1-Butanethiol

• Formula: C₄H₁₀S
• Molecular weight: 90.187
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10S/c1-2-3-4-5/h5H,2-4H2,1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 109-79-5
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: n-Butanethiol; n-Butyl mercaptan; n-Butyl thioalcohol; Butanethiol; Butyl mercaptan; Thiobutyl alcohol; 1-Butyl mercaptan; n-C4H9SH; NCI-C60866; Butylthiol; n-Butylthiol; 1-Mercaptobutane; 1-butylthiol; butane-1-thiol
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH = A exp(-βT_r) (1 − T_r)^β
    Δ_vapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
    T_r = reduced temperature (T / T_c)

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Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C₄H₉S^- +  =

By formula: C₄H₉S^- + H⁺ = C₄H₁₀S

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₄H₁₁N + C₆H₁₂OS = C₄H₁₀S + C₆H₁₃NO

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂O + C₆H₁₂OS = C₄H₁₀S + C₂H₄O₂

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Haines, Helm, et al., 1956
Haines, W.E.; Helm, R.V.; Cook, G.L.; Ball, J.S., Purification and Properties of Organic Sulfur Compounds, J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 549-55. [all data]

Denyer, Fidler, et al., 1949
Denyer, R.L.; Fidler, F.A.; Lowry, R.A., Azeotrope Formation Between Thiols and Hydrocarbons, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 2727-37. [all data]

Teets, 1934
Teets, D.E., The Relation of the Melting Point to the Number of Carbon Atoms in a Series of Normal Mercaptans, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1934, 56, 1143. [all data]

Ellis and Reid, 1932
Ellis, L.M.; Reid, E.E., The Preparation and Properties of A Double Series of Aliphatic Mercaptans, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1932, 54, 1674. [all data]

Scott, Finke, et al., 1957
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G., 1-butanethiol and 2-thiapentane. Experimental thermodynamic studies between 12 and 500 K; thermodynamic functions by a refined method of increments., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 1062-8. [all data]

Teja and Anselme, 1990
Teja, A.S.; Anselme, M.J., The critical properties of thermally stable and unstable fluids. II. 1986 results, AIChE Symp. Ser., 1990, 86, 279, 122-7. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

Scott, Finke, et al., 1957, 2
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G., 1-Butanethiol and 2-thiapentane. Experimental thermodynamic studies between 12 and 500°K; thermodynamic functions by a refined method of increments, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 1062-10. [all data]

Hubbard, Good, et al., 1958
Hubbard, W.N.; Good, W.D.; Waddington, G., The heats of combustion, formation and isomerization of the seven isomeric C₄H₁₀S alkane thiols and sulfides, J. Phys. Chem., 1958, 62, 614-617. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Scott, Finke, et al., 1957, 3
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G., 1-Butanethiol and 2-thiapentane. Experimental thermodynamic studies between 12 and 500'K., thermodynamic functions by a refined method of increments, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 1062-1068. [all data]

Osborn and Douslin, 1966
Osborn, A.G.; Douslin, D.R., Vapor Pressure Relations of 36 Sulfur Compounds Present in Petroleum., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1966, 11, 4, 502-509, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60031a014 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Taft and Bordwell, 1988
Taft, R.W.; Bordwell, F.G., Structural and Solvent Effects Evaluated from Acidities Measured in Dimethyl Sulfoxide and in the Gas Phase, Acc. Chem. Res., 1988, 21, 12, 463, https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00156a005 . [all data]

Wadso, 1958
Wadso, I., The heats of aminolysis of n-butyl thiolacetate and acetic anhydride, Acta Chem. Scand., 1958, 12, 635-640. [all data]

Wadso, 1957
Wadso, I., The heats of hydrolysis of some alkyl thiolesters, Acta Chem. Scand., 1957, 11, 1745-1751. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  d(ln(kH))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
  k°H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
  ρc	Critical density

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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