Toluene

• Formula: C₇H₈
• Molecular weight: 92.1384
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C7H8/c1-7-5-3-2-4-6-7/h2-6H,1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 108-88-3
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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• Isotopologues:
  • Toluene-D3
  • Toluene-D8
• Other names: Benzene, methyl; Methacide; Methylbenzene; Methylbenzol; Phenylmethane; Antisal 1a; Toluol; Methane, phenyl-; NCI-C07272; Tolueen; Toluen; Toluolo; Rcra waste number U220; Tolu-sol; UN 1294; Dracyl; Monomethyl benzene; CP 25; NSC 406333; methylbenzene (toluene)
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• Information on this page:
  • Normal melting point
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
  • Fluid Properties
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
  • NIST Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Structure Index
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Normal melting point

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

References

Go To: Top, Normal melting point, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Holzhauer and Ziegler, 1975
Holzhauer, J.K.; Ziegler, W.T., Temperature dependence of excess thermodynamic properties of n-heptane-toluene, methylcyclohexane-toluene, and n-heptane-methylcyclohexane systems, J. Phys. Chem., 1975, 79(6), 590-604. [all data]

Hwa and Ziegler, 1966
Hwa, S.C.P.; Ziegler, W.T., Temperature dependence of excess thermodynamic properties of ethanol-methylcyclohexane and ethanol-toluene systems, J. Phys. Chem., 1966, 70(8), 2572-2593. [all data]

Guieu, Faradjzadeh, et al., 1980
Guieu, R.; Faradjzadeh, A.; Carbonnel, L., Int. DATA Ser., Sel. Data Mixtures, Ser. A, 1980, No. 1, 52. [all data]

Guieu, Faradjzadeh, et al., 1980, 2
Guieu, R.; Faradjzadeh, A.; Carbonnel, L., Int. DATA Ser., Sel. Data Mixtures, Ser. A, 1980, No. 1, 53. [all data]

Radwan and Hanna, 1976
Radwan, M.H.; Hanna, A.A., Binary Azeotropes Containing Butyric Acid, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1976, 21, 285-8. [all data]

Hollo, Lengyel, et al., 1958
Hollo, J.; Lengyel, T.; Uzonyi, G., Determination of the system heptane + toluene + pyridine + butanol, Magy. Kem. Lapja, 1958, 13, 440. [all data]

Denyer, Fidler, et al., 1949
Denyer, R.L.; Fidler, F.A.; Lowry, R.A., Azeotrope Formation Between Thiols and Hydrocarbons, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 2727-37. [all data]

Murphy and Duggan, 1949
Murphy, M.T.; Duggan, A.C., Pyrolysis of Butadiene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949, 71, 3347. [all data]

Tschamler, 1948
Tschamler, H., Binary liquid mixtures: I. heats of mixing, volume effects, and phase diagrams of chlorex with benzene and alkylbenzenes., Monatsh. Chem., 1948, 79, 162-77. [all data]

Forziati, Glasgow, et al., 1946
Forziati, A.F.; Glasgow, A.R.; Willingham, C.B.; Rossini, F.D., Specification adn Properties of 29 Paraffin, 4 Alkylcyclopentanes, 10 Alkylcyclohexanes and 8 Alkylbenzene Hydrocarbons, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U. S.), 1946, 36, 129. [all data]

Gibbons, Thompson, et al., 1946
Gibbons, L.C.; Thompson, J.F.; Reynolds, T.W.; Wright, J.I.; Chanan, H.H.; Lamberti, J.M.; Hipsher, H.F.; Karabinos, J.V., The Purification and Physical Constants of Aromatic Compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 1130. [all data]

Anonymous, 1941
Anonymous, R., , Am. Pet. Inst. Hydrocarbon Res. Proj., Third Annu. Rep., Ohio State Univ., Aug. 31, 1941. [all data]

Smittenberg, Hoog, et al., 1938
Smittenberg, J.; Hoog, H.; Henkes, R.A., Freezing Points of A Number of Pure Hydrocarbons of the Gasoline Boiling Range and of Some of their Binary Mixtures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 17. [all data]

Leslie and Heuer, 1937
Leslie, R.T.; Heuer, W.W., Study of the Crystal Behavior of Hydrocarbons, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U. S.), 1937, 18, 639. [all data]

Stull, 1937
Stull, D.R., A Semi-micro Calorimeter for Measuring Heat Capacities at Low Temp., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726. [all data]

Timmermans, 1935
Timmermans, J., Researches in Stoichiometry. I. The Heat of Fusion of Organic Compounds., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1935, 44, 17-40. [all data]

Timmermans, 1934
Timmermans, J., Theory of Concentrated Solutions XII., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1934, 43, 626. [all data]

Parks and Huffman, 1931
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M., Some fusion and transition data for hydrocarbons, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1931, 23, 1138-9. [all data]

Smith and Andrews, 1931
Smith, R.H.; Andrews, D.H., Thermal Energy Studies I. Phenyl Derivatives of Methane, Ethane and Some Related Compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1931, 53, 3644. [all data]

Timmermans, 1929
Timmermans, J., The Melting Point of Organic Substances Capable of Being Used as Reference Points at Low Temperatures, Commun. Kamerlingh Onnes Lab. Univ. Leiden, 1929, 1929, Suppl. No. 64. [all data]

Timmermans and Martin, 1926
Timmermans, J.; Martin, F., J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol., 1926, 23, 747. [all data]

Maass and Russell, 1918
Maass, O.; Russell, J., Unsaturation and molecular compound formation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1918, 40, 1561-1573. [all data]

Timmermans, 1911
Timmermans, J., Researches on the freezing point of organic liquid compounds, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1911, 25, 300. [all data]

Ladenburg and Kruegel, 1899
Ladenburg, A.; Kruegel, C., The measurement of low temperatures, Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges., 1899, 32, 1818. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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