Propyl mercaptan
- Formula: C3H8S
- Molecular weight: 76.161
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: SUVIGLJNEAMWEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 107-03-9
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 1-Propanethiol; n-Propyl mercaptan; Propanethiol; 1-Propyl mercaptan; n-C3H7SH; Propane-1-thiol; 1-Mercaptopropane; 1-Propylthiol; n-Propylthiol; Propylthiol
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -16.39 ± 0.15 | kcal/mol | Ccr | Hubbard and Waddington, 1954 | Heat of combustion calculated author's U=-675.26 |
Reaction thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: C3H9Sn+ + C3H8S = (C3H9Sn+ • C3H8S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 34.2 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Stone and Splinter, 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 32.2 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Stone and Splinter, 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kcal/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
17.3 | 525. | PHPMS | Stone and Splinter, 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
C3H7S- + =
By formula: C3H7S- + H+ = C3H8S
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 354.2 ± 2.2 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 347.9 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
By formula: 2C3H8S + I2 = 2HI + C6H14S2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -29.85 | kcal/mol | Cm | Sunner, 1955 | liquid phase; solvent: Ethanol/water(90/10); ALS |
By formula: C5H10OS + H2O = C3H8S + C2H4O2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -0.93 ± 0.06 | kcal/mol | Cm | Wadso, 1957 | liquid phase; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS |
IR Spectrum
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Gas Phase Spectrum
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Additional Data
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Owner | NIST Standard Reference Data Program Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center |
State | gas |
Instrument | HP-GC/MS/IRD |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 100. | 617.0 | Miller and Bruno, 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm |
Capillary | DB-5 | 120. | 630.0 | Miller and Bruno, 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm |
Capillary | DB-5 | 60. | 615.4 | Miller and Bruno, 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm |
Capillary | DB-5 | 80. | 615.7 | Miller and Bruno, 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm |
Packed | Apiezon M | 130. | 623. | Garbuzov, Misharina, et al., 1985 | He or N2, Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS; Column length: 2.1 m |
Packed | Squalane | 60. | 586. | Zygmunt and Staszewski, 1981 | Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | Squalane | 80. | 590. | Zygmunt and Staszewski, 1981 | Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | Apiezon M | 130. | 619. | Golovnya and Garbuzov, 1974 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.1 m |
Packed | DC-200 | 60. | 603. | Golovnya and Arsen'ev, 1970 | Column length: 1.5 m |
Packed | SE-30 | 60. | 600. | Golovnya and Arsen'ev, 1970 | Column length: 1.5 m |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Apiezon M | 623. | Zhu, Wang, et al., 2007 | Program: not specified |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | Carbowax 20M | 110. | 840. | Möckel and Zolg, 1977 | He, Chromosorb W AW (80-100 mesh); Column length: 6. m |
Kovats' RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | PEG-20M | 857. | Zhu, Wang, et al., 2007 | Program: not specified |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | CP-Sil 8CB-MS | 614. | Bruna, Hierro, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 600.0 | Farkas, Hradský, et al., 1992 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, H2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 230. C |
Capillary | HP-1 | 587. | Kuo and Ho, 1992 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 624. | Zhang and Ho, 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 857. | Nielsen, Larsen, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 843. | Nielsen and Poll, 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 845. | Storsberg, Schulz, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 10. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 830. | Cha, Kim, et al., 1998 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 833. | Cha, Kim, et al., 1998 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 855. | Schulz, Krüger, et al., 1998 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 4. K/min; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 220. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 100. | 617. | Safa and Hadjmohannadi, 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.10 μm, Nitrogen |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 60. | 615. | Safa and Hadjmohannadi, 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.10 μm, Nitrogen |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 80. | 616. | Safa and Hadjmohannadi, 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.10 μm, Nitrogen |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | PONA | 594. | Yang, Wang, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, N2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 170. C |
Capillary | PONA | 601. | Yang, Wang, et al., 2003 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 150. C |
Capillary | PONA | 600. | Yang, Yang, et al., 2003 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 2. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 170. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 614. | Macku and Shibamoto, 1991 | He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 160. C |
Packed | Porapack Q | 579. | Guevas A.P. and Tellez, 1977 | Helium, Porapak Q, 8. K/min; Column length: 3.5 m; Tstart: 220. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 | 609. | Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 2009 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (2 min) 2 0Cmin -> 60 0C 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 20 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (10 min) |
Capillary | PONA | 600. | Yang, Wang, et al., 2003 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 605. | Zenkevich, 1998 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 596. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 817. | Gyawalia, Seo, et al., 2006 | 60. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 220C(20min) => 5C/min => 230C |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Hubbard and Waddington, 1954
Hubbard, W.N.; Waddington, G.,
The heat of combustion, formation and isomerization of propanethiol-1, propane-thiol-2 and 2-thiabutane,
Rec. Trav. Chim. Pays/Bas, 1954, 73, 910. [all data]
Stone and Splinter, 1984
Stone, J.A.; Splinter, D.E.,
A high-pressure mass spectrometric study of the binding of (CH3)3Sn+ to lewis bases in the gas phase,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 59, 169. [all data]
Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr.,
The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]
Sunner, 1955
Sunner, S.,
Strain in 6,8-thioctic acid,
Nature (London), 1955, 176, 217. [all data]
Wadso, 1957
Wadso, I.,
The heats of hydrolysis of some alkyl thiolesters,
Acta Chem. Scand., 1957, 11, 1745-1751. [all data]
Miller and Bruno, 2003
Miller, K.E.; Bruno, T.J.,
Isothermal Kováts retention indices of sulfur compounds on a poly(5% diphenyl-95% dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 1007, 1-2, 117-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00958-0
. [all data]
Garbuzov, Misharina, et al., 1985
Garbuzov, V.G.; Misharina, T.A.; Aerov, A.F.; Golovnya, R.V.,
Gas chromatographic retention indices for sulphur(II)-containing organic substances,
J. Anal. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 1985, 40, 4, 576-586. [all data]
Zygmunt and Staszewski, 1981
Zygmunt, B.; Staszewski, R.,
Retention index and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric identification of thiols in liquified gas,
Chem. Anal. (Warsaw), 1981, 26, 109-113. [all data]
Golovnya and Garbuzov, 1974
Golovnya, R.V.; Garbuzov, V.G.,
Effect of heteroatom in aliphatic sulfur- and oxygen-containing compounds on the values of the retention indices in gas chromatography,
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Khim., 1974, 7, 1519-1521. [all data]
Golovnya and Arsen'ev, 1970
Golovnya, R.V.; Arsen'ev, Y.N.,
Gas-chromatographic method for the analysis of n-mercaptans and symmetrical n-sulfides and n-disulfides,
Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Div. Chem. Sci. (Engl. Transl.), 1970, 6, 4, 1316-1318, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00852683
. [all data]
Zhu, Wang, et al., 2007
Zhu, X.H.; Wang, W.; Schramm, K.-W.; Niu, W.,
Prediction of the Kova´ ts Retention Indices of Thiols by Use of Quantum Chemical and Physicochemical Descriptors,
Chromatographia, 2007, 65, 11-12, 719-724, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-007-0237-3
. [all data]
Möckel and Zolg, 1977
Möckel, H.J.; Zolg, M.,
Retentionsindices n-aliphatischer Schwefelverbindungen,
Z. Anal. Chem., 1977, 285, 1, 45-46, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00446017
. [all data]
Bruna, Hierro, et al., 2003
Bruna, J.M.; Hierro, E.M.; de la Hoz, L.; Mottram, D.S.; Fernández, M.; Ordóñez, J.A.,
Changes in selected biochemical and sensory parameters as affected by the superficial inoculation of Penicillium camemberti on dry fermented sausages,
Int. J. Food Microbiol., 2003, 85, 1-2, 111-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(02)00505-6
. [all data]
Farkas, Hradský, et al., 1992
Farkas, P.; Hradský, P.; Kovác, M.,
Novel flavour components identified in the steamn distillate of onion (Allium cepa L.),
Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch., 1992, 195, 5, 459-462, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01191718
. [all data]
Kuo and Ho, 1992
Kuo, M.-C.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile constituents of the distilled oils of Welsh onions (Allium fistulosum L. variety Maichuon) and scallions (Allium fistulosum L. variety Caespitosum),
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1992, 40, 1, 111-117, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00013a021
. [all data]
Zhang and Ho, 1991
Zhang, Y.; Ho, C.-T.,
Formation of meatlike aroma compounds from thermal reaction of inosine 5'-monophosphate with cysteine and glutathione,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 6, 1145-1148, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00006a031
. [all data]
Nielsen, Larsen, et al., 2004
Nielsen, G.S.; Larsen, L.M.; Poll, L.,
Impact of blanching and packaging atmosphere on the formation of aroma compounds during long-term frozen storage of leek (Allium ampeloprasum Var. Bulga) slices,
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. [all data]
Nielsen and Poll, 2004
Nielsen, G.S.; Poll, L.,
Determination of odor active aroma compounds in freshly cut leek (Allium ampeloprasum Var. Bulga) and in long-term stored frozen unblanched and blanched leek slices by gas chromatography olfactometry analysis,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 6, 1642-1646, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030682k
. [all data]
Storsberg, Schulz, et al., 2004
Storsberg, J.; Schulz, H.; Keusgen, M.; Tannous, F.; Dehmer, K.J.; Joachim Keller, E.R.,
Chemical characterization of interspecific hybrids between Allium cepa L. and Allium kermesinum Rchb.,
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. [all data]
Cha, Kim, et al., 1998
Cha, Y.J.; Kim, H.; Cadwallader, K.R.,
Aroma-active compounds in Kimchi during fermentation,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 5, 1944-1953, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9706991
. [all data]
Schulz, Krüger, et al., 1998
Schulz, H.; Krüger, H.; Liebmann, J.; Peterka, H.,
Distribution of volatile sulfur compounds in an interspecific hybrid between onion (Allium cepa L.) and leek (Allium porrum L.),
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 12, 5220-5224, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9806208
. [all data]
Safa and Hadjmohannadi, 2005
Safa, F.; Hadjmohannadi, M.R.,
Use of topological indices of organic sulfur compounds in quantitative structure-retention relationship study,
QSAR Comb. Sci., 2005, 24, 9, 1026-1032, https://doi.org/10.1002/qsar.200530008
. [all data]
Yang, Wang, et al., 2004
Yang, Y.; Wang, Z.; Zong, B.; Yang, H.,
Determination of sulfur compounds in fluid catalytic cracking gasoline by gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminiscence detector,
Chin. J. Chromatogr., 2004, 22, 3, 216-219. [all data]
Yang, Wang, et al., 2003
Yang, Y.-T.; Wang, Z.; Han. J.-H.; Tian, H.-P.; Yang, H.-Y.,
Determination of sulfur compounds in gasoline fraction of microreactor products by gas chromatography - Atomic emission detector,
Petrochemical Technology (Shiyou Huagong), 2003, 32, 11, 995-998. [all data]
Yang, Yang, et al., 2003
Yang, Y.T.; Yang, H.Y.; Zong, B.N.; Lu, W.Z.,
determination and distribution of sulfur compounds in gasoline by gas chromatography-atomic emission detector,
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Macku and Shibamoto, 1991
Macku, C.; Shibamoto, T.,
Volatile sulfur-containing compounds generated from the thermal interaction of corn oil and cysteine,
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Guevas A.P. and Tellez, 1977
Guevas A.P.; Tellez, J.V.G.,
Determination de mercaptanos de C2 a C4 an muestras gaseosas de hydrocarburos de C4 a C5 por chromatographia en fase vapor,
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Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 2009
Rotsatschakul, P.; Visesanguan, W.; Smitinont, T.; Chaiseri, S.,
Changes in volatile compounds during fermentation of nham (Thai fermented sausage),
Int. Food Res. J., 2009, 16, 391-414. [all data]
Zenkevich, 1998
Zenkevich, I.G.,
The Principle of Structural Analogy in the Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices using Physico-Chemical Constants of Organic Compounds,
Zh. Anal. Khim. (Rus.), 1998, 53, 1, 43-49. [all data]
Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W.,
Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]
Gyawalia, Seo, et al., 2006
Gyawalia, R.; Seo, H.-Y.; Lee, H.-J.; Song, H.-P.; Kim, D.-H.; Byun, M.-W.; Kim, K.-S.,
Effect of γ-irradiation on volatile compounds of dried Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.),
Radiat. Phys. Chem., 2006, 75, 2, 322-328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.07.001
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
T Temperature ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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