Methyl formate
- Formula: C2H4O2
- Molecular weight: 60.0520
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 107-31-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Formic acid, methyl ester; Methyl methanoate; HCOOCH3; Formiate de methyle; Methylester kyseliny mravenci; Methylformiaat; Methylformiat; Mravencan methylnaty; UN 1243; Methyl ester of formic acid; Methanoic acid methyl ester
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Data at other public NIST sites:
- Options:
Data at NIST subscription sites:
- NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
- NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°liquid | -87.45 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Gladii, Starchevskii, et al., 1990 | ALS |
ΔfH°liquid | -90.35 | kcal/mol | Cm | Guthrie, 1974 | Heat of hydrolysis; ALS |
ΔfH°liquid | -93.4 | kcal/mol | Cm | Hine and Klueppet, 1974 | ALS |
ΔfH°liquid | -92.28 | kcal/mol | Ccr | Hall and Baldt, 1971 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°liquid | -232.46 ± 0.14 | kcal/mol | Ccr | Hall and Baldt, 1971 | Corresponding ΔfHºliquid = -92.27 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
28.817 | 298.75 | Zabransky, Hynek, et al., 1987 | T = 293 to 299 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
28.61 | 298.15 | Fuchs, 1979 | DH |
22.8 | 297. | Hall and Baldt, 1971 | DH |
28.99 | 288. | Mehl, 1934 | DH |
31.1 | 298. | Berthelot and Ogier, 1881 | T = 286 to 302 K. Cp given as 0.516 cal/g*K.; DH |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 305. ± 1. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 20 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 173.2 | K | N/A | Timmermans, 1935 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Tfus | 173.4 | K | N/A | Timmermans, 1911 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 487.2 | K | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
Tc | 487.2 | K | N/A | Young, 1910 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC |
Tc | 487.2 | K | N/A | Young and Thomas, 1893 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC |
Tc | 523.7 | K | N/A | De Heen, 1888 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 20. K; TRC |
Tc | 485.2 | K | N/A | Nadezhdin, 1887 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 59.25 | atm | N/A | Young, 1910 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.6000 atm; TRC |
Pc | 59.289 | atm | N/A | Young and Thomas, 1893 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.39 atm; TRC |
Pc | 61.65 | atm | N/A | Nadezhdin, 1887 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2.0000 atm; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ρc | 5.818 | mol/l | N/A | Young, 1910 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.08 mol/l; TRC |
ρc | 5.818 | mol/l | N/A | Young and Thomas, 1893 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 mol/l; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 7.0 ± 0.5 | kcal/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
6.673 | 304.7 | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
7.07 | 292. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 279. to 305. K.; AC |
6.79 | 320. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 305. to 443. K.; AC |
6.86 ± 0.02 | 293. | C | Cihlár, Hynek, et al., 1976 | AC |
6.67 ± 0.02 | 305. | C | Cihlár, Hynek, et al., 1976 | AC |
6.55 ± 0.02 | 313. | C | Cihlár, Hynek, et al., 1976 | AC |
7.19 | 283. | BG | Baldt and Hall, 1971 | Based on data from 261. to 305. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH =
A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
ΔvapH =
Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure)
(kcal/mol)
Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A (kcal/mol) | β | Tc (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
293. to 314. | 11.02 | 0.3119 | 487.2 | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
294. to 304.9 | 0.24526 | 6.524 | -278.54 | Nelson, 1928 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
References
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Gladii, Starchevskii, et al., 1990
Gladii, S.L.; Starchevskii, M.K.; Pazderskii, Yu.A.; Moiseev, I.I.,
Chemical equilibrium in the methyl formate-water-methanol-formic acid system,
J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 1990, 63, 106-111. [all data]
Guthrie, 1974
Guthrie, J.P.,
Hydration of carboxamides. Evaluation of the free energy change for addition of water to acetamide and formamide derivatives,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 3608-3615. [all data]
Hine and Klueppet, 1974
Hine, J.; Klueppet, A.W.,
Structural effects on rates and equilibria. XVIII. Thermodynamic stability of ortho esters,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 2924-2929. [all data]
Hall and Baldt, 1971
Hall, H.K., Jr.; Baldt, J.H.,
Thermochemistry of strained-ring bridgehead nitriles and esters,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1971, 93, 140-145. [all data]
Zabransky, Hynek, et al., 1987
Zabransky, M.; Hynek, V.; Finkeova-Hastabova, J.; Vesely, F.,
Heat capacities of six liquid esters as a function of temperature,
Coll. Czech. Chem. Comm., 1987, 52, 251-256. [all data]
Fuchs, 1979
Fuchs, R.,
Heat capacities of some liquid aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic esters at 298.15 K,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1979, 11, 959-961. [all data]
Mehl, 1934
Mehl, W.,
Die spezifische Wärme einiger flüssiger Kältemittel,
Z. ges. Kalte-Ind., 1934, 41, 152-153. [all data]
Berthelot and Ogier, 1881
Berthelot, M.; Ogier, J.,
Recherches sur les ethers formiques,
Ann. chim. et phys., 1881, 23(5), 201-209. [all data]
Timmermans, 1935
Timmermans, J.,
Researches in Stoichiometry. I. The Heat of Fusion of Organic Compounds.,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1935, 44, 17-40. [all data]
Timmermans, 1911
Timmermans, J.,
Researches on the freezing point of organic liquid compounds,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1911, 25, 300. [all data]
Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Young, 1910
Young, S.,
The Internal Heat of Vaporization constants of thirty pure substances,
Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc., 1910, 12, 374. [all data]
Young and Thomas, 1893
Young, S.; Thomas, G.L.,
The vapour pressures, molecular volumes, and critical constants of ten of the lower esters,
J. Chem. Soc., 1893, 63, 1191. [all data]
De Heen, 1888
De Heen, P.,
Research on Physics and Theory of Liquids, Experimental Part Paris, 1888. [all data]
Nadezhdin, 1887
Nadezhdin, A.,
Rep. Phys., 1887, 23, 708. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Cihlár, Hynek, et al., 1976
Cihlár, J.; Hynek, V.; Svoboda, V.; Holub, R.,
Heats of vaporization of alkyl esters of formic acid,
Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1976, 41, 1, 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19760001
. [all data]
Baldt and Hall, 1971
Baldt, J.H.; Hall, H.K.K., Jr.,
Thermochemistry of strained-ring bridgehead nitriles and esters,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1971, 93, 140-145. [all data]
Nelson, 1928
Nelson, O.A.,
Vapor Pressures of Fumigants: II---Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl, Isopropyl, n-Butyl, Secondary Butyl and Isobutyl Formates 1,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1928, 20, 12, 1382-1384, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50228a035
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid Pc Critical pressure Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔcH°liquid Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions ΔfH°liquid Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions ρc Critical density - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.