Propanenitrile
- Formula: C3H5N
- Molecular weight: 55.0785
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 107-12-0
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Propionitrile; Cyanoethane; Ether cyanatus; Ethyl cyanide; Hydrocyanic ether; Propionic nitrile; Propiononitrile; Propylnitrile; C2H5CN; Ethylkyanid; Propannitril; Rcra waste number P101; UN 2404; n-Propanenitrile; NSC 7966
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | 51.46 | kJ/mol | Ccr | Hall and Baldt, 1971 |
Reaction thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C3H4N- + =
By formula: C3H4N- + H+ = C3H5N
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1569. ± 8.8 | kJ/mol | G+TS | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1537. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
C3H4N- + =
By formula: C3H4N- + H+ = C3H5N
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1640. ± 21. | kJ/mol | G+TS | Merrill, Dahlke, et al., 1996 | gas phase; comparable to H2O.; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1607. ± 21. | kJ/mol | IMRB | Merrill, Dahlke, et al., 1996 | gas phase; comparable to H2O.; B |
By formula: Na+ + C3H5N = (Na+ • C3H5N)
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
103. | 298. | IMRE | McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000 | Anchor alanine=39.89; RCD |
By formula: C3H5N = C3H5N
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -90.0 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | Cm | Baghal-Vayjooee, Collister, et al., 1977 | gas phase; Heat of isomerization; ALS |
IR Spectrum
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Gas Phase Spectrum
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Additional Data
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Owner | NIST Standard Reference Data Program Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | Sadtler Research Labs Under US-EPA Contract |
State | gas |
Gas Chromatography
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-1 | 100. | 543.33 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 110. | 543.83 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 120. | 544.44 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 130. | 545.05 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 140. | 545.79 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 150. | 546.65 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 160. | 547.65 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 170. | 548.60 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 180. | 549.63 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 190. | 550.75 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 20. | 543.13 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 30. | 542.69 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 40. | 542.41 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 50. | 542.29 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 542.32 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 70. | 542.38 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 80. | 542.60 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 90. | 542.90 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 30. | 592. | Aflalaye, Sternberg, et al., 1995 | 12. m/0.15 mm/0.25 μm, H2 |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 20. | 545.3 | Do and Raulin, 1992 | 25. m/0.15 mm/2. μm, H2 |
Capillary | PoraPLOT Q | 100. | 523. | Do and Raulin, 1989 | 10. m/0.32 mm/10. μm, H2 |
Capillary | PoraPLOT Q | 160. | 527. | Do and Raulin, 1989 | 10. m/0.32 mm/10. μm, H2 |
Packed | SE-30 | 100. | 547. | Winskowski, 1983 | Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | Apiezon L | 150. | 533. | Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968 | N2, DCMS-treated Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.3 m |
Packed | Apiezon L | 130. | 524. | Wehrli and Kováts, 1959 | Celite; Column length: 2.25 m |
Packed | Apiezon L | 70. | 510. | Wehrli and Kováts, 1959 | Celite; Column length: 2.25 m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 573.7 | Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 105. | 554. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 75. | 554. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 90. | 555. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 32. | 557. | Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980 | Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-101 | 544. | Zenkevich, 2005 | 25. m/0.20 mm/0.10 μm, N2/He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 524. | N/A | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 539. | Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 542. | Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 539. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 580. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-1 | 580. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1023. | Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995 | He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Supelcowax 10 | 1046. | Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (15 min) 3 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 180 0C (10 min) |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1015. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Hall and Baldt, 1971
Hall, H.K., Jr.; Baldt, J.H.,
Thermochemistry of strained-ring bridgehead nitriles and esters,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1971, 93, 140-145. [all data]
Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr.,
The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]
Merrill, Dahlke, et al., 1996
Merrill, G.N.; Dahlke, G.D.; Kass, S.R.,
beta-Cyanoethyl Anion: Lusus Naturae,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 18, 4462, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja953796o
. [all data]
McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000
McMahon, T.B.; Ohanessian, G.,
An Experimental and Ab Initio Study of the Nature of the Binding in Gas-Phase Complexes of Sodium Ions,
Chem. Eur. J., 2000, 6, 16, 2931, https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3765(20000818)6:16<2931::AID-CHEM2931>3.0.CO;2-7
. [all data]
Baghal-Vayjooee, Collister, et al., 1977
Baghal-Vayjooee, M.H.; Collister, J.L.; Pritchard, H.O.,
The enthalpy of isomerisation of methyl isocyanide,
Can. J. Chem., 1977, 55, 2634-2636. [all data]
Görgényi and Héberger, 2003
Görgényi, M.; Héberger, K.,
Minimum in the temperature dependence of the Kováts retention indices of nitroalkanes and alkanenitriles on an apolar phase,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 985, 1-2, 11-19, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01842-3
. [all data]
Aflalaye, Sternberg, et al., 1995
Aflalaye, A.; Sternberg, R.; Raulin, F.; Vidal-Madjar, C.,
Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. VI. Analysis of low-molecular-mass hydrocarbons and nitriles with BPX5 capillary columns,
J. Chromatogr. A, 1995, 708, 2, 283-291, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)00410-O
. [all data]
Do and Raulin, 1992
Do, L.; Raulin, F.,
Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. III. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a CP-Sil-5 CB WCOT capillary column,
J. Chromatogr., 1992, 591, 1-2, 297-301, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80247-R
. [all data]
Do and Raulin, 1989
Do, L.; Raulin, F.,
Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. I. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a PoraPLOT Q porous polymer coated open-tubular capillary column,
J. Chromatogr., 1989, 481, 45-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)96751-2
. [all data]
Winskowski, 1983
Winskowski, J.,
Gaschromatographische Identifizierung von Stoffen anhand von Indexziffem und unterschiedlichen Detektoren,
Chromatographia, 1983, 17, 3, 160-165, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02271041
. [all data]
Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968
Brown, I.; Chapman, I.L.; Nicholson, G.J.,
Gas chromatography of polar solutes in electron acceptor stationary phases,
Aust. J. Chem., 1968, 21, 5, 1125-1141, https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9681125
. [all data]
Wehrli and Kováts, 1959
Wehrli, A.; Kováts, E.,
Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung ogranischer Verbindungen. Teil 3: Berechnung der Retentionsindices aliphatischer, alicyclischer und aromatischer Verbindungen,
Helv. Chim. Acta, 1959, 7, 7, 2709-2736, https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19590420745
. [all data]
Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003
Xu, X.; van Stee, L.L.P.; Williams, J.; Beens, J.; Adahchour, M.; Vreuls, R.J.J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.; Lelieveld, J.,
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2003, 3, 3, 665-682, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-665-2003
. [all data]
Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Tello, A.M.; Lebron-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-Lopez, J.E.; Santiuste, J.M.,
Isothermal retention indices on poly93-cyanopropylmethyl)siloxane stationary phases,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2009, 1216, 10, 1630-1639, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.025
. [all data]
Blazso, Ujszaszi, et al., 1980
Blazso, M.; Ujszaszi, K.; Jakab, E.,
Isomeric structure of styrene-acrylonitrile and styrene-methylacrylate copolymer pyrolysis products,
Chromatographia, 1980, 13, 3, 151-156, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02259304
. [all data]
Zenkevich, 2005
Zenkevich, I.G.,
Experimentally measured retention indices., 2005. [all data]
Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997
Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D.,
Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technicalseries1997-01-011.pdf. [all data]
Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996
Zenkevich, I.G.; Chupalov, A.A.,
New Possibilities of Chromato Mass Pectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds Using Increments of Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices of Molecular Structural Fragments,
Zh. Org. Khim. (Rus.), 1996, 32, 5, 656-666. [all data]
Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992
Strete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J.,
Detection and identification of volatile substances by headspace capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning,
Analyst, 1992, 117, 7, 1111-1127, https://doi.org/10.1039/an9921701111
. [all data]
Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982
Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J.,
Detection and Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood by Headspace Gas Chromatography as an Aid to the Diagnosis of Solvent Abuse,
J. Chromatogr., 1982, 240, 2, 423-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99622-5
. [all data]
Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995
Umano, K.; Hagi, Y.; Nakahara, K.; Shyoji, A.; Shibamoto, T.,
Volatile chemicals formed in the headspace of a heated D-glucose/L-cysteine Maillard model system,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 8, 2212-2218, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00056a046
. [all data]
Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2008
Soria, A.C.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanz, J.,
Some aspects of dynamic headspace analysis of volatile components in honey,
Foog Res. International, 2008, 41, 8, 838-848, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2008.07.010
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
T Temperature ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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