2-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.


Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-5292.3 ± 1.8kJ/molCcbRockenfeller and Rossini, 1961Derived from the ratio of Heat of combustion; Corresponding Δfliquid = -142.4 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid298.7J/mol*KN/AParks and Huffman, 1930Extrapolation below 90 K, 63.76 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
233.5296.0Parks and Huffman, 1930T = 92 to 296 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil378. ± 1.KAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus166.790KN/AStreiff, Zimmerman, et al., 1948Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC
Tfus166.820KN/AStreiff, Zimmerman, et al., 1948Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Tfus166.64KN/AHoward, Mears, et al., 1947Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC
Tfus166.65KN/ATongberg, Pickens, et al., 1932Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple166.KN/AParks, Todd, et al., 1936Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap39.3kJ/molN/AReid, 1972AC
Δvap37.4kJ/molVCamin and Rossini, 1960ALS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
35.7334.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 319. to 380. K.; AC
37.2320.MMCamin and Rossini, 1960, 2Based on data from 305. to 378. K.; AC
35.2374.6VHolmes and Tyrrall, 1956ALS
31.9374.3VMathews and Fehlandt, 1931ALS

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
6.78166.Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

2-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl- + Hydrogen = Pentane, 2,2,4-trimethyl-

By formula: C8H16 + H2 = C8H18

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-112.kJ/molChydTurner, Nettleton, et al., 1958liquid phase; solvent: Acetic acid
Δr-118.8kJ/molChydDolliver, Gresham, et al., 1937gas phase; At 355 °K

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.

IR spectrum
For Zoom
1.) Enter the desired X axis range (e.g., 100, 200)
2.) Check here for automatic Y scaling
3.) Press here to zoom

Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.

Additional Data

View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).

View spectrum image in SVG format.

Download spectrum in JCAMP-DX format.

Owner NIST Standard Reference Data Program
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Sadtler Research Labs Under US-EPA Contract
State gas

This IR spectrum is from the NIST/EPA Gas-Phase Infrared Database .


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.

Mass spectrum
For Zoom
1.) Enter the desired X axis range (e.g., 100, 200)
2.) Check here for automatic Y scaling
3.) Press here to zoom

Additional Data

View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).

Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-3307
NIST MS number 230810

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryPetrocol DH30.726.7Soják, Addová, et al., 2004150. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, H2
CapillarySqualane30.714.5Soják, Addová, et al., 2004He; Column length: 93. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane25.714.Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994 
CapillaryOV-10130.724.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10140.725.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10150.726.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10160.726.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10170.727.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10180.728.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-330.729.5Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-340.729.8Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-350.730.1Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-360.730.5Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-370.730.9Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-380.731.3Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 
CapillaryOV-130.727.5Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-140.728.2Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-150.728.8Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-160.729.5Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-170.730.2Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillaryOV-180.730.9Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3030.730.3Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3040.729.5Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3050.728.7Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3060.727.8Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3070.726.8Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
CapillarySE-3080.725.8Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981H2
PackedSqualane80.717.Chrétien and Dubois, 1977 
CapillarySqualane50.715.Chretien and Dubois, 1976 
CapillarySqualane50.715.Rijks and Cramers, 1974N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.716.Rijks and Cramers, 1974N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane50.715.0Takács, Tálas, et al., 1972N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 3. m
CapillarySqualane40.715.Matukuma, 1969N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane27.701.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane49.704.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane67.707.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane86.709.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane30.714.5Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 10. m
PackedSqualane50.715.Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 10. m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPetrocol DH724.White, Hackett, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryMethyl Silicone50.715.N/AN2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB727.Bramston-Cook, 201360. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
CapillaryPetrocol DH728.Supelco, 2012100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryPONA729.Zhang, Ding, et al., 200950. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryOV-101727.Orav, Kailas, et al., 199950. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 100. C
CapillarySE-54727.Guan, Li, et al., 199560. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryRTX-5730.Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: not specified
CapillaryRTX-5730.Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane718.Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone722.Zenkevich, 2000Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Rockenfeller and Rossini, 1961
Rockenfeller, J.D.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion, isomerization, and formation of selected C7, C8, and C10 monoolefin hydrocarbons, J. Phys. Chem., 1961, 65, 267-272. [all data]

Parks and Huffman, 1930
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data on organic compounds. IX. A study of the effect of unsaturation on the heat capacities, entropies and free energies of some hydrocarbons and other compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1930, 52, 4381-4391. [all data]

Streiff, Zimmerman, et al., 1948
Streiff, A.J.; Zimmerman, J.C.; Soule, L.F.; Butt, M.T.; Sedlak, V.A.; Willingham, C.B.; Rossini, F.D., Purification, Purity, and Freezing Points of 30 Hydrocarbons of the API-Standard and API-NBS Series, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U. S.), 1948, 41, 323. [all data]

Howard, Mears, et al., 1947
Howard, F.L.; Mears, T.W.; Fookson, A.; Pomerantz, P.; Brooks, D.B., Preparation and physical properties of several aliphatic hydrocarbons and intermediates, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U. S.), 1947, 38, 365. [all data]

Tongberg, Pickens, et al., 1932
Tongberg, C.O.; Pickens, J.D.; Fenske, M.R.; Whitmore, F.C., The Isomers in "Diisobutylene". II., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1932, 54, 3706-10. [all data]

Parks, Todd, et al., 1936
Parks, G.S.; Todd, S.S.; Shomate, C.H., Thermal data on organic compounds. XVII. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for five higher olefins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 2505. [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

Camin and Rossini, 1960
Camin, D.L.; Rossini, F.D., Physical properties of to selected C7 and C8 alkene hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 368. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Camin and Rossini, 1960, 2
Camin, D.L.; Rossini, F.D., Physical Properties of 16 Selected C 7 and C 8 Alkene Hydrocarbons., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 3, 368-372, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60007a037 . [all data]

Holmes and Tyrrall, 1956
Holmes, W.S.; Tyrrall, E., Entropy of vaporization and molecular rotation in the liquid state, Chem. Ind. (London), 1956, 662-663. [all data]

Mathews and Fehlandt, 1931
Mathews, J.H.; Fehlandt, P.R., The heats of vaporization of some organic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1931, 53, 3212-32. [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Turner, Nettleton, et al., 1958
Turner, R.B.; Nettleton, J.E.; Perelman, Heats of Hydrogenation. VI. Heats of hydrogenation of some substituted ethylenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1958, 80, 1430-1433. [all data]

Dolliver, Gresham, et al., 1937
Dolliver, M.a.; Gresham, T.L.; Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Vaughan, W.E., Heats of organic reactions. V. Heats of hydrogenation of various hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 831-841. [all data]

Soják, Addová, et al., 2004
Soják, L.; Addová, G.; Kubinec, R.; Kraus, A.; Bohác, A., Capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of all 93 acyclic octenes and their identification in fluid catalytic cracked gasoline, J. Chromatogr. A, 2004, 1025, 2, 237-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2003.10.112 . [all data]

Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994
Hilal, S.H.; Carreira, L.A.; Karickhoff, S.W.; Melton, C.M., Estimation of Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Retention Times from Molecular Structure, J. Chromatogr. A, 1994, 662, 2, 269-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)80515-6 . [all data]

Chien, Furio, et al., 1983
Chien, C.-F.; Furio, D.L.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J., Specific Retention Volumes and Retention Indices of Selected Hydrocarbon Solutes with OV-101 and SP-2100 Polydimethylsiloxane Solvents, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 10, 577-580, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240061013 . [all data]

Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2
Chien, C.-F.; Furio, D.L.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J., Specific retention volumes and retention indices of selected hydrocarbon solutes with OV-3, OV-7, OV-11, OV-17, OV-22, and OV-25 polymethylphenylsiloxane solvents, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1983, 6, 12, 669-679, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240061207 . [all data]

Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981
Chien, C.-F.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J., Specific Retention Volumes and Retention Indices of Selected Hydrocarbon Solutes with OV-1 and SE-30 Polydimethylsiloxane Solvents, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1981, 4, 10, 539-543, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240041017 . [all data]

Chrétien and Dubois, 1977
Chrétien, J.R.; Dubois, J.E., Topological analysis of gas-liquid chromatographic behavior of alkenes, Anal. Chem., 1977, 49, 6, 747-756, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50014a021 . [all data]

Chretien and Dubois, 1976
Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J.-E., New Perspectives in the Prediction of Kovats Indices, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 171-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84071-1 . [all data]

Rijks and Cramers, 1974
Rijks, J.A.; Cramers, C.A., High precision capillary gas chromatography of hydrocarbons, Chromatographia, 1974, 7, 3, 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269819 . [all data]

Takács, Tálas, et al., 1972
Takács, J.; Tálas, Zs.; Bernáth, I.; Czakó, Gy.; Fischer, A., Contribution to the theory of the retention index system. IV. Retention index and molecular structure. Calculation of retention indices of olefins, cyclic hydrocarbons and homologues of benzene hydrocarbons on the basis of their molecular structures, J. Chromatogr., 1972, 67, 2, 203-212, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)91222-1 . [all data]

Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A., Retention indices of alkanes through C10 and alkenes through C8 and relation between boiling points and retention data, Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]

Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203 . [all data]

Tourres, 1967
Tourres, D.A., Structural analysis of industrial butene dimers by gas chromatography, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1967, 5, 1, 35-40, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/5.1.35 . [all data]

White, Hackett, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Hackett, J.; Anderson, R.R.; Kail, S.; Spock, P.S., Linear temperature programmed retention indices of gasoline range hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons on cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1992, 15, 2, 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150211 . [all data]

Bramston-Cook, 2013
Bramston-Cook, R., Kovats indices for C2-C13 hydrocarbons and selected oxygenated/halocarbons with 100 % dimethylpolysiloxane columns, 2013, retrieved from http://lotusinstruments.com/monographs/List .... [all data]

Supelco, 2012
Supelco, CatalogNo. 24160-U, Petrocol DH Columns. Catalog No. 24160-U, 2012, retrieved from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Supelco/Datasheet/1/w97949.Par.0001.File.tmp/w97949.pdf. [all data]

Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009
Zhang, X.; Ding, L.; Sun, Z.; Song, L.; Sun, T., Study on quantitative structure-retention relationships for hydrocarbons in FCC gasoline, Chromatographia, 2009, 70, 3/4, 511-518, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-009-1174-0 . [all data]

Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Muurisepp, M.; Kann, J., Composition of the oil from waste tires. 1. Fraction boiling at yp to 160 0C, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 1999, 48, 1, 30-39. [all data]

Guan, Li, et al., 1995
Guan, Y.; Li, L.; Zhou, L., Live retention database for compound identification in capillary gas chromatography, Chin. J. Chromatogr., 1995, 13, 5, 851-857. [all data]

Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005
Ádámová, M.; Orinák, A.; Halás, L., Retention indices as identification tool in pyrolysis-capillary gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr. A, 2005, 1087, 1-2, 131-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.003 . [all data]

Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003
Junkes, B.S.; Castanho, R.D.M.; Amboni, C.; Yunes, R.A.; Heinzen, V.E.F., Semiempirical Topological Index: A Novel Molecular Descriptor for Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship Studies, Internet Electronic Journal of Molecular Design, 2003, 2, 1, 33-49. [all data]

Zenkevich, 2000
Zenkevich, I.G., Mutual Correlation between Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices of Unsaturated and Saturated Hydrocarbons found by Molecular Dynamics, Z. Anal. Chem., 2000, 55, 10, 1091-1097. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References