Benzene, 1-methyl-2,4-dinitro-
- Formula: C7H6N2O4
- Molecular weight: 182.1335
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 121-14-2
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Toluene, 2,4-dinitro-; 2,4-Dinitrotoluene; 2,4-DNT; 1-Methyl-2,4-Dinitrobenzene; 2,4-Dinitrotoluol; NCI-C01865; Rcra waste number U105; Dinitrotoluol; 6-Methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene; 4-Methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene; NSC 7194
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tfus | 341. | K | N/A | Hwang, Tamura, et al., 1990 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC |
Tfus | 344.3 | K | N/A | Lenchitz and Velicky, 1970 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC |
Tfus | 345. | K | N/A | David, 1964 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC |
Tfus | 343. | K | N/A | Sorum and Durand, 1952 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC |
Tfus | 340. | K | N/A | Tammann, 1913 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔsubH° | 99.6 ± 2.5 | kJ/mol | N/A | Pedley and Rylance, 1977 | See also Lenchitz and Velicky, 1970.; AC |
ΔsubH° | 100. ± 1. | kJ/mol | V | Lenchitz, Velicky, et al., 1971 | ALS |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
76.9 | 359. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 344. to 572. K.; AC |
58.2 | 488. | N/A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 473. to 572. K. See also Maksimov, 1968 and Kkykj and Repas, 1973.; AC |
70.2 | 354. to 439. | N/A | Pella, 1977 | See also Molard, 1958.; AC |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
473. to 572. | 3.66486 | 1695.68 | -131.199 | Maksimov, 1968, 2 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of sublimation
ΔsubH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
94.7 ± 2.3 | 270. to 315. | ME | Freedman, Kebabian, et al., 2008 | AC |
98.3 ± 2.5 | 337. | ME | Pedley and Rylance, 1977 | Based on data from 332. to 342. K. See also Lenchitz and Velicky, 1970.; AC |
95.8 ± 1.3 | 310. | GS | Pella, 1976 | Based on data from 277. to 344. K. See also Pella, 1977.; AC |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
20.12 | 343.3 | Acree, 1991 | AC |
20.900 | 345. | David, 1964, 2 | Temperature not measured.; DH |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
61. | 345. | David, 1964, 2 | Temperature; DH |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 140. | 1549.11 | Hobbs and Conde, 1992 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | DB-5 | 140. | 1550.09 | Hobbs and Conde, 1992 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | OV-101 | 1497. | Alley and Dykes, 1972 | 6. K/min; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 220. C |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 1537. | Staples, 2005 | Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 1531.81 | Hobbs and Conde, 1992 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1541.10 | Hobbs and Conde, 1992 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 300. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | ZB-1 | 1498. | Harvey and Wenzel, 2009 | 15. m/0.25 mm/0.10 μm, Helium, 4. K/min, 185. C @ 15. min; Tstart: 35. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 1537. | Staples, 2004 | He; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1537. | Staples, 2004 | He; Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Superox 0.6; Carbowax 20M | 2420. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | Carbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc. | 2420. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5MS | 262.61 | Chen, Keeran, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, 40. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 261.8 | Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 1993 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 285. C @ 29.5 min |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Hwang, Tamura, et al., 1990
Hwang, D.-R.; Tamura, M.; Yoshida, T.; Tanaka, N.; Hosoya, F.,
Estimation of ΔH°f of nitro derivatives of benzene and toluene using AM1 and DSC,
J. Energ. Mater., 1990, 8, 85-98. [all data]
Lenchitz and Velicky, 1970
Lenchitz, Charles; Velicky, Rodolf W.,
Vapor pressure and heat of sublimation of three nitrotoluenes,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1970, 15, 3, 401-403, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60046a022
. [all data]
David, 1964
David, D.J.,
Determination of specific heats and heats of fusion by differential thermal analysis (d.t.a.) study of theory and operating parameters,
Anal. Chem., 1964, 36, 2162. [all data]
Sorum and Durand, 1952
Sorum, C.H.; Durand, E.A.,
The Melting of Binary Eutectics,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 1071. [all data]
Tammann, 1913
Tammann, G.,
Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Goettingen, Math.-Phys. Kl., 1913, 1913, 335. [all data]
Pedley and Rylance, 1977
Pedley, J.B.; Rylance, J.,
, Computer Analysed Thermochemical Data: Organic and Organometallic Compounds, University of Sussex, Brighton, 1977. [all data]
Lenchitz, Velicky, et al., 1971
Lenchitz, C.; Velicky, R.W.; Silvestro, G.; Schlosberg, L.P.,
Thermodynamic properties of several nitrotoluenes,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1971, 3, 689-692. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Maksimov, 1968
Maksimov, Y.Y.,
Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 42, 11, 1550. [all data]
Kkykj and Repas, 1973
Kkykj, J.; Repas, M.,
Petrochemia, 1973, 13, 179. [all data]
Pella, 1977
Pella, Peter A.,
Measurement of the vapor pressures of tnt, 2,4-dnt, 2,6-dnt, and egdn,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1977, 9, 4, 301-305, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(77)90049-0
. [all data]
Molard, 1958
Molard, L.,
Mem. Poudres, 1958, 40, 13. [all data]
Maksimov, 1968, 2
Maksimov, Yu,
Steam Pressures of Nitroaromatic Compouds at Different Temperatures,
Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1968, 42, 2921-2925. [all data]
Freedman, Kebabian, et al., 2008
Freedman, Andrew; Kebabian, Paul L.; Li, Ziman; Robinson, Wade A.; Wormhoudt, Joda C.,
Apparatus for determination of vapor pressures at ambient temperatures employing a Knudsen effusion cell and quartz crystal microbalance,
Meas. Sci. Technol., 2008, 19, 12, 125102, https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/19/12/125102
. [all data]
Pella, 1976
Pella, Peter A.,
Generator for producing trace vapor concentrations of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, and ethylene glycol dinitrate for calibrating explosives vapor detectors,
Anal. Chem., 1976, 48, 11, 1632-1637, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50005a054
. [all data]
Acree, 1991
Acree, William E.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds: enthalpy of fusion and melting point temperature compilation,
Thermochimica Acta, 1991, 189, 1, 37-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)87098-H
. [all data]
David, 1964, 2
David, D.J.,
Determination of specific heat and heat of fusion by differential thermal analysis. Study of theory and operating parameters,
Anal. Chem., 1964, 36, 2162-2166. [all data]
Hobbs and Conde, 1992
Hobbs, J.R.; Conde, E.P.,
Gas chromatographic retention indices of explosives and nitro-compounds
in Advances in Analysis and Detection of Explosives: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Analysis of Detection of Explosives, September 7-10, 1992, Jerusalem Israel, J. Yinon, ed(s)., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1992, 153-164. [all data]
Alley and Dykes, 1972
Alley, B.J.; Dykes, H.W.H.,
Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Nitrate Esters,Stabilizers and Plasticizers in Nitrocellulose-Base Propellants,
J. Chromatogr., 1972, 71, 1, 23-37, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)85687-9
. [all data]
Staples, 2005
Staples, E.J.,
Ultrahigh-speed chromatography and virtual chemical sensors for detecting explosives and chemical warfare agents,
IEEE Sens. J., 2005, 5, 4, 622-631, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2005.850990
. [all data]
Harvey and Wenzel, 2009
Harvey, S.D.; Wenzel, T.J.,
Selective retention of explosives and related compounds on gas-chromatographic capillary columns coated with lanthanide(III) beta-diketonate polymers,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2009, 1216, 36, 6417-6423, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.07.008
. [all data]
Staples, 2004
Staples, E.J.,
Analysis of odors from explosives using an electronic nose, 2004, retrieved from http://www.estcal.com/TechPapers/OdorsofExplosives.doc. [all data]
Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W.,
Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]
Chen, Keeran, et al., 2002
Chen, P.H.; Keeran, W.S.; Van Ausdale, W.A.; Schindler, D.R.; Roberts, D.W.,
Application of Lee retention indices to the confirmation of tentatively identified compounds from GC/MS analysis of environmental samples, Technical paper, Analytical Services Division, Environmental ScienceEngineering, Inc, PO Box 1703, Gainesville, FL 32602, 2002, 11. [all data]
Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 1993
Donnelly, J.R.; Abdel-Hamid, M.S.; Jeter, J.L.; Gurka, D.F.,
Application of gas chromatographic retention properties to the identification of environmental contaminants,
J. Chromatogr., 1993, 642, 1-2, 409-415, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80106-I
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔsubH Enthalpy of sublimation ΔsubH° Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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