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Benzene, chloro-

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Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Chlorine anion + Benzene, chloro- = (Chlorine anion bullet Benzene, chloro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5Cl = (Cl- bullet C6H5Cl)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°50.21 ± 0.42kJ/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B,M
DeltarH°56.9 ± 4.2kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,B,M
DeltarH°52.7kJ/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarS°84.J/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
DeltarS°69.0J/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
DeltarS°93.7J/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarG°29.7 ± 0.84kJ/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
DeltarG°29. ± 4.2kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,B,M
DeltarG°27.2kJ/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

DeltarG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
28.300.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
27.300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

C6H4Cl- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, chloro-

By formula: C6H4Cl- + H+ = C6H5Cl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°1636. ± 7.9kJ/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; B
DeltarH°1633. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSWenthold and Squires, 1994gas phase; between furan, pyridine; B
DeltarH°1633. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSWenthold, Paulino, et al., 1991gas phase; Between H2O, furan. Wenthold and Squires, 1994 indicates isomerization occuring.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarG°1602. ± 8.4kJ/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; B
DeltarG°1598. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRBWenthold and Squires, 1994gas phase; between furan, pyridine; B
DeltarG°1598. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRBWenthold, Paulino, et al., 1991gas phase; Between H2O, furan. Wenthold and Squires, 1994 indicates isomerization occuring.; B

C6H4Cl- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, chloro-

By formula: C6H4Cl- + H+ = C6H5Cl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°1650. ± 5.4kJ/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; B
DeltarH°1631. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSWenthold and Squires, 1994gas phase; between furan, pyridine; B
DeltarH°1631. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSWenthold, Paulino, et al., 1991gas phase; Between H2O, furan. Wenthold and Squires, 1994 indicates isomerization occuring.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarG°1618. ± 5.9kJ/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; B
DeltarG°1598. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRBWenthold and Squires, 1994gas phase; between furan, pyridine; B
DeltarG°1598. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRBWenthold, Paulino, et al., 1991gas phase; Between H2O, furan. Wenthold and Squires, 1994 indicates isomerization occuring.; B

C6H4Cl- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, chloro-

By formula: C6H4Cl- + H+ = C6H5Cl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°1618. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSAndrade and Riveros, 1996gas phase; B
DeltarH°1624. ± 8.4kJ/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; B
DeltarH°1622. ± 13.kJ/molG+TSWenthold, Paulino, et al., 1991gas phase; Between PhF, furan; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarG°1584. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREAndrade and Riveros, 1996gas phase; B
DeltarG°1590. ± 8.8kJ/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; B
DeltarG°1588. ± 13.kJ/molIMRBWenthold, Paulino, et al., 1991gas phase; Between PhF, furan; B
DeltarG°1586. ± 21.kJ/molIMRBBartmess and McIver Jr., 1979gas phase; Between H2O, MeOH; B

Bromine anion + Benzene, chloro- = (Bromine anion bullet Benzene, chloro-)

By formula: Br- + C6H5Cl = (Br- bullet C6H5Cl)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°46.4 ± 7.5kJ/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; «DELTA»Gaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, «DELTA»Saff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarS°84.J/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarG°11. ± 4.2kJ/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; «DELTA»Gaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, «DELTA»Saff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B

Free energy of reaction

DeltarG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
11.423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C6H7N+ + Benzene, chloro- = (C6H7N+ bullet Benzene, chloro-)

By formula: C6H7N+ + C6H5Cl = (C6H7N+ bullet C6H5Cl)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°49.0kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarS°110.J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

DeltarG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
17.297.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C9H12+ + Benzene, chloro- = (C9H12+ bullet Benzene, chloro-)

By formula: C9H12+ + C6H5Cl = (C9H12+ bullet C6H5Cl)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°47.7kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarS°110.J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

DeltarG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
12.300.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Nitric oxide anion + Benzene, chloro- = (Nitric oxide anion bullet Benzene, chloro-)

By formula: NO- + C6H5Cl = (NO- bullet C6H5Cl)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°161.kJ/molICRReents and Freiser, 1981gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M

Benzene, chloro- + 1-Chloro-2,4-diisopropylbenzene = Benzene, 1-chloro-2-(1-methylethyl)- + Benzene, 1-chloro-4-(1-methylethyl)-

By formula: C6H5Cl + C12H17Cl = C9H11Cl + C9H11Cl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°-0.84 ± 0.42kJ/molEqkNesterova, Rozhnov, et al., 1985liquid phase; ALS

Benzene, chloro- + 2,4-Di-t-butyl chlorobenzene = 1-Chloro-4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)benzene + Benzene, 1-tert-butyl-2-chloro-

By formula: C6H5Cl + C14H21Cl = C10H13Cl + C10H13Cl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°-0.25 ± 0.71kJ/molEqkKovzel, Nesterova, et al., 1981liquid phase; ALS

Benzene, 1-chloro-2-(1-methylethyl)- + Benzene = Benzene, chloro- + Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-

By formula: C9H11Cl + C6H6 = C6H5Cl + C9H12

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°-0.59 ± 0.42kJ/molEqkNesterova, Rozhnov, et al., 1985liquid phase; ALS

Benzene, chloro- + Benzene, 1-chloro-3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)- = 2m-Tert-butyl chlorobenzene

By formula: C6H5Cl + C14H21Cl = 2C10H13Cl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°0. ± 0.1kJ/molEqkKovzel, Nesterova, et al., 1981liquid phase; ALS

Benzene + Chlorine = Benzene, chloro- + Hydrogen chloride

By formula: C6H6 + Cl2 = C6H5Cl + HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
DeltarH°-134.kJ/molCmKirkbride, 1956liquid phase; ALS

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Sieck, 1985
Sieck, L.W., Thermochemistry of Solvation of NO2- and C6H5NO2- by Polar Molecules in the Vapor Phase. Comparison with Cl- and Variation with Ligand Structure., J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 25, 5552, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100271a049 . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase negative ion chemistry of alkylchloroformates, Can. J. Chem., 1984, 62, 675. [all data]

Paul and Kebarle, 1991
Paul, G.J.C.; Kebarle, P., Stabilities of Complexes of Br- with Substituted Benzenes (SB) Based on Determinations of the Gas-Phase Equilibria Br- + SB = (BrSB)-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 4, 1148, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00004a014 . [all data]

French, Ikuta, et al., 1982
French, M.A.; Ikuta, S.; Kebarle, P., Hydrogen bonding of O-H and C-H hydrogen donors to Cl-. Results from mass spectrometric measurement of the ion-molecule equilibria RH + Cl- = RHCl-, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 1907. [all data]

Wenthold and Squires, 1995
Wenthold, P.G.; Squires, R.R., Determination of the gas-phase acidities of halogen-substituted aromatic compounds using the silane-cleavage method, J. Mass Spectrom., 1995, 30, 1, 17, https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.1190300105 . [all data]

Wenthold and Squires, 1994
Wenthold, P.G.; Squires, R.R., Gas-phase properties and reactivity of the acetate radical anion. Determination of the C-H bond strengths in acetic acid and acetate ion, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 26, 11890, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00105a032 . [all data]

Wenthold, Paulino, et al., 1991
Wenthold, P.G.; Paulino, J.A.; Squires, R.R., The Absolute Heats of Formation of ortho-Benzyne, meta-Benzyne, and para-Benzyne, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 19, 7414, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00019a044 . [all data]

Andrade and Riveros, 1996
Andrade, P.B.M.; Riveros, J.M., Relative Gas-phase Acidities of Fluoro- and Chlorobenzene, J. Mass Spectrom., 1996, 31, 7, 767, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199607)31:7<767::AID-JMS345>3.0.CO;2-Q . [all data]

Bartmess and McIver Jr., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; McIver Jr., The Gas Phase Acidity Scale in Gas Phase Ion Chemistry, Gas Phase Ion Chemistry, V. 2, M.T. Bowers, Ed., Academic Press, NY, 1979, Ch. 11, Elsevier, 1979. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; El-Shall, M.S., Ionic Charge Transfer Complexes. 1. Cationic Complexes with Delocalized and Partially Localized pi Systems, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 15, 4386, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00275a026 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Hamlet, P.; Hunter, E.P.; Field, F.H., Bonding Energies in Association Ions of Aromatic Molecules. Correlations with Ionization Energies, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 17, 5466, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00485a034 . [all data]

Reents and Freiser, 1981
Reents, W.D.; Freiser, B.S., Gas-Phase Binding Energies and Spectroscopic Properties of NO+ Charge-Transfer Complexes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 2791. [all data]

Farid and McMahon, 1978
Farid, R.; McMahon, T.B., Gas-Phase Ion-Molecule Reactions of Alkyl Nitrites by Ion Cyclotron Resonance Spectroscopy, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1978, 27, 2, 163, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(78)80037-0 . [all data]

Nesterova, Rozhnov, et al., 1985
Nesterova, T.N.; Rozhnov, A.M.; Malova, T.N.; Kovzel, E.N., Molar enthalpies of formation of isopropylchlorobenzenes derived from equilibrium measurements, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1985, 17, 649-656. [all data]

Kovzel, Nesterova, et al., 1981
Kovzel, E.N.; Nesterova, T.N.; Rozhnov, A.M.; Kartavtseva, T.A., Study of equilibrium in in the chlorobenzene-butylchlorobenzenes systems, Termodin. Organ. Soedin., 1981, 65-68. [all data]

Kirkbride, 1956
Kirkbride, F.W., The heats of chlorination of some hydrocarbons and their chloro-derivatives, J. Appl. Chem., 1956, 6, 11-21. [all data]

Notes

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