Nonanal

Formula: C₉H₁₈O
Molecular weight: 142.2386
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C9H18O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10/h9H,2-8H2,1H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 124-19-6
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: n-Nonaldehyde; n-Nonanal; n-Nonylaldehyde; Nonaldehyde; Nonanaldehyde; Nonanoic aldehyde; Nonylaldehyde; Nonylic aldehyde; Pelargonaldehyde; Pelargonic aldehyde; 1-Nonanal; Aldehyde C-9; NCI-C61018; 1-Nonaldehyde; 1-Nonyl aldehyde; C-9 Aldehyde; Nonyl aldehyde, n-; n-Nonan-1-al; NSC 5518; 918959-88-3; Nononal
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Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-Innowax	FFAP	RTX-Wax	VF-Wax MS	TC-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	45.	60.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	230.	220.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	2.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	1.	1.		5.	3.
Final hold (min)	5.	5.	30.	25.
I	1396.	1379.	1403.	1396.	1395.
Reference	Feng, Zhuang, et al., 2011	Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 2011	Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010	Duarte, Dias, et al., 2010	Miyazawa, Fujita, et al., 2010
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	FFAP	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Hydrogen	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	40.	30.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	240.	230.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	6.	6.	6.	8.	6.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.	2.	5.
Final hold (min)	20.	20.		10.	5.
I	1394.	1404.	1385.	1391.	1385.
Reference	Chen, Song, et al., 2009	Chen, Song, et al., 2009	Christlbauer and Schieberle, 2009	Karlsson, Birgersson, et al., 2009	Mallia, Escher, et al., 2009
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	TC-WAX	CP-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	50.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	200.	200.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	6.	8.	8.	8.
Initial hold (min)	3.	2.	3.	3.	3.
Final hold (min)		15.	9.5	9.5	9.5
I	1391.	1369.	1401.	1405.	1406.
Reference	Miyazawa, Tomita, et al., 2009	Mo, Fan, et al., 2009	Rochat, Egger, et al., 2009	Rochat, Egger, et al., 2009	Rochat, Egger, et al., 2009
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	Stabilwax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	HP-20M
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.50	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	35.	30.	30.	70.
T_end (C)	200.	225.	200.	200.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	8.	6.	2.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)	3.	5.	4.	4.	4.
Final hold (min)	9.5	10.	30.	30.
I	1420.	1388.	1387.	1389.	1365.
Reference	Rochat, Egger, et al., 2009	Watcharananun, Cadwallader, et al., 2009	Beck, Higbee, et al., 2008	Beck, Higbee, et al., 2008	Blazevic and Mastelic, 2008
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-20M	Innowax	RTX-Wax	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax
Column length (m)	50.	30.	60.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium		He	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.20	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.20	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	40.	60.	45.	50.
T_end (C)	180.	200.	230.	190.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	10.	2.	4.	6.5
Initial hold (min)	4.	5.		2.	1.5
Final hold (min)		15.	35.	50.	10.
I	1365.	1392.	1395.	1399.	1390.
Reference	Blazevic and Mastelic, 2008	Kaypak and Avsar, 2008	Paolini, Tomi, et al., 2008	Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008	Thakeow, Angeli, et al., 2008
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP Innowax	Stabilwax	DB-Wax	Carbowax	CP-Wax 52CB
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.32	0.2	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.50	0.25	0.5	0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	60.	40.	40.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	260.	240.	240.	250.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	5.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)		5.		8.	8.
Final hold (min)		10.		15.	20.
I	1390.	1387.	1402.	1367.	1396.
Reference	Capetanos, Saroglou, et al., 2007	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007	Dury-Brun, Fournier, et al., 2007	Ferhat, Tigrine-Kordjani, et al., 2007	Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	RTX-Wax	BP-20	BP-20	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.5	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	70.	60.	70.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	230.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	10.	4.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)	5.	4.		2.	2.
Final hold (min)	10.	5.	20.	20.	20.
I	1394.	1398.	1387.	1392.	1393.
Reference	Prososki, Etzel, et al., 2007	Rawat, Gulati, et al., 2007	Boti, Muselli, et al., 2006	Lan Phi N.T., Nishiyama C., et al., 2006	Lan Phi N.T., Nishiyama C., et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-20M	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Carbowax-PEG	ZB-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	60.	30.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He			Helium	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25	0.25	0.20	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.2	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	70.	70.	40.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	180.	230.	200.	250.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	8.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)	4.	2.	3.	8.	2.
Final hold (min)	15.	20.	20.	15.	10.
I	1365.	1395.	1381.	1367.	1412.
Reference	Mastelic, Jerkovic, et al., 2006	Sawamura, Onishi, et al., 2006	Schirack, Drake, et al., 2006	Tigrine-Kordiani, Meklati, et al., 2006	Wierda R.L., Fletcher G., et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	Carbowax 20M	Supelcowax	Stabilwax	Stabilwax
Column length (m)	50.	50.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	Helium	He	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25	0.2	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.5	0.25	0.2	0.5	0.5
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	190.	230.	280.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	4.	4.	6.	6.
Initial hold (min)		2.	30.	5.	5.
Final hold (min)	60.	30.		5.	5.
I	1393.	1372.	1366.	1381.	1372.
Reference	Bendimerad and Bendiab, 2005	de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005	Gauvin and Smadja, 2005	Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005	Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Stabilwax DA	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	N2	N2		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.53
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5	1.
T_start (C)	60.	70.	70.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	240.	230.	230.	180.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	2.	2.	5.	4.
Initial hold (min)		2.	2.	5.	2.
Final hold (min)	30.	20.	20.		20.
I	1395.	1407.	1407.	1419.	1417.
Reference	Joichi, Yomogida, et al., 2005	Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005	Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005, 2	Nogueira, Lubachevsky, et al., 2005	Rochat and Chaintreau, 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10	CP-Wax 52CB	Supelcowax-10	ZB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He		Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.53	0.53	0.32	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	1.	1.	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	40.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	240.	240.	220.	220.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	4.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.	1.	5.	2.
Final hold (min)	20.	20.		10.	5.
I	1418.	1420.	1391.	1398.	1375.
Reference	Rochat and Chaintreau, 2005	Rochat and Chaintreau, 2005	Rohloff and Bones, 2005	Vichi, Riu-Aumatell, et al., 2005	N/A
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	ZB-Wax	ZB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium		N2	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.5	0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	40.	40.	35.	70.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	240.	230.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	4.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.	5.	2.	5.
Final hold (min)	5.	5.	10.	20.
I	1375.	1380.	1417.	1405.	1415.
Reference	N/A	N/A	Chida, Sone, et al., 2004	Choi, 2004	Culleré, Escudero, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	HP-Innowax	Stabilwax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	50.	60.	60.
Carrier gas		Nitrogen	He	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	70.	45.	40.	70.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	190.	240.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	4.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)	2.	2.	2.	5.
Final hold (min)	20.		50.	10.	60.
I	1410.	1410.	1390.	1387.	1397.
Reference	Sawamura, Son, et al., 2004	Sawamura, Sou, et al., 2004	Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003	Mookdasanit, Tamura, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	60.	60.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	N2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	70.	40.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	230.	200.	200.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	10.	2.	10.	10.	10.
Final hold (min)	10.	20.
I	1400.	1379.	1396.	1391.	1389.
Reference	Suleimenov, Atazharova, et al., 2003	Tu, Onishi, et al., 2003	Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-20	DB-Wax	RTX-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	30.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	H2	He	He	H2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.5	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	45.	40.	40.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	230.	250.	180.	245.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	8.	5.	1.5	3.
Initial hold (min)	1.	5.	5.		10.
Final hold (min)	10.	5.	20.	20.	10.
I	1383.	1386.	1437.	1383.	1389.
Reference	Darriet, Pons, et al., 2002	Fu, Yoon, et al., 2002	Galindo-Cuspinera, Lubran, et al., 2002	Gancel, Ollé, et al., 2002	Hayata, Sakamoto, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	TC-WAX FFS	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.5		0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	40.	60.	70.
T_end (C)	210.	210.	240.	240.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	7.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)					2.
Final hold (min)			5.		20.
I	1395.	1396.	1395.	1398.	1391.
Reference	Kumazawa and Masuda, 2002	Kumazawa and Masuda, 2002	Lin, Rouseff, et al., 2002	Miyazawa, Maehara, et al., 2002	Tu, Onishi, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	TC-Wax	HP-FFAP
Column length (m)	60.	60.	30.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	He		Helium	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25		0.5
T_start (C)	40.	50.	25.	80.	35.
T_end (C)	200.	210.	220.	250.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	1.5	4.	4.	6.
Initial hold (min)	2.	5.
Final hold (min)		10.	30.	47.	15.
I	1380.	1397.	1380.	1401.	1393.
Reference	Umano, Hagi, et al., 2002	Chyau and Mau, 2001	Duque, Bonilla, et al., 2001	Miyazawa, Kurose, et al., 2001	Preininger and Ullrich, 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	DB-Wax	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	30.	60.	60.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.3
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	30.	35.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	170.	200.	200.	190.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	4.	2.	5.
Initial hold (min)	3.	4.	10.	2.	2.
Final hold (min)		30.			20.
I	1392.	1390.	1409.	1391.	1386.
Reference	Weckerle, Bastl-Borrmann, et al., 2001	Buttery, Light, et al., 2000	Girard and Durance, 2000	Umano, Hagi, et al., 2000	Xue, Ye, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	PEG-20M	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas		N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.53	0.53
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25
T_start (C)	30.	40.	70.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	170.	210.	220.	210.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	3.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)	4.
Final hold (min)	60.
I	1390.	1376.	1395.	1414.	1415.
Reference	Buttery, Orts, et al., 1999	Chyau and Mau, 1999	Hirose, Joichi, et al., 1999	Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999	Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP Innowax FSP	Innowax	HP-Innowax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	34.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	240.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)				4.	5.
Initial hold (min)	10.	10.	10.		3.
Final hold (min)	10.				10.
I	1400.	1400.	1400.	1393.	1419.
Reference	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 2	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 3	Ngassoum, Yonkeu, et al., 1999	Schlüter, Steinhart, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	PEG-20M	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	25.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He			He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25			1.
T_start (C)	34.	40.	30.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	170.	230.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	2.	2.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)	3.	2.	4.
Final hold (min)	10.		30.		40.
I	1380.	1389.	1389.	1390.	1392.
Reference	Schlüter, Steinhart, et al., 1999	Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999	Buttery and Ling, 1998	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	Horiuchi, Umano, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax	Innowax	CBP-20	HP-Innowax FSC
Column length (m)	25.	25.	30.	25.	60.
Carrier gas					He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)			0.25		0.25
T_start (C)	35.	35.	40.	35.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	240.	200.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	6.	5.	4.
Initial hold (min)			10.	5.	10.
Final hold (min)			25.		10.
I	1380.	1380.	1390.	1382.	1400.
Reference	Ong and Acree, 1998	Ong, Acree, et al., 1998	Petersen, Poll, et al., 1998	Quiroz A. and Niemeyer H.M., 1998	Tümen, Baser, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	PEG-20M	PEG-20M	TC-Wax	Supelcowax-10	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He			He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)				0.25
T_start (C)	70.	70.	80.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	210.	220.	240.	200.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)			5.	3.	4.
Final hold (min)				30.
I	1395.	1395.	1394.	1394.	1368.
Reference	Awano, Honda, et al., 1997	Awano, Ichikawa, et al., 1997	Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996	Wong and Lai, 1996	Kawakami, Ganguly, et al., 1995
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	H2	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)			0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	180.	180.	150.	230.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	8.	8.
Initial hold (min)	4.	4.	10.	5.	5.
Final hold (min)			20.	10.	10.
I	1382.	1387.	1382.	1396.	1400.
Reference	Kobayashi, Tsuda, et al., 1995	Kobayashi, Tsuda, et al., 1995	Tirado, Stashenko, et al., 1995	Steullet and Guerin, 1994	Steullet and Guerin, 1994
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	230.	230.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	8.	8.	8.	8.	3.
Initial hold (min)	5.	5.	5.	5.	4.
Final hold (min)	10.	10.	10.	10.
I	1394.	1396.	1396.	1398.	1411.
Reference	Steullet and Guerin, 1994	Steullet and Guerin, 1994	Steullet and Guerin, 1994	Steullet and Guerin, 1994	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	50.	80.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	60.	60.	70.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	180.	180.	170.	230.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)	4.	4.
Final hold (min)				10.	10.
I	1368.	1368.	1382.	1388.	1388.
Reference	Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993	Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991	Anker, Jurs, et al., 1990	Binder, Benson, et al., 1990	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	60.	30.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas					He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)					0.25
T_start (C)	50.	70.	50.	50.	40.
T_end (C)	230.	200.	230.	250.	175.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	4.	4.	1.
Initial hold (min)		2.	0.1	0.1	5.
Final hold (min)	10.		10.	5.
I	1388.	1393.	1389.	1388.	1395.
Reference	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990, 2	Wyllie, Brophy, et al., 1990	Binder, Flath, et al., 1989	Binder and Flath, 1989	Hsieh, Williams, et al., 1989
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	50.	50.	30.	50.	50.
Carrier gas	N2	N2	Helium	N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.22	0.32	0.22	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	80.	80.	40.	80.	80.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	200.	200.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	6.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)			1.
Final hold (min)
I	1382.	1382.	1403.	1382.	1382.
Reference	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1988	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1988	Andersen J.F., Mikolajczak K.L., et al., 1987	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1987	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1987
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Packed	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	150.	3.	31.	150.	150.
Carrier gas		He	Helium
Substrate		Chromosorb G AW DMCS
Column diameter (mm)	0.66		0.50	0.64	0.64
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	60.	60.	40.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	170.	180.	200.	170.	170.
Heat rate (K/min)	1.	4.	10.	1.	1.
Initial hold (min)	40.			30.	30.
Final hold (min)
I	1390.	1389.	1379.	1390.	1390.
Reference	Buttery, Xu, et al., 1985	Schieberle and Grosch, 1983	Labropoulos, Palmer, et al., 1982	Buttery, Parker, et al., 1981	Buttery and Kamm, 1980
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	150.	50.	50.	100.	100.
Carrier gas		N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.64	0.28	0.28	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	50.	80.	80.	70.	70.
T_end (C)	170.	170.	170.	170.	170.
Heat rate (K/min)	1.	1.	1.	1.	1.
Initial hold (min)	30.
Final hold (min)
I	1390.	1348.	1349.	1388.	1388.
Reference	Buttery, Ling, et al., 1980	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1980	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1980	Shibamoto and Jennings, 1977	Shibamoto and Jennings, 1977
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

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Rochat, Egger, et al., 2009
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Beck, Higbee, et al., 2008
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Mastelic, Jerkovic, et al., 2006
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Sawamura, Onishi, et al., 2006
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Schirack, Drake, et al., 2006
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Tigrine-Kordiani, Meklati, et al., 2006
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Wierda R.L., Fletcher G., et al., 2006
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Bendimerad and Bendiab, 2005
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de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005
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Gauvin and Smadja, 2005
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Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005
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Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005, 2
Jirovetz, L.; Buchbauer, G.; Stoyanova, A.; Balinova, A.; Guangjiun, Z.; Xihan, M., Solid phase microextraction/gas chromatographic and olfactory analysis of the scent and fixative properties of the essential oil of Rosa damascena L. from China, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 1, 7-12, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1375 . [all data]

Joichi, Yomogida, et al., 2005
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Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005
Njoroge, S.M.; Koaze, H.; Mwaniki, M.; Minh Tu, N.T.; Sawamura, M., Essential oils of Kenyan Citrus fruits: volatile components of two varieties of mandarins (Citrus reticulata) and a tangelo (C. paradisi × C. tangerina), Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 1, 74-79, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1376 . [all data]

Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005, 2
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Nogueira, Lubachevsky, et al., 2005
Nogueira, M.C.L.; Lubachevsky, G.; Rankin, S.A., A study of the volatile composition of Minas cheese, Lebensm. Wiss. Technol., 2005, 38, 5, 555-563, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2004.07.019 . [all data]

Rochat and Chaintreau, 2005
Rochat, S.; Chaintreau, A., Carbonyl Odorants Contributing to the In-Oven Roast Beef Top Note, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 24, 9578-9585, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf058089l . [all data]

Rohloff and Bones, 2005
Rohloff, J.; Bones, A.M., Volatile profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana - Putative olfactory compounds in plant communication, Phytochemistry, 2005, 66, 16, 1941-1955, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.06.021 . [all data]

Vichi, Riu-Aumatell, et al., 2005
Vichi, S.; Riu-Aumatell, M.; Mora-Pons, M.; Buxaderas, S.; Lopez-Tamames, E., Characterization of Volatiles in Different Dry Gins, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 26, 10154-10160, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf058121b . [all data]

Chida, Sone, et al., 2004
Chida, M.; Sone, Y.; Tamura, H., Aroma characteristics of stored tobacco cut leaves analyzed by a high vacuum distillation and canister system, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 26, 7918-7924, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049223p . [all data]

Choi, 2004
Choi, H.-S., Volatile constituents of satsuma mandarins growing in Korea, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 5, 406-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1283 . [all data]

Culleré, Escudero, et al., 2004
Culleré, L.; Escudero, A.; Cacho, J.; Ferreira, V., Gas chromatography-olfactometry and chemical quantitative study of the aroma of six premium auality Spanish aged red wines, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 6, 1653-1660, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0350820 . [all data]

Sawamura, Son, et al., 2004
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Sawamura, Sou, et al., 2004
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Notes

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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