, Chromosorb W, 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 1.8 m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 1881. | Aderjan and Bogusz, 1988 | 10. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, He; Program: 100 0C (2 min ) 15 0C/min -> 200 0C 10 0C/min -> 300 0C (8 min hold) |
| Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 1870. | Aderjan and Bogusz, 1988 | 10. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, He; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1857. | Stowell and Wilson, 1987 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 120C => 8C/min => 270C => 25C/min => 300C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Polymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000) | 1870. | Gambaro, Saligari, et al., 1997 | 12. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, He, 10. K/min; Tstart: 160. C; Tend: 300. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1842. | Phillips, Logan, et al., 1990 | 15. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, He, 10. K/min; Tstart: 185. C; Tend: 270. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 1844. | Anderson and Fuller, 1987 | 10. m/0.53 mm/2.65 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 130. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1842. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 295. C |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1854. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1852. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 20. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C |
| Packed | SE-30 | 1860. | Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982 | Gas Chrom P, 2.5 K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Packed | SE-30 | 1865. | Peel and Perrigo, 1976 | Nitrogen, Chromosorb W AW DMS (80-100 mesh), 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 1865. | Peel and Perrigo, 1975 | N2, Chromosorb W AW DMS, 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 2. m |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 1924. | Grigoriev and Savchuk, 2010 | 25. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm; Program: 50 0C (0.5 min) 99 0C/min -> 100 0C (1 min) 15 0C/min -> 280 0C (20 min) |
| Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 1924. | Grigoriev and Savchuk, 2010 | 25. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm; Program: 50 0C (0.5 min) 99 0C/min -> 100 0C (1 min) 15 0C/min -> 280 0C (20 min) |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 1875. | Grigor'ev, Bozhko, et al., 2009 | Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Polymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000) | 1841. | Gambaro, Saligari, et al., 1997 | 12. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Polymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000) | 1842. | Gambaro, Saligari, et al., 1997 | 12. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1856. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 120 0X 8 0C/min -> 270 0C 25 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min) |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1857. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 120 0X 8 0C/min -> 270 0C 25 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min) |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1857. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 120 0X 8 0C/min -> 270 0C 25 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min) |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1858. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 120 0X 8 0C/min -> 270 0C 25 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min) |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1858. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 120 0X 8 0C/min -> 270 0C 25 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min) |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 1860. | Stowell and Wilson, 1985 | 12. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: not specified |
| Other | Methyl Silicone | 1870. | Ardrey and Moffat, 1981 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]
Lazerges, Rietveld, et al., 2010
Lazerges, Mathieu; Rietveld, Ivo B.; Corvis, Yohann; Céolin, René; Espeau, Philippe,
Thermodynamic studies of mixtures for topical anesthesia: Lidocaine--salol binary phase diagram,
Thermochimica Acta, 2010, 497, 1-2, 124-128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2009.08.016
. [all data]
Wassvik, Holmén, et al., 2008
Wassvik, Carola M.; Holmén, Anders G.; Draheim, Rieke; Artursson, Per; Bergström, Christel A.S.,
Molecular Characteristics for Solid-State Limited Solubility,
J. Med. Chem., 2008, 51, 10, 3035-3039, https://doi.org/10.1021/jm701587d
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Japp, Gill, et al., 1987
Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D.,
Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns,
J. Forensic Sci., 1987, 32, 6, 1574-1586. [all data]
Musumarra, Scarlata, et al., 1987
Musumarra, G.; Scarlata, G.; Romano, G.; Cappello, G.; Clementi, S.; Giulietti, G.,
Qualitative organic analysis. Part 2. Identification of drugs by principal components analysis of standardized TLC data in four eluent systems and of retention indices on SE 30,
J. Anal. Toxicol., 1987, 11, 4, 154-163, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/11.4.154
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Mari, Bertol, et al., 1984
Mari, F.; Bertol, E.; Tosti, M.,
Benzoyltropeine, an unusual substance in street heroin samples,
Bull. Narc., 1984, 1, 59-67. [all data]
Delbeke, Debackere, et al., 1981
Delbeke, F.T.; Debackere, M.; Desmet, N.,
Detection of some local anaesthetics in horse urine and plasma by gas-liquid chromatography,
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Berninger and Möller, 1977
Berninger, H.; Möller, M.R.,
Retentionsindices zur gaschromatographischen Identifizierung von Arzneimitteln,
Arch. Toxicol., 1977, 37, 4, 295-305, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00330821
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Maurer, 1990
Maurer, H.H.,
Identification of antiarrhythmic drugs and their metabolites in urine,
Arch. Toxicol., 1990, 64, 3, 218-230, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02010728
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Schepers, Wijsbeek, et al., 1982
Schepers, P.; Wijsbeek, J.; Franke, J.P.; de Zeeuw, R.A.,
Applicability of capillary gas chromatography to substance identification in toxicology by means of retention indices,
J. Forensic Sci., 1982, 27, 1, 49-60. [all data]
McLinden and Stenhouse, 1979
McLinden, V.J.; Stenhouse, A.M.,
A chromatography system for drug identification,
Forensic Sci. Int., 1979, 13, 71-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-0738(79)90265-2
. [all data]
Christ, Noomano, et al., 1988
Christ, D.W.; Noomano, P.; Rosas, M.; Rhone, D.,
Retention indices by wide-bore capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection,
J. Anal. Toxicol., 1988, 12, 2, 84-88, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/12.2.84
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Oyama, Sano, et al., 1987
Oyama, N.; Sano, T.; Syoyama, M.; Maeda, K.,
Studies on systematic analysis of poisonous compounds in forensic chemistry. II. Application of capillary column gas chromatography to substance identification by means of retention indices,
Eisei Kagaku, 1987, 33, 5, 342-348, https://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.33.342
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Bogusz, Wijsbeek, et al., 1985
Bogusz, M.; Wijsbeek, J.; Franke, J.P.; de Zeeuw, R.A.; Gierz, J.,
Impact of biological matrix, drug concentration, and method of isolation on detectability and variability of retention index values in gas chromatography,
J. Anal. Toxicol., 1985, 9, 2, 49-54, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/9.2.49
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Perrigo, Peel, et al., 1985
Perrigo, B.J.; Peel, H.W.; Ballantyne, D.J.,
Use of Dual-Column Fused-Silica Capillary Gas Chromatography in Combination with Detector Response Factors for Analytical Toxicology.,
J. Chromatogr., 1985, 341, 81-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)84011-6
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Newton and Foery, 1984
Newton, B.; Foery, R.F.,
Retention indices and dual capillary gas chromatography for rapid identification of sedative hypnotic drugs in emergency toxicology,
J. Anal. Toxicol., 1984, 8, 3, 129-134, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/8.3.129
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Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 1984
Perrigo, B.J.; Ballantyne, D.J.; Peel, H.W.,
Condierations in developing a data base for drugs on a DBI capillary column,
J. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci., 1984, 17, 2, 41-49, https://doi.org/10.1080/00085030.1984.10757360
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Anderson and Stafford, 1983
Anderson, W.H.; Stafford, D.T.,
Applications of capillary gas chromatography in routine toxicological analyses,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 5, 247-254, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240060506
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Perrigo and Peel, 1981
Perrigo, B.J.; Peel, H.W.,
The use of retention indices and temperature-programmed gas chromatography in analytical toxicology,
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Aderjan and Bogusz, 1988
Aderjan, R.; Bogusz, M.,
Nitroalkanes as a multidetector retention index scale for drug identification in gas chromatography,
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Stowell and Wilson, 1987
Stowell, A.; Wilson, L.W.,
A simple approach to the interlaboratory transfer of drug retention indices determined by temperature programmed capillary gas chromatography,
J. Forensic Sci., 1987, 32, 5, 1214-1220. [all data]
Gambaro, Saligari, et al., 1997
Gambaro, V.; Saligari, E.; Froldi, R.; Bianchi, L.,
Analysis of street drugs by means of HRGC,
Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutica, 1997, 36, 4, 359-367. [all data]
Phillips, Logan, et al., 1990
Phillips, A.M.; Logan, B.K.; Stafford, D.T.,
Further applications for capillary gas chromatography in routine quantitative toxicological analyses,
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Peel and Perrigo, 1975
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A practical gas chromatographic screening procedure for toxicological analysis,
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. [all data]
Notes
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