Anthracene

Formula: C₁₄H₁₀
Molecular weight: 178.2292
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C14H10/c1-2-6-12-10-14-8-4-3-7-13(14)9-11(12)5-1/h1-10H
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 120-12-7
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Isotopologues:
- Anthracene-D10-
Other names: Anthracin; Green Oil; Paranaphthalene; Tetra Olive N2G; Anthracene oil; p-Naphthalene; Anthracen; Coal tar pitch volatiles:anthracene; Sterilite hop defoliant
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
Data at other public NIST sites:
Options:
- Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_gas	53. ± 4.	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

C_p,gas (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
9.890	50.	Dorofeeva O.V., 1988	S(T) values calculated by [ Kudchadker S.A., 1979] are 3.6-4.1 J/molK greater than recommended ones. Cp(T) values from two calculations agree within 0.3 J/molK. Recommended values are also reproduced in the reference book [ Frenkel M., 1994].; GT
14.68	100.
20.98	150.
28.334	200.
40.093	273.15
44.15 ± 0.24	298.15
44.453	300.
59.689	400.
72.395	500.
82.550	600.
90.662	700.
97.237	800.
102.65	900.
107.15	1000.
110.94	1100.
114.14	1200.
116.88	1300.
119.22	1400.
121.23	1500.

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	613.2	K	N/A	Weast and Grasselli, 1989	BS
T_boil	613.0	K	N/A	Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982	BS
T_boil	613.1	K	N/A	Burriel, 1931	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC
T_boil	613.	K	N/A	Kirby, 1921	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 5. K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_fus	490. ± 3.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 27 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_triple	488.93	K	N/A	Goursot, Girdhar, et al., 1970	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_vapH°	18.8	kcal/mol	CGC	Zhao, Unhannanant, et al., 2008	AC
Δ_vapH°	19.0 ± 0.29	kcal/mol	GC	Haftka, Parsons, et al., 2006	Based on data from 413. to 473. K.; AC
Δ_vapH°	18.9	kcal/mol	CGC	Puri, Chickos, et al., 2001	AC
Δ_vapH°	19.1	kcal/mol	CGC	Chickos, Hesse, et al., 1998	AC
Δ_vapH°	19.0	kcal/mol	CGC	Chickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995	Based on data from 453. to 503. K.; AC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_subH°	23. ± 3.	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 12 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
15.9	498.	N/A	Rojas and Orozco, 2003	See also Hanshaw, Nutt, et al., 2008.; AC
17.3	398.	GC	Lei, Chankalal, et al., 2002	Based on data from 323. to 473. K.; AC
16.7	398.	GC	Hinckley, Bidleman, et al., 1990	Based on data from 343. to 453. K.; AC
14.0	519.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 504. to 615. K.; AC
14.8	500.	N/A	Kudchadker, Kudchadker, et al., 1979	See also Hanshaw, Nutt, et al., 2008.; AC
14.1	558.	I	Mortimer and Murphy, 1923	Based on data from 500. to 616. K.; AC
14.4	515.	I	Mortimer and Murphy, 1923	Based on data from 500. to 616. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC
14.2	555.	I	NELSON and SENSEMAN, 1922	Based on data from 496. to 614. K.; AC
14.5	511.	I	NELSON and SENSEMAN, 1922	Based on data from 496. to 614. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
496.4 to 613.8	4.72426	2759.53	-30.753	Mortimer and Murphy, 1923	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

Δ_subH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
23.4 ± 0.1	320. to 355.	ME	Oja, Chen, et al., 2009	AC
23.5 ± 0.2	320. to 350.	ME	Oja, Chen, et al., 2009	AC
23.3 ± 0.31	369.	ME	Siddiqi, Siddiqui, et al., 2009	Based on data from 339. to 399. K.; AC
22.8 ± 0.29	337.	N/A	Chen, Oja, et al., 2006	Based on data from 320. to 354. K.; AC
21.8	338.	GS	Grayson and Fosbraey, 2006	Based on data from 323. to 353. K.; AC
23.6 ± 0.1	350.	ME	Ribeiro da Silva, Monte, et al., 2006	Based on data from 340. to 360. K.; AC
24.50 ± 0.45	358.	ME	Verevkin, 2004	Based on data from 348. to 368. K.; AC
23. ± 1.	283. to 323.	LE	McEachern and Sandoval, 2001	AC
22.6	423. to 488.	MEM	Emmenegger and Piccand, 1999	AC
24.50	338. to 353.	ME	Kloc and Laudise, 1998	AC
23.90 ± 0.67	341.	ME	Oja and Suuberg, 1998	Based on data from 318. to 363. K.; AC
23.8	383.	GS	Nass, Lenoir, et al., 1995	Based on data from 313. to 453. K.; AC
24.52	338.	GS	Hansen and Eckert, 1986	Based on data from 313. to 363. K.; AC
23.6	346.	GS	Rordorf, 1986	Based on data from 318. to 373. K.; AC
22.5	353. to 399.	GS	Bender, Bieling, et al., 1983	AC
21.9 ± 0.2	303.	GS	Sonnefeld, Zoller, et al., 1983	Based on data from 283. to 323. K.; AC
22.7	376.	GS	Macknick and Prausnitz, 1979	Based on data from 358. to 393. K.; AC
23.6 ± 0.1	363. to 448.	HSA	Dygdala, Stefanski, et al., 1977	AC
23.2	328. to 372.	ME	Taylor and Crookes, 1976	AC
24.1 ± 0.1	353. to 432.	ME	Malaspina, 1973	AC
23.8	393.	C	Malaspina, 1973	AC
20.1	290. to 358.	ME,C	Wiedemann, 1972	See also Beech and Lintonbon, 1971.; AC
23.54	342.	V	Kelley and Rice, 1964	ALS
23.5 ± 0.50	342. to 359.	N/A	Kelley and Rice, 1964, 2	See also Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; AC
22. ± 0.31	337.	TE	Budurov, 1960	Based on data from 327. to 346. K.; AC
24.71 ± 0.69	303. to 373.	N/A	Hoyer and Peperle, 1958	See also Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; AC
24.70 ± 0.70	303.	V	Hoyer and Peperle, 1958, 2	Reanalyzed by Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986, Original value = 24.3 kcal/mol; ALS
24.40 ± 0.50	338. to 353.	N/A	Bradley and Cleasby, 1953	See also Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; AC
24.40	346.	N/A	Bradley and Cleasby, 1953, 2	Based on data from 339. to 353. K.; AC
24.400	338.7	V	Bradley and Cleasby, 1953, 3	ALS
23.3 ± 0.5	396. to 421.	HSA	Stevens, 1953	AC
23.3 ± 0.5	396.	V	Stevens, 1953, 2	ALS
22.0 ± 0.50	364.	ME	Inokuchi, Shiba, et al., 1952	AC
21.6	353.	ME	Inokuchi, 1951	AC
23.3 ± 0.29	378. to 398.	RG	Sears and Hopke, 1949	AC
22.3 ± 1.0	353.	N/A	Wolf and Weghofer, 1938	AC
22.3 ± 0.2	353.	V	Wolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2	ALS

Enthalpy of fusion

Δ_fusH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
7.0201	488.93	N/A	Goursot, Girdhar, et al., 1970, 2	Note that table of smoothed values indicates Hm = 6485 J/mol and Sm = 251 J/mol*K.; DH
7.12	492.	DSC	Rojas and Orozco, 2003	Based on data from 463. to 503. K.; AC
7.53	491.	DSC	Storoniak, Krzyminski, et al., 2003	AC
6.88	489.4	DSC	Lisicki and Jamróz, 2000	AC
7.020	488.9	N/A	Domalski and Hearing, 1996	AC
6.8905	490.	N/A	Ueberreiter and Orthmann, 1950	DH
6.9001	489.7	N/A	Hildebrand, Duschak, et al., 1917	DH

Entropy of fusion

Δ_fusS (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
14.36	488.93	Goursot, Girdhar, et al., 1970, 2	Note; DH
13.9	490.	Ueberreiter and Orthmann, 1950	DH
14.1	489.7	Hildebrand, Duschak, et al., 1917	DH

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔH_trs (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Initial Phase	Final Phase	Reference	Comment
6.9312	490.6	crystaline, I	liquid	Radomska and Radomski, 1980	DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔS_trs (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Initial Phase	Final Phase	Reference	Comment
14.1	490.6	crystaline, I	liquid	Radomska and Radomski, 1980	DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Henry's Law data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

k°_H (mol/(kg*bar))	d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) (K)	Method	Reference
15.		X	N/A
35.	4000.	X	N/A
17.		L	N/A
1.4		M	N/A
56.		V	N/A

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Notes

Dorofeeva O.V., 1988
Dorofeeva O.V., Thermodynamic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Gaseous Phase. Institute for High Temperatures, USSR Academy of Sciences, Preprint No.1-238 (in Russian), Moscow, 1988. [all data]

Kudchadker S.A., 1979
Kudchadker S.A., Chemical thermodynamic properties of anthracene and phenathrene, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1979, 11, 1051-1059. [all data]

Frenkel M., 1994
Frenkel M., Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds in the Gas State, Vol. I, II, Thermodynamics Research Center, College Station, Texas, 1994, 1994. [all data]

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982
Buckingham, J.; Donaghy, S.M., Dictionary of Organic Compounds: Fifth Edition, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1982, 1. [all data]

Burriel, 1931
Burriel, F., Physico-Chemical Study of Some Solid Organic Compounds at Ordinary Temperatures, and Their COrrelationo with Temperature, An. R. Soc. Esp. Fis. Quim., 1931, 29, 89. [all data]

Kirby, 1921
Kirby, W., Determination of the Melting and Boiling Points of Anthracene, Phenanthrene and Carbazole, J. Soc. Chem. Ind., London, Trans. Commun., 1921, 40, 274T. [all data]

Goursot, Girdhar, et al., 1970
Goursot, P.; Girdhar, H.L.; Westrum, E.F., Thermodynamics of Polynuclear Aromatic Molecules III. Heat Capacities and Enthalpies of Fusion of Anthracene, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 2538. [all data]

Zhao, Unhannanant, et al., 2008
Zhao, Hui; Unhannanant, Patamaporn; Hanshaw, William; Chickos, James S., Enthalpies of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures of Some Deuterated Hydrocarbons. Liquid-Vapor Pressure Isotope Effects, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2008, 53, 7, 1545-1556, https://doi.org/10.1021/je800091s . [all data]

Haftka, Parsons, et al., 2006
Haftka, Joris J.H.; Parsons, John R.; Govers, Harrie A.J., Supercooled liquid vapour pressures and related thermodynamic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined by gas chromatography, Journal of Chromatography A, 2006, 1135, 1, 91-100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.09.050 . [all data]

Puri, Chickos, et al., 2001
Puri, Swati; Chickos, James S.; Welsh, William J., Determination of Vaporization Enthalpies of Polychlorinated Biphenyls by Correlation Gas Chromatography, Anal. Chem., 2001, 73, 7, 1480-1484, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac001246p . [all data]

Chickos, Hesse, et al., 1998
Chickos, James; Hesse, Donald; Hosseini, Sarah; Nichols, Gary; Webb, Paul, Sublimation enthalpies at 298.15K using correlation gas chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry measurements, Thermochimica Acta, 1998, 313, 2, 101-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(97)00432-2 . [all data]

Chickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995
Chickos, James S.; Hosseini, Sarah; Hesse, Donald G., Determination of vaporization enthalpies of simple organic molecules by correlations of changes in gas chromatographic net retention times, Thermochimica Acta, 1995, 249, 41-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(95)90670-3 . [all data]

Rojas and Orozco, 2003
Rojas, Aarón; Orozco, Eulogio, Measurement of the enthalpies of vaporization and sublimation of solids aromatic hydrocarbons by differential scanning calorimetry, Thermochimica Acta, 2003, 405, 1, 93-107, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00139-4 . [all data]

Hanshaw, Nutt, et al., 2008
Hanshaw, William; Nutt, Marjorie; Chickos, James S., Hypothetical Thermodynamic Properties. Subcooled Vaporization Enthalpies and Vapor Pressures of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2008, 53, 8, 1903-1913, https://doi.org/10.1021/je800300x . [all data]

Lei, Chankalal, et al., 2002
Lei, Ying Duan; Chankalal, Raymond; Chan, Anita; Wania, Frank, Supercooled Liquid Vapor Pressures of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2002, 47, 4, 801-806, https://doi.org/10.1021/je0155148 . [all data]

Hinckley, Bidleman, et al., 1990
Hinckley, Daniel A.; Bidleman, Terry F.; Foreman, William T.; Tuschall, Jack R., Determination of vapor pressures for nonpolar and semipolar organic compounds from gas chromatograhic retention data, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1990, 35, 3, 232-237, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00061a003 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Kudchadker, Kudchadker, et al., 1979
Kudchadker, Shanti A.; Kudchadker, Arvind P.; Zwolinski, Bruno J., Chemical thermodynamic properties of anthracene and phenanthrene, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1979, 11, 11, 1051-1059, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(79)90135-6 . [all data]

Mortimer and Murphy, 1923
Mortimer, F. Spencer.; Murphy, Ray v., The Vapor Pressures of Some Substances Found in Coal Tar., Ind. Eng. Chem., 1923, 15, 11, 1140-1142, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50167a012 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

NELSON and SENSEMAN, 1922
NELSON, O.A.; SENSEMAN, C.E., Vapor Pressure Determinations on Naphthalene, Anthracene, Phecanthrene, and Anthraquinone between Their Melting and Boiling Points, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 1922, 14, 1, 58-62, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50145a028 . [all data]

Oja, Chen, et al., 2009
Oja, Vahur; Chen, Xu; Hajaligol, Mohammad R.; Chan, W. Geoffrey, Sublimation Thermodynamic Parameters for Cholesterol, Ergosterol, β-Sitosterol, and Stigmasterol, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2009, 54, 3, 730-734, https://doi.org/10.1021/je800395m . [all data]

Siddiqi, Siddiqui, et al., 2009
Siddiqi, M. Aslam; Siddiqui, Rehan A.; Atakan, Burak, Thermal Stability, Sublimation Pressures, and Diffusion Coefficients of Anthracene, Pyrene, and Some Metal β-Diketonates, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2009, 54, 10, 2795-2802, https://doi.org/10.1021/je9001653 . [all data]

Chen, Oja, et al., 2006
Chen, Xu; Oja, Vahur; Chan, W. Geoffrey; Hajaligol, Mohammad R., Vapor Pressure Characterization of Several Phenolics and Polyhydric Compounds by Knudsen Effusion Method, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2006, 51, 2, 386-391, https://doi.org/10.1021/je050293h . [all data]

Grayson and Fosbraey, 2006
Grayson, B. Terence; Fosbraey, Lynda A., Determination of the vapour pressure of pesticides, Pestic. Sci., 2006, 13, 3, 269-278, https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780130308 . [all data]

Ribeiro da Silva, Monte, et al., 2006
Ribeiro da Silva, Manuel A.V.; Monte, Manuel J.S.; Santos, Luís M.N.B.F., The design, construction, and testing of a new Knudsen effusion apparatus, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2006, 38, 6, 778-787, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2005.08.013 . [all data]

Verevkin, 2004
Verevkin, Sergey P., Vapor pressure measurements on fluorene and methyl-fluorenes, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2004, 225, 145-152, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2004.08.037 . [all data]

McEachern and Sandoval, 2001
McEachern, D.M.; Sandoval, O., A molecular flow evaporation apparatus for measuring vapour pressures and heats of sublimation of organic compounds, J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 2001, 6, 2, 155-161, https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/6/2/026 . [all data]

Emmenegger and Piccand, 1999
Emmenegger, F.; Piccand, M., Organometallics, 1999, 57, 1, 235-240, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010100531350 . [all data]

Kloc and Laudise, 1998
Kloc, Ch.; Laudise, R.A., Vapor pressures of organic semiconductors:, Journal of Crystal Growth, 1998, 193, 4, 563-571, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0248(98)00467-9 . [all data]

Oja and Suuberg, 1998
Oja, Vahur; Suuberg, Eric M., Vapor Pressures and Enthalpies of Sublimation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1998, 43, 3, 486-492, https://doi.org/10.1021/je970222l . [all data]

Nass, Lenoir, et al., 1995
Nass, Karen; Lenoir, Dieter; Kettrup, Antonius, Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by an Incremental Procedure, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1995, 34, 16, 1735-1736, https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199517351 . [all data]

Hansen and Eckert, 1986
Hansen, Philip C.; Eckert, Charles A., An improved transpiration method for the measurement of very low vapor pressures, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1986, 31, 1, 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00043a001 . [all data]

Rordorf, 1986
Rordorf, Berchtold F., Thermal properties of dioxins, furans and related compounds, Chemosphere, 1986, 15, 9-12, 1325-1332, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(86)90407-8 . [all data]

Bender, Bieling, et al., 1983
Bender, R.; Bieling, V.; Maurer, G., The vapour pressures of solids: anthracene, hydroquinone, and resorcinol, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1983, 15, 6, 585-594, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(83)90058-7 . [all data]

Sonnefeld, Zoller, et al., 1983
Sonnefeld, W.J.; Zoller, W.H.; May, W.E., Dynamic coupled-column liquid-chromatographic determination of ambient-temperature vapor pressures of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Anal. Chem., 1983, 55, 2, 275-280, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00253a022 . [all data]

Macknick and Prausnitz, 1979
Macknick, A. Brian; Prausnitz, John M., Vapor pressures of high-molecular-weight hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1979, 24, 3, 175-178, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60082a012 . [all data]

Dygdala, Stefanski, et al., 1977
Dygdala, R.S.; Stefanski, K.; Wonikowski, J., Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci., Ser. Sci., Math., Astron. Phys., 1977, 25, 439. [all data]

Taylor and Crookes, 1976
Taylor, John Watson; Crookes, Roy J., Vapour pressure and enthalpy of sublimation of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetra-azacyclo-octane (HMX), J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1976, 72, 0, 723, https://doi.org/10.1039/f19767200723 . [all data]

Malaspina, 1973
Malaspina, L., Microcalorimetric determination of the enthalpy of sublimation of benzoic acid and anthracene, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 1, 387, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1679817 . [all data]

Wiedemann, 1972
Wiedemann, H.G., Applications of thermogravimetry for vapor pressure determination, Thermochim. Acta, 1972, 355-366. [all data]

Beech and Lintonbon, 1971
Beech, Graham; Lintonbon, Roger M., The measurement of sublimation enthalpies by differential scanning calorimetry, Thermochimica Acta, 1971, 2, 1, 86-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(71)85027-X . [all data]

Kelley and Rice, 1964
Kelley, J.D.; Rice, F.O., The vapor pressures of some polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 3794. [all data]

Kelley and Rice, 1964, 2
Kelley, J. Daniel; Rice, Francis Owen, The Vapor Pressures of Some Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ¹, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 12, 3794-3796, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100794a043 . [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press Inc., London, 1970, 643. [all data]

Budurov, 1960
Budurov, S., Izv. Khim. Inst. Bulg. Akad. Nauk, 1960, 7, 281. [all data]

Hoyer and Peperle, 1958
Hoyer, H.; Peperle, W., Z. Elektrochem., 1958, 62, 61. [all data]

Hoyer and Peperle, 1958, 2
Hoyer, H.; Peperle, W., Dampfdrunkmessungen an organischen substanzen und ihre sublimationswarmen, Z. Electrochem., 1958, 62, 61-66. [all data]

Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986
Pedley, J.B.; Naylor, R.D.; Kirby, S.P., Thermochemical Data of Organic Compounds, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1986, 1-792. [all data]

Bradley and Cleasby, 1953
Bradley, R.S.; Cleasby, T.G., 346. The vapour pressure and lattice energy of hydrogen-bonded crystals. Part I. Oxamide, oxamic acid, and rubeanic acid, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 1681, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9530001681 . [all data]

Bradley and Cleasby, 1953, 2
Bradley, R.S.; Cleasby, T.G., 349. The vapour pressure and lattice energy of some aromatic ring compounds, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 1690, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9530001690 . [all data]

Bradley and Cleasby, 1953, 3
Bradley, R.S.; Cleasby, T.G., The vapour pressure and lattice energy of some aromatic ring compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1953, 1690-16. [all data]

Stevens, 1953
Stevens, B., 591. Vapour pressure and the heats of sublimation of anthracene and of 9: 10-diphenylanthracene, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 2973, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9530002973 . [all data]

Stevens, 1953, 2
Stevens, B., Vapour pressures and the heats of sublimation of anthracene and of 9:10-diphenylanthracene, J. Chem. Soc., 1953, 76, 2973-29. [all data]

Inokuchi, Shiba, et al., 1952
Inokuchi, Hiroo; Shiba, Sukekuni; Handa, Takashi; Akamatu, Hideo, Heats of Sublimation of Condensed Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1952, 25, 5, 299-302, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.25.299 . [all data]

Inokuchi, 1951
Inokuchi, H., J. Chem. Soc. Jpn. Pure Chem. Sect., 1951, 72, 552. [all data]

Sears and Hopke, 1949
Sears, G.W.; Hopke, E.R., Vapor Pressures of Naphthalene, Anthracene and Hexachlorobenzene in a Low Pressure Region, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949, 71, 5, 1632-1634, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01173a026 . [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H.Z., Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. B, 1938, 39, 194. [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H., Uber sublimationswarmen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1938, 39, 194-208. [all data]

Goursot, Girdhar, et al., 1970, 2
Goursot, P.; Girdhar, H.L.; Westrum, E.F., Jr., Thermodynamics of polynuclear aromatic molecules. III. Heat capacities and enthalpies of fusion of anthracene, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 2538-2541. [all data]

Storoniak, Krzyminski, et al., 2003
Storoniak, P.; Krzyminski, K.; Bouzyk, A.; Koval'chuk, E.P.; Blazejowski, J., Melting, volatilisation and crystal lattice enthalpies of acridin-9(10H)-ones, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2003, 74, 2, 443-450, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JTAN.0000005179.91819.6d . [all data]

Lisicki and Jamróz, 2000
Lisicki, Zygmunt; Jamróz, Malgorzata E., (Solid + liquid) equilibria in (polynuclear aromatic+ tertiary amide) systems, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2000, 32, 10, 1335-1353, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.2000.0685 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Ueberreiter and Orthmann, 1950
Ueberreiter, K.; Orthmann, H.-J., Specifische Wärme, spezifisches Volumen, Temperatur- und Wärme-leittähigkeit einiger disubstituierter Benzole und polycyclischer Systeme, Z. Natursforsch. 5a, 1950, 101-108. [all data]

Hildebrand, Duschak, et al., 1917
Hildebrand, J.H.; Duschak, A.D.; Foster, A.H., and Beebe, C.W. The specific heats and heats of fusion of triphenylmethane, anthraquinone and anthracene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1917, 39, 2293-2297. [all data]

Radomska and Radomski, 1980
Radomska, M.; Radomski, R., Calorimetric studies of binary systems of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene with naphthalene, anthracene, and carbazole. I. Phase transitions and heat capacities of the pure components and charge-transfer complexes, Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 40, 405-414. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, References

Symbols used in this document:

C_p,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
T_boil	Boiling point
T_fus	Fusion (melting) point
T_triple	Triple point temperature
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
k°_H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
ΔH_trs	Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔS_trs	Entropy of phase transition
Δ_fH°_gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
Δ_fusH	Enthalpy of fusion
Δ_fusS	Entropy of fusion
Δ_subH	Enthalpy of sublimation
Δ_subH°	Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
Δ_vapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.