Pyridine, 2,4-dimethyl-

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil431. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 14 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus209.415KN/ASteele, Chirico, et al., 1986DH
Tfus205.2KN/AAssal, 1966Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tfus205.25KN/AKyte, Jeffery, et al., 1960Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Tfus209.19KN/ACoulson, Cox, et al., 1959Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple209.35KN/AChirico, Hossenlopp, et al., 1994Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc647.KN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Tc647.15KN/AAmbrose and Grant, 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap11.35kcal/molN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Δvap11.4kcal/molCGCChickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995Based on data from 323. to 373. K.; AC
Δvap11.42kcal/molVCox, 1960ALS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
9.209431.6N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
10.9330.N/ASakoguchi, Ueoka, et al., 1995Based on data from 288. to 373. K.; AC
10.7340.EBSteele, Chirico, et al., 1995Based on data from 331. to 473. K.; AC
10.1380.EBSteele, Chirico, et al., 1995Based on data from 331. to 473. K.; AC
9.51420.EBSteele, Chirico, et al., 1995Based on data from 331. to 473. K.; AC
8.84460.EBSteele, Chirico, et al., 1995Based on data from 331. to 473. K.; AC
11.3313.EBLencka, 1990Based on data from 298. to 431. K.; AC
10.4364.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 349. to 433. K. See also Kkykj and Repas, 1973.; AC
11.4282.MMWisniewska, Lencka, et al., 1986Based on data from 267. to 358. K.; AC
11.1313.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1985AC
10.7343.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1985AC
10.5368.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1985AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) A (kcal/mol) β Tc (K) Reference Comment
313. to 368.15.740.3033647.Majer and Svoboda, 1985 

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
423.54 to 432.9712.5335113550.483649.591Coulson, Cox, et al., 1959, 2Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
2.11209.4Chirico, Hossenlopp, et al., 1994, 2AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Steele, Chirico, et al., 1986
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D.; Collier, W.B.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Nguyen, A.; Strube, M.M., Thermochemical and thermophysical properties of organic nitrogen compounds found in fossil materials, NIPER Report, 1986, 188, 112p. [all data]

Assal, 1966
Assal, F.A., Vapour-liquid equilibria in phenol-pyridine base systems, Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci., Ser. Sci. Chim., 1966, 14, 603. [all data]

Kyte, Jeffery, et al., 1960
Kyte, C.T.; Jeffery, G.H.; Vogel, A.I., Physical Properties and Chem. Constitution XXVII. Pyridine Derivatives, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 1960, 4454. [all data]

Coulson, Cox, et al., 1959
Coulson, E.A.; Cox, J.D.; Herington, E.F.G.; Martin, J.F., The Preparation and Physical Properties of the Pure Lutidines, J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 1959, 1934. [all data]

Chirico, Hossenlopp, et al., 1994
Chirico, R.D.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Gammon, B.E.; Knipmeyer, S.E.; Steele, W.V., Heat capacities of the six dimethylpyridines between the temperatures 10 K and 445 K and methyl-group rotational barriers in the solid state a,b, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1994, 26, 11, 1187, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.1994.1138 . [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Ambrose and Grant, 1957
Ambrose, D.; Grant, D.G., The Critical Temperatures of Some Hydrocarbons and Pyridine Bases, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1957, 53, 771. [all data]

Chickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995
Chickos, James S.; Hosseini, Sarah; Hesse, Donald G., Determination of vaporization enthalpies of simple organic molecules by correlations of changes in gas chromatographic net retention times, Thermochimica Acta, 1995, 249, 41-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(95)90670-3 . [all data]

Cox, 1960
Cox, J.D., The second virial coefficients, latent heats of vaporization and heats of formation of the lutidines, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 959. [all data]

Sakoguchi, Ueoka, et al., 1995
Sakoguchi, Akihiro; Ueoka, Ryuichi; Kato, Yasuo; Arai, Yasuhiko, Vapor Pressures of Alkylpyridines and Alkylpyrazines., KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU, 1995, 21, 1, 219-223, https://doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.21.219 . [all data]

Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D.; Nguyen, A.; Knipmeyer, S.E., Vapor pressures, high-temperature heat capacities, critical properties, derived thermodynamic functions, and barriers to methyl-group rotation, for the six dimethylpyridines, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1995, 27, 3, 311-334, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.1995.0030 . [all data]

Lencka, 1990
Lencka, Malgorzata, Measurements of the vapour pressures of pyridine, 2-methylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine from 0.1 kPa to atmospheric pressure using a modified Swietoslawski ebulliometer, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1990, 22, 5, 473-480, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(90)90139-H . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Kkykj and Repas, 1973
Kkykj, J.; Repas, M., Petrochemia, 1973, 13, 179. [all data]

Wisniewska, Lencka, et al., 1986
Wisniewska, Barbara; Lencka, Malgorzata; Rogalski, Marek, Vapour pressures of 2,4-, 2,6-, and 3,5-dimethylpyridine at temperatures from 267 to 360 K, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1986, 18, 8, 703-708, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(86)90102-3 . [all data]

Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.; Lencka, M., Enthalpies of vaporization and cohesive energies of dimethylpyridines and trimethylpyridines, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1985, 17, 4, 365-370, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(85)90133-8 . [all data]

Coulson, Cox, et al., 1959, 2
Coulson, E.A.; Cox, J.D.; Herington, E.F.G.; Martin, J.F., The Preparation and Physical Properties of the Pure Lutidines, J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 1934-1940, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9590001934 . [all data]

Chirico, Hossenlopp, et al., 1994, 2
Chirico, R.D.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Gammon, B.E.; Knipmeyer, S.E.; Steele, W.V., Heat capacities of the six dimethylpyridines between the temperatures 10 K and 445 K and methyl-group rotational barriers in the solid state a,b, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1994, 26, 11, 1187-1218, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.1994.1138 . [all data]


Notes

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