1,1'-Biphenyl, 2,2'-dichloro-
- Formula: C12H8Cl2
- Molecular weight: 223.098
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C12H8Cl2/c13-11-7-3-1-5-9(11)10-6-2-4-8-12(10)14/h1-8H
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: JAYCNKDKIKZTAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 13029-08-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Biphenyl, 2,2'-dichloro-; O,O'-Dichlorobiphenyl; 2,2'-Dichlorobiphenyl; 2,2'-Dichlorodiphenyl; 2,2'-Dichloro-1,1'-biphenyl; 2,2'-Dichlorbiphenyl; PCB 4
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°gas | 127.9 ± 4.8 | kJ/mol | Ccr | Smith, Gorin, et al., 1964 | Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 127. kJ/mol |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°solid | 31.7 ± 2.3 | kJ/mol | Ccr | Smith, Gorin, et al., 1964 | Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 30.9 kJ/mol |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔcH°solid | -5941.5 ± 1.7 | kJ/mol | Ccr | Smith, Gorin, et al., 1964 | |
| ΔcH°solid | -5831.91 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Brull, 1935 |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔsubH° | 96.2 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | V | Smith, Gorin, et al., 1964 | ALS |
| ΔsubH° | 96.2 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | ME | Smith, Gorin, et al., 1964 | Based on data from 310. to 328. K. See also Cox and Pilcher, 1970, 2 and Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987.; AC |
Enthalpy of sublimation
| ΔsubH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 87.8 ± 1.2 | 313. | ME | Nakajoh, Shibata, et al., 2005 | Based on data from 303. to 323. K.; AC |
| 96.1 | 314. | ME | Smith, Gorin, et al., 1964 | Based on data from 310. to 328. K.; AC |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
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| Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
|---|---|
| Origin | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1998. |
| NIST MS number | 291879 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Apiezon L | 200. | 1640. | Krupcík, Leclercq, et al., 1980 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | OV-101 | 200. | 1620. | Albro, Haseman, et al., 1977 | Chromosorb W HP (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 150. | 1590. | Zell, Neu, et al., 1977 | Column length: 27. m |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 150. | 1590. | Zell, Neu, et al., 1977 | Column length: 27. m |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 200. | 1625.8 | Krupcik, Leclercq, et al., 1976 | Column length: 50. m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 1580. | Kozloski, 1985 | He, 5. K/min; Column length: 10. m; Column diameter: 0.21 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 210. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Apiezon L | 180. | 1631. | Ballschmiter and Zell, 1980 | H2; Column length: 40. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm |
| Capillary | Apiezon L | 180. | 1631. | Ballschmiter and Zell, 1980 | H2; Column length: 40. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | HP-5 | 1606. | Zenkevich, Moeder, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 1580. | Nakano, Tsuji, et al., 1987 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 130. C; Tend: 280. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Apolane | 1553. | Bush, Murphy, et al., 1985 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: 70 0C (2 min) 10 0C/min (6 min) 2 0C/min -> 250 0C |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Smith, Gorin, et al., 1964
Smith, N.K.; Gorin, G.; Good, W.D.; McCullough, J.P.,
The heats of combustion, sublimation, and formation of four dihalobiphenyls,
J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 940-946. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Brull, 1935
Brull, L.,
Sui calori di combustione di alcuni derivati del bifenil,
Gazz. Chim. Ital., 1935, 65, 19-28. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970, 2
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press Inc., London, 1970, 643. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Nakajoh, Shibata, et al., 2005
Nakajoh, Katsuhiko; Shibata, Etsuro; Todoroki, Tomohiro; Ohara, Atsushi; Nishizawa, Katsushi; Nakamura, Takashi,
VAPOR PRESSURE OF TEN POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS AND TWO COMMERCIAL FLUIDS AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE,
Environ Toxicol Chem, 2005, 24, 7, 1602, https://doi.org/10.1897/04-381R.1
. [all data]
Krupcík, Leclercq, et al., 1980
Krupcík, J.; Leclercq, P.A.; Garaj, J.; Símová, A.,
Analysis of alkylated mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
J. Chromatogr., 1980, 191, 207-220, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86381-5
. [all data]
Albro, Haseman, et al., 1977
Albro, P.W.; Haseman, J.K.; Clemmer, T.A.; Corbett, B.J.,
Identification of the Individual Polychlorinated Biphenyls in a Mixture by Gas-Liquid Chromatography,
J. Chromatogr., 1977, 136, 1, 147-153, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)83003-4
. [all data]
Zell, Neu, et al., 1977
Zell, M.; Neu, H.J.; Ballschmiter, K.,
Identifizierung der PCB-Komponenten durch retentionsindexvergleich nach kapillar-gaschromatographie,
Chemosphere, 1977, 2/3, 2-3, 69-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(77)90047-9
. [all data]
Krupcik, Leclercq, et al., 1976
Krupcik, J.; Leclercq, P.A.; Símová, A.; Suchánek, P.; Collák, M.; Hrivnák, J.,
Possibilities and limitations of capillary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry in the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls,
J. Chromatogr., 1976, 119, 271-283, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86791-6
. [all data]
Kozloski, 1985
Kozloski, R.P.,
Polychlorinated biphenyl retention time standards obtained by chemical dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyl isomers,
J. Chromatogr., 1985, 318, 211-219, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)90682-X
. [all data]
Ballschmiter and Zell, 1980
Ballschmiter, K.; Zell, M.,
Analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) by glass capillary gas chromatography,
Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem., 1980, 302, 1, 20-31, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00469758
. [all data]
Zenkevich, Moeder, et al., 2004
Zenkevich, I.G.; Moeder, M.; Koeller, G.; Schrader, S.,
Using new structurally related additive schemes in the precalculation of gas chromatographic retention indices of polychlorinated hydroxybiphenyls on HP-5 stationary phase,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2004, 1025, 2, 227-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2003.10.106
. [all data]
Nakano, Tsuji, et al., 1987
Nakano, T.; Tsuji, M.; Okuno, T.,
Analytical methods for PCB using GC/ECD and GC/MS with capillary column,
Report of the Environmental Science Institute of Hyoho Prefecture, 1987, 19, 57-62. [all data]
Bush, Murphy, et al., 1985
Bush, B.; Murphy, M.J.; Connor, S.; Snow, J.; Barnard, E.,
Improvements in Glass Capillary Gas Chromatographic Polychlorobiphenyl Analysis,
J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1985, 23, 11, 509-515, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/23.11.509
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
ΔcH°solid Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°solid Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions ΔsubH Enthalpy of sublimation ΔsubH° Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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