Paraldehyde

• Formula: C₆H₁₂O₃
• Molecular weight: 132.1577
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H12O3/c1-4-7-5(2)9-6(3)8-4/h4-6H,1-3H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: SQYNKIJPMDEDEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 123-63-7
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Stereoisomers:
  • cis-2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxane
• Other names: 1,3,5-Trioxane, 2,4,6-trimethyl-; s-Trioxane, 2,4,6-trimethyl-; s-Trimethyltrioxymethylene; Acetaldehyde trimer; Elaldehyde; Paraacetaldehyde; Paracetaldehyde; Paral; Pcho; 1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-trioxane; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-s-trioxane; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxane; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxan; Paraldehyd; Paraldeide; Triacetaldehyde; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxaan; 2,4,6-Trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxacyclohexane; 2,4,6-Trimetil-1,3,5-triossano; Rcra waste number U182; UN 1264; Trimethyl trioxane; NSC 9799
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
• Options:
  • Switch to calorie-based units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Enthalpy of phase transition

Entropy of phase transition

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• SOLUTION (2% CCl4 FOR 3800-1330, 2% CS2 FOR 1330-450 CM^-1); DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY COBLENTZ SOCIETY (BATCH I) FROM HARD COPY; 2 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

• gas

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Pihlaja and Tuomi, 1970
Pihlaja, K.; Tuomi, M., Bond-Bond interactions in organic oxygen compounds. Part II. Anomalous stablization in cis-2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-trioxane, Suom. Kemistil., 1970, 43, 224-226. [all data]

Clegg G.A., 1969
Clegg G.A., Thermodynamics of polymerization of heterocyclic compounds. Part IV. The heat capacity, entropy, enthalpy and free energy of paraldehyde, Makromol. Chem., 1969, 123, 194-202. [all data]

Grimm and Patrick, 1923
Grimm, F.V.; Patrick, W.A., The Dielectric Constastants of Organic Liquids at the Boilin Point, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1923, 45, 2794. [all data]

Paul and Schantz, 1919
Paul, T.; Schantz, K., The boiling point as indicator of purity and a new apparatus for its determination without thermometer correction., Arch. Pharm. (Weinheim, Ger.), 1919, 257, 87. [all data]

Hollmann, 1903
Hollmann, R., Physical and natural equilibria between the modifications of aldehyde, Z. Phys. Chem., Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl., 1903, 43, 129-59. [all data]

Von Reis, 1881
Von Reis, M.A., IV. The Specific Heat of Liquid Organic Compounds and its Relation to Molecular Weight., Ann. Phys. (Leipzig), 1881, 13, 447. [all data]

Bruhl, 1880
Bruhl, J.W., The Chemical Constitution of Organic Compounds in Relation to their Density and their Ability to Propagate Light, Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1880, 203, 1. [all data]

Biltz, Fischer, et al., 1930
Biltz, W.; Fischer, W.; Wunnenberg, E., Molecular and Atomic Volumes. The Volume Requirements of Crystalline Organic Compounds and Low Temperatures, Z. Phys. Chem., Abt. A, 1930, 151, 13-55. [all data]

Cooper, 1928
Cooper, D.L., The Heat Cpacities of Acetaldehyde and Paraldehyde, and the Heat of Transformation of Acetaldehyde into Paraldehyde, Proc. Trans. N. S. Inst. Sci., Pt. 1, 1928, 17. 82-90. [all data]

Louguinine and Dupont, 1911
Louguinine, W.; Dupont, G., The heat of fusion of substances which melt at ordinary temperatures., Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1911, 9, 219-224. [all data]

Clegg and Melia, 1969
Clegg, G.A.; Melia, T.P., Thermodynamics of polymerization of heterocyclic compounds. Part IV. The heat capacity, entropy, enthalpy and free energy of paraldehyde, Makromol. Chem., 1969, 123, 194-202. [all data]

Fletcher, Mortimer, et al., 1959
Fletcher, S.E.; Mortimer, C.T.; Springall, H.D., Heats of combustion and molecular structure. Part VII. 1:3-dioxa- and 1:3:5-trioxa-cycloalkanes, J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 580-584. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Tiess, 1984
Tiess, D., Gaschromatographische Retentionsindices von 125 leicht- bis mittelflüchtigen organischen Substanzen toxikologisch-analytischer Relevanz auf SE-30, Wiss. Z. Wilhelm-Pieck-Univ. Rostock Math. Naturwiss. Reihe, 1984, 33, 6-9. [all data]

Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978
Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S., Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192. [all data]

MHA, 9999
MHA, Directorate of ForensicScience., Forensic Toxicology, 9999. [all data]

van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005
van Loon, W.A.M.; Linssen, J.P.H.; Legger, A.; Posthumus, M.A.; Voragen, A.G.J., Identification and olfactometry of French fries flavour extracted at mouth conditions, Food Chem., 2005, 90, 3, 417-425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.05.005 . [all data]

Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 1991
Berdague, J.-L.; Denoyer, C.; Le Quéré, J.-L.; Semon, E., Volatile components of dry-cured ham, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 7, 1257-1261, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00007a012 . [all data]

Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]

Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997
Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technical_series₁997-01-01₁.pdf. [all data]

Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992
Strete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J., Detection and identification of volatile substances by headspace capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning, Analyst, 1992, 117, 7, 1111-1127, https://doi.org/10.1039/an9921701111 . [all data]

Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982
Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J., Detection and Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood by Headspace Gas Chromatography as an Aid to the Diagnosis of Solvent Abuse, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 240, 2, 423-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99622-5 . [all data]

Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1993
Vernin, G.; Metzger, J.; Sultan, A.A.M.; El-Shafei, A.K.; Párkányi, C., Heterocyclic compounds in model systems for the Maillard reaction. Reactions of aldehydes with ammonium sulfide in the presence or absence of acetoin, Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser., 1993, 528, 36-55. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  S°gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔHtrs	Enthalpy of phase transition
  ΔStrs	Entropy of phase transition
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.