n-Hexane

Formula: C₆H₁₄
Molecular weight: 86.1754
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H14/c1-3-5-6-4-2/h3-6H2,1-2H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 110-54-3
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Isotopologues:
- Hexane-d14
- Hexane-d7
Other names: Hexane; Skellysolve B; n-C6H14; Esani; Heksan; Hexanen; Hexyl hydride; Gettysolve-B; NCI-C60571; NSC 68472
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_gas	-167.1	kJ/mol	N/A	Good and Smith, 1969	Value computed using Δ_fH_liquid° value of -198.7±0.7 kj/mol from Good and Smith, 1969 and Δ_vapH° value of 31.6 kj/mol from Prosen and Rossini, 1945.; DRB
Δ_fH°_gas	-167.2 ± 0.79	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1945	ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_gas	388.82 ± 0.84	J/mol*K	N/A	Scott D.W., 1974	This reference does not contain the original experimental data. Experimental entropy value is based on the results [ Messerly J.F., 1967] for S(liquid).; GT

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

C_p,gas (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
110.58	200.	Scott D.W., 1974, 2	Recommended values were obtained from the consistent correlation scheme for alkanes [ Scott D.W., 1974, Scott D.W., 1974, 2]. This approach gives a better agreement with experimental data than the statistical thermodynamics calculation [ Pitzer K.S., 1944, Pitzer K.S., 1946] (see also [ Waddington G., 1949]).; GT
133.55	273.15
142.6 ± 0.2	298.15
143.26	300.
181.54	400.
217.28	500.
248.11	600.
274.05	700.
296.23	800.
315.06	900.
331.37	1000.
345.18	1100.
357.31	1200.
368.19	1300.
376.56	1400.
389.11	1500.

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

C_p,gas (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
156.27 ± 0.31	333.85	Waddington G., 1947	GT
168.28 ± 0.34	365.15
181.17 ± 0.36	398.85
194.10 ± 0.39	433.70
206.94 ± 0.41	468.90

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
MS - José A. Martinho Simões

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

+ = n-Hexane

By formula: H₂ + C₆H₁₂ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-125. ± 3.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 8 values; Individual data points

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-252. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-253.9 ± 2.7	kJ/mol	Chyd	Molnar, Rachford, et al., 1984	liquid phase; solvent: Dioxane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-251.8 ± 1.5	kJ/mol	Chyd	Turner, Mallon, et al., 1973	liquid phase; solvent: Glacial acetic acid; ALS
Δ_rH°	-251.2 ± 0.42	kJ/mol	Chyd	Kistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1936	gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -253.3 ± 0.63 kJ/mol; At 355 °K; ALS

+ = n-Hexane

By formula: H₂ + C₆H₁₂ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-116.1 ± 0.45	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987	liquid phase; ALS
Δ_rH°	-481.2 ± 3.5	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Crooks, 1983	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-111.3 ± 1.1	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Papadimetriou, et al., 1975	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

+ = n-Hexane

By formula: H₂ + C₆H₁₂ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-121.6 ± 0.32	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987	liquid phase; ALS
Δ_rH°	-119.3 ± 1.2	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Papadimetriou, et al., 1975	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-119.5 ± 1.2	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Siddiqui, 1975	liquid phase; solvent: n-Hexane; ALS

+ = n-Hexane

By formula: C₆H₁₂ + H₂ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-117.9 ± 0.73	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987	liquid phase; ALS
Δ_rH°	-117.9 ± 0.82	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Crooks, 1983	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-109.8 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Papadimetriou, et al., 1975	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

+ = n-Hexane

By formula: H₂ + C₆H₁₂ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-119.5 ± 0.69	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987	liquid phase; ALS
Δ_rH°	-119.0 ± 0.78	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Crooks, 1983	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-113.2 ± 0.92	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Papadimetriou, et al., 1975	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

3 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 3H₂ + C₆H₈ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-339. ± 3.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-336.8 ± 1.4	kJ/mol	Chyd	Turner, Mallon, et al., 1973	liquid phase; solvent: Glacial acetic acid; ALS

3 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 3H₂ + C₆H₈ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-335. ± 3.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS
Δ_rH°	-332.3 ± 0.92	kJ/mol	Chyd	Turner, Mallon, et al., 1973	liquid phase; solvent: Glacial acetic acid; ALS

4 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 4H₂ + C₆H₆ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-582.8 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	Chyd	Skinner and Snelson, 1959	liquid phase; solvent: Acetic acid; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -583.2 ± 4.2 kJ/mol; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-226. ± 1.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-221. ± 1.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-219. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-244. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-241. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-215. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-211. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Fang and Rogers, 1992	liquid phase; solvent: Cyclohexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-264. ± 0.8	kJ/mol	Chyd	Roth, Kirmse, et al., 1982	liquid phase; solvent: Isooctane; ALS

4 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 4H₂ + C₆H₆ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-522. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Roth, Hopf, et al., 1994	liquid phase; solvent: Isooctane; ALS

C₅O₅W (g) + n-Hexane (g) = C₁₁H₁₄O₅W (g)

By formula: C₅O₅W (g) + C₆H₁₄ (g) = C₁₁H₁₄O₅W (g)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-45. ± 13.	kJ/mol	EqG	Brown, Ishikawa, et al., 1990	Temperature range: ca. 300-350 K; MS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-289.4 ± 0.46	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Dagdagan, et al., 1979	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-272.4 ± 1.2	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Dagdagan, et al., 1979	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

2 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₆H₁₀ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-275. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Dagdagan, et al., 1979	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

n-Hexane =

By formula: C₆H₁₄ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-5.44 ± 0.88	kJ/mol	Ciso	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Calculated from ΔHc; ALS

n-Hexane =

By formula: C₆H₁₄ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-3.2 ± 0.79	kJ/mol	Ciso	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Calculated from ΔHc; ALS

n-Hexane =

By formula: C₆H₁₄ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-8.20 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	Ciso	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Calculated from ΔHc; ALS

n-Hexane =

By formula: C₆H₁₄ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-14.6 ± 0.75	kJ/mol	Ciso	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Calculated from ΔHc; ALS

5 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 5H₂ + C₆H₄ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-705. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Roth, Adamczak, et al., 1991	liquid phase; ALS

5 + = n-Hexane

By formula: 5H₂ + C₆H₄ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-709. ± 2.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Roth, Adamczak, et al., 1991	liquid phase; ALS

3 + C₆H₈ = n-Hexane

By formula: 3H₂ + C₆H₈ = C₆H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-432. ± 1.	kJ/mol	Chyd	Roth, Adamczak, et al., 1991	liquid phase; ALS

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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NIST MS number	19379

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References

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Good and Smith, 1969
Good, W.D.; Smith, N.K., Enthalpies of combustion of toluene, benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, methylcyclopentane, 1-methylcyclopentene, and n-hexane, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1969, 14, 102-106. [all data]

Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion and formation of the paraffin hydrocarbons at 25° C, J. Res. NBS, 1945, 263-267. [all data]

Scott D.W., 1974
Scott D.W., Correlation of the chemical thermodynamic properties of alkane hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 3144-3165. [all data]

Messerly J.F., 1967
Messerly J.F., Low-temperature thermal data for n-pentane, n-heptadecane, and n-octadecane. Revised thermodynamic functions for the n-alkanes, C5-C18, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1967, 12, 338-346. [all data]

Scott D.W., 1974, 2
Scott D.W., Chemical Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrocarbons and Related Substances. Properties of the Alkane Hydrocarbons, C1 through C10 in the Ideal Gas State from 0 to 1500 K. U.S. Bureau of Mines, Bulletin 666, 1974. [all data]

Pitzer K.S., 1944
Pitzer K.S., Thermodynamics of gaseous paraffins. Specific heat and related properties, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1944, 36, 829-831. [all data]

Pitzer K.S., 1946
Pitzer K.S., The entropies and related properties of branched paraffin hydrocarbons, Chem. Rev., 1946, 39, 435-447. [all data]

Waddington G., 1949
Waddington G., Experimental vapor heat capacities and heats of vaporization of 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, and 2,3-dimethylbutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949, 71, 3902-3906. [all data]

Waddington G., 1947
Waddington G., Experimental vapor heat capacities and heats of vaporization of n-hexane and 2,2-dimethylbutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1947, 69, 2275-2279. [all data]

Fang and Rogers, 1992
Fang, W.; Rogers, D.W., Enthalpy of hydrogenation of the hexadienes and cis- and trans-1,3,5-hexatriene, J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57, 2294-2297. [all data]

Molnar, Rachford, et al., 1984
Molnar, A.; Rachford, R.; Smith, G.V.; Liu, R., Heats of hydrogenation by a simple and rapid flow calorimetric method, Appl. Catal., 1984, 9, 219-223. [all data]

Turner, Mallon, et al., 1973
Turner, R.B.; Mallon, B.J.; Tichy, M.; Doering, W.v.E.; Roth, W.R.; Schroder, G., Heats of hydrogenation. X. Conjugative interaction in cyclic dienes and trienes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 8605-8610. [all data]

Kistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1936
Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Ruhoff, J.R.; Smith, H.A.; Vaughan, W.E., Heats of organic reactions. IV. Hydrogenation of some dienes and of benzene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 146-153. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Rogers, Crooks, et al., 1987
Rogers, D.W.; Crooks, E.; Dejroongruang, K., Enthalpies of hydrogenation of the hexenes, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 1209-1215. [all data]

Rogers and Crooks, 1983
Rogers, D.W.; Crooks, E.L., Enthalpies of hydrogenation of the isomers of n-hexene, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1983, 15, 1087-1092. [all data]

Rogers, Papadimetriou, et al., 1975
Rogers, D.W.; Papadimetriou, P.M.; Siddiqui, N.A., An improved hydrogen microcalorimeter for use with large molecules, Mikrochim. Acta, 1975, 2, 389-400. [all data]

Rogers and Siddiqui, 1975
Rogers, D.W.; Siddiqui, N.A., Heats of hydrogenation of large molecules. I. Esters of unsaturated fatty acids, J. Phys. Chem., 1975, 79, 574-577. [all data]

Skinner and Snelson, 1959
Skinner, H.A.; Snelson, A., Heats of hydrogenation Part 3., Trans. Faraday Soc., 1959, 55, 405-407. [all data]

Roth, Kirmse, et al., 1982
Roth, W.R.; Kirmse, W.; Hoffmann, W.; Lennartz, H.W., Heats of hydrogenation. III. Effect of fluoro substituents on the thermal rearrangement of cyclopropane systems, Chem. Ber., 1982, 115, 2508-2515. [all data]

Roth, Hopf, et al., 1994
Roth, W.R.; Hopf, H.; Horn, C., Propargyl-Stabilisierungsenergie, Chem. Ber., 1994, 127, 1781-1795. [all data]

Brown, Ishikawa, et al., 1990
Brown, C.E.; Ishikawa, Y.; Hackett, P.A.; Rayner, D.M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 2530. [all data]

Rogers, Dagdagan, et al., 1979
Rogers, D.W.; Dagdagan, O.A.; Allinger, N.L., Heats of hydrogenation and formation of linear alkynes and a molecular mechanics interpretation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 671-676. [all data]

Prosen and Rossini, 1941
Prosen, E.J.R.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of isomerization of the five hexanes, J. Res. NBS, 1941, 27, 289-310. [all data]

Roth, Adamczak, et al., 1991
Roth, W.R.; Adamczak, O.; Breuckmann, R.; Lennartz, H.-W.; Boese, R., Die Berechnung von Resonanzenergien; das MM2ERW-Kraftfeld, Chem. Ber., 1991, 124, 2499-2521. [all data]

Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

C_p,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
S°_gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69

n-Hexane

Data at NIST subscription sites:

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Reaction thermochemistry data

Individual Reactions

IR Spectrum

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

Notes