3-Phenyl-1-propanol, acetate
- Formula: C11H14O2
- Molecular weight: 178.2277
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: JRJGKUTZNBZHNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 122-72-5
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Benzenepropyl acetate; 1-Propanol, 3-phenyl-, acetate; γ-Phenylpropyl acetate; (3-Acetoxypropyl)benzene; Hydrocinnamyl acetate; 3-Acetoxy-1-phenylpropane; 3-Phenylpropyl acetate; Phenylpropyl acetate; 3-Phenyl-1-propyl acetate; 1-Acetoxy-3-phenylpropane; Benzenepropanol, 1-acetate; Benzenepropanol, acetate; NSC 404453; Acetic acid, 3-phenylpropyl ester
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Data at other public NIST sites:
- Options:
Data at NIST subscription sites:
NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.
Phase change data
Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 500. | K | N/A | Rajyam and Murty, 1974 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 4. K; TRC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
17.8 | 306. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 293. to 333. K.; AC |
13.6 | 402. | N/A | Cihova, Vojtko, et al., 1986 | Based on data from 392. to 516. K.; AC |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Gas Phase Spectrum
Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.
Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.
Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
View spectrum image in SVG format.
Download spectrum in JCAMP-DX format.
Owner | NIST Standard Reference Data Program Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center |
State | gas |
Instrument | HP-GC/MS/IRD |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.
Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-5439 |
NIST MS number | 235029 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 1363. | Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2000 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 225. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 1363. | Jayaprakasha, Jaganmohan Rao, et al., 1997 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1930. | Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 1989 | 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 1388. | Zaikin, 2010 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 15. K/min, 270. C @ 15. min; Tstart: 60. C |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 1341. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002 | 25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 60. C @ 6. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 1345. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002, 2 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 1345. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2001 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min |
Capillary | HP-5 | 1370. | Shalit, Katzir, et al., 2001 | He, 50. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | VF-5MS | 1357. | Carasek and Pawliszyn, 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 200C (2min) => 30C/min => 260C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1373. | Beaulieu and Grimm, 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C (1min) => 5C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 250C (9min) |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 1382. | Bauchot, Mottram, et al., 1998 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, He; Program: 0 0C (8 min) -> (1 min) -> 50 0C (2 min) 2.5 0C/min -> 100 0C 6 0C/min -> 250 0C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax Etr | 1944. | Aubert C. and Pitrat M., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | AT-Wax | 1917. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002, 2 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min |
Capillary | AT-Wax | 1917. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-1 | 1335. | Chen, Sheu, et al., 2006 | Nitrogen, 40. C @ 1. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 9. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | ZB-5 | 1380. | Dötterl and Jürgens, 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 7. min, 6. K/min, 250. C @ 1. min |
Capillary | ZB-5 | 1380. | Dötterl, Wolfe, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 7. min, 6. K/min, 250. C @ 1. min |
Capillary | HP-1 | 1347. | Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 60. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 1359. | Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1365. | Caredda, Marongiu, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 60. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 1373. | Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 1378. | Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | RTX-5 | 1374. | Leela, Vipin, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 60 0C 95 min) 110 0C 3 0C/min -> 200 0C 5 0C/min -> 220 0C 95 min) |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1368. | Soares, Pereira, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 50 0C 2 0C/min -> 70 0C 3 0C/min -> 150 0C 5 0C/min -> 200 0C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1373. | Beaulieu, 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C => 5C/min => 100C => 15C/min => 250C (19C) |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 1364. | Maia, Andrade, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 2C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 260C |
Capillary | SE-30 | 1347. | Vinogradov, 2004 | Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1971. | Hayata, Sakamoto, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1941. | Paniandy, Chane-Ming, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 230. C |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1947.4 | Chyau, Chen, et al., 1992 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.22 μm, H2, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1936. | Sampaio, Garruti, et al., 2011 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 35 0C (9 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 1 0C/min -> 100 0C 16 0C/min -> 210 0C (20 min) |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1926. | Vinogradov, 2004 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1965. | Baser, Demirci, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 10 K/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1K/min -> 240 0C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1919. | Paniandy, Chane-Ming, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Rajyam and Murty, 1974
Rajyam, B.; Murty, C.R.K.,
Study of Dielectric Relazation & Measurement of Dipole Moments of Esters Part III. Acetates and Acetoacetates,
Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1974, 12, 692-6. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Cihova, Vojtko, et al., 1986
Cihova, M.; Vojtko, J.; Ilavsky, J.,
Petrochemia, 1986, 26, 69. [all data]
Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2000
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Rao, L.J.M.; Sakariah, K.K.,
Chemical composition of the flower oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 9, 4294-4295, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf991395c
. [all data]
Jayaprakasha, Jaganmohan Rao, et al., 1997
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Jaganmohan Rao, L.; Sakariah, K.K.,
Chemical composition of the volatile oil from the fruits of Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume,
Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 5, 331-333, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199709/10)12:5<331::AID-FFJ663>3.0.CO;2-X
. [all data]
Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 1989
Nishimura, O.; Yamaguchi, K.; Mihara, S.; Shibamoto, T.,
Volatile Constituents of Guava Fruits (Psidium guajava L.) and Canned Puree,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 1, 139-142, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00085a033
. [all data]
Zaikin, 2010
Zaikin, V.G.,
Personal communication: Retention indices measured during 2010, 2010. [all data]
Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Quert, R.; García, H.,
Study of essential oils of Eucalyptus resinifera Smith, E. tereticornis Smith and Corymbia maculata (Hook.) K.D. Hill L.A.S. Johnson, grown in Cuba,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 1, 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1026
. [all data]
Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002, 2
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Vázquez, C.,
Characterization of volatile in Cosa Rican Guava [Psidium friedrichsthalianum (Berg) Niedenzu] fruit,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 21, 6023-6026, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011456i
. [all data]
Pino, Marbot, et al., 2001
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Vázquez, C.,
Characterization of volatiles in strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum Sabine) fruit,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 12, 5883-5887, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010414r
. [all data]
Shalit, Katzir, et al., 2001
Shalit, M.; Katzir, N.; Tadmor, Y.; Larkov, O.; Burger, Y.; Shalekhet, F.; Lastochkin, E.; Ravid, U.; Amar, O.; Edelstein, M.; Karchi, Z.; Lewinsohn, E.,
Acetyl-CoA: alcohol acetyltransferase activity and aroma formation in ripening melon fruits,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 2, 794-799, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf001075p
. [all data]
Carasek and Pawliszyn, 2006
Carasek, E.; Pawliszyn, J.,
Screening of Tropical Fruit Volatile Compounds Using Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) Fibers and Internally Cooled SPME Fiber,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 23, 8688-8696, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0613942
. [all data]
Beaulieu and Grimm, 2001
Beaulieu, J.C.; Grimm, C.C.,
Identification of volatile compounds in cantaloupe at various developmental stages using solid phase microextraction,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 3, 1345-1352, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0005768
. [all data]
Bauchot, Mottram, et al., 1998
Bauchot, A.D.; Mottram, D.S.; Dodson, A.T.; John, P.,
Effect of aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase antisense gene on the formation of volatile esters in cantaloupe charentais melon (Cv. Védrandais),
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 11, 4787-4792, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980692z
. [all data]
Aubert C. and Pitrat M., 2006
Aubert C.; Pitrat M.,
Volatile compounds in the skin and pulp of Queen Anne's pocket melon,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 21, 8177-8182, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf061415s
. [all data]
Chen, Sheu, et al., 2006
Chen, H.-C.; Sheu, M.-J.; Wu, C.-M.,
Characterization of Volatiles in Guava (Psidium guajava L. cv. Chung-Shan-Yueh-Pa) Fruit from Taiwan,
J. Food Drug. Anal., 2006, 14, 4, 398-402. [all data]
Dötterl and Jürgens, 2005
Dötterl, S.; Jürgens, A.,
Spatial fragrance patterns in flowers of Silene latifolia: Lilac compounds as olfactory nectar guides?,
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2005, 255, 1-2, 99-109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-005-0344-2
. [all data]
Dötterl, Wolfe, et al., 2005
Dötterl, S.; Wolfe, L.M.; Jürgens, A.,
Qualitative and quantitative analyses of flower scent in Silene latifolia,
Phytochemistry, 2005, 66, 2, 203-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.12.002
. [all data]
Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005
Fernandez, X.; Lizzani-Cuvelier, L.; Loiseau, A.-M.; Perichet, C.; Delbecque, C.; Arnaudo, J.-F.,
Chemical composition of the essential oils from Turkish and Honduras Styrax,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 1, 70-73, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1370
. [all data]
Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2003
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Rao, L.J.M.; Sakariah, K.K.,
Volatile constituents from Cinnamomum zeylanicum fruit stalks and their antioxidant activities,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 15, 4344-4348, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034169i
. [all data]
Caredda, Marongiu, et al., 2002
Caredda, A.; Marongiu, B.; Porcedda, S.; Soro, C.,
Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and characterization of Laurus nobilis essential oil,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 6, 1492-1496, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0108563
. [all data]
Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012
Robinson, A.L.; Adams, D.O.; Boss, P.K.; Heymann, H.; Solomon, P.S.; Trengove, R.D.,
Influence of geographic origine on the sensory characteristics and wine composition of Vitus viniferas cv. Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Australia (Supplemental data),
Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 2012, 64, 4, 467-476, https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2012.12023
. [all data]
Leela, Vipin, et al., 2009
Leela, N.K.; Vipin, T.M.; Shafeekh, K.M.; Priyanka, V.; Rema, J.,
Chemical composition of essential oils from aerial parts of Cinnamomum malabatrum (Burman f.) Bercht Presl.,
Flavor Fragr. J., 2009, 24, 1, 13-16, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1910
. [all data]
Soares, Pereira, et al., 2007
Soares, F.D.; Pereira, T.; Marques, M.O.M.; Monteiro, A.R.,
Volatile and Non-volatile Chemical Composition of the White Guava fruit (Psidium guaiava) at different Stages of Maturity,
Food Chem., 2007, 100, 1, 15-21, retrieved from http://www.aseanfood.info/Articles/11016448.pdf, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.07.061
. [all data]
Beaulieu, 2005
Beaulieu, J.C.,
Within-Season Volatile and Quality Differences in Stored Fresh-Cut Cantaloupe Cultivars,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 22, 8679-8687, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf050241w
. [all data]
Maia, Andrade, et al., 2004
Maia, J.G.S.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.,
Aroma volatiles from two fruit varieties of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.),
Food Chem., 2004, 85, 2, 195-197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00292-9
. [all data]
Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A.,
Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]
Hayata, Sakamoto, et al., 2002
Hayata, Y.; Sakamoto, T.; Kozuka, H.; Sakamoto, K.; Osajima, Y.,
Analysis of aromatic volatile compounds in 'Miyabi' melon (Cucumis melo L.) using the Porapak Q column,
J. Jpn. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 2002, 71, 4, 517-525, https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.71.517
. [all data]
Paniandy, Chane-Ming, et al., 2000
Paniandy, J.-C.; Chane-Ming, J.; Pierbattesti, J.-C.,
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil and Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of the Guava Fruit (Psidium guajava L.),
J. Essent. Oil Res., 2000, 12, 153-158. [all data]
Chyau, Chen, et al., 1992
Chyau, C.-C.; Chen, S.-Y.; Wu, C.-M.,
Differences of volatile and nonvolatile constituents between mature and ripe guave (Psidium guajava Linn) fruits,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1992, 40, 5, 846-849, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00017a028
. [all data]
Sampaio, Garruti, et al., 2011
Sampaio, K.S.; Garruti, D.S.; Franco, M.R.B.; Janzantti, N.S.; Da Silva, M.A.AP.,
Aroma volatiles recovered in the water phase of cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L.) juice during concentration,
J. Sci. Food Agric., 2011, 91, 10, 1801-1809, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4385
. [all data]
Baser, Demirci, et al., 2001
Baser, K.H.C.; Demirci, B.; Tabanca, N.; Özek, T.; Gören, N.,
Composition of the essential oils of Tanacetum armenum (DC.) Schultz Bip., T. balsamita L., T. chiliophyllum (Fisch. Mey.) Schultz Bip. var. chiliophyllum and T. haradjani (Rech. fil.) Grierson and the enantiomeric distribution of camphor and carvone,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 3, 195-200, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.977
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tboil Boiling point ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.