Butane

• Formula: C₄H₁₀
• Molecular weight: 58.1222
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10/c1-3-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 106-97-8
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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• Other names: n-Butane; Diethyl; Freon 600; Liquefied petroleum gas; LPG; n-C4H10; Butanen; Butani; Methylethylmethane; UN 1011; A 21; HC 600; HC 600 (hydrocarbon); R 600; R 600 (alkane)
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• Information on this page:
  • Normal boiling point
  • References
  • Notes
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  • Fluid Properties
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Normal boiling point

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Gilmour, Zwicker, et al., 1967
Gilmour, J.B.; Zwicker, J.O.; Katz, J.; Scott, R.L., Fluorocarbon Solutions at Low Temperatures V. The Liquid Mixtures C2H6 + C2F6m, C3H8 + C2F6, CH4 + C3F8, C2H6 + C3F8, C3H8 + C3F8, n-C4H10 + C3F8, i-C4H10 + C3F8, C3H8 + n-C4F10, n-C6H14 + n-C4F10, n, J. Phys. Chem., 1967, 71, 3259. [all data]

Klipping and Schmidt, 1965
Klipping, G.; Schmidt, F., Temperature Measurement with the Vapor Pressure Thermometer, Kaeltetechnik, 1965, 17, 382-4. [all data]

Desty and Whyman, 1957
Desty, D.H.; Whyman, B.H.F., Anal. Chem., 1957, 29, 320. [all data]

Foehr and Fenske, 1949
Foehr, E.G.; Fenske, M.R., Magneto-optic Rotation of Hydrocarbons, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 1956. [all data]

Lecat, 1948
Lecat, M., Orthobaric binary azeotropes of ethers with hydrocarbons, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. 1, 1948, 62, 55. [all data]

Partington and Danby, 1948
Partington, R.G.; Danby, C.J., The thermal decomposition of n-hexane, J. Chem. Soc., 1948, 1948, 2226-32. [all data]

Rossini, 1948
Rossini, F.D., Pure compounds from petroleum purification and purity of hydrocarbons, Anal. Chem., 1948, 20, 110-21. [all data]

Hooper, 1947
Hooper, J.H.D., The analysis of hydrocarbon gases by low temperature distillation, Analyst (London), 1947, 72, 513-20. [all data]

Haensel and Ipatieff, 1946
Haensel, V.; Ipatieff, W., Selective Demethylation of Paraffin Hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 345. [all data]

Dailey and Felsing, 1943
Dailey, B.P.; Felsing, W.A., Heat capacities of and hindered rotation in n-butane and isobutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1943, 65, 44. [all data]

Rossini, 1943
Rossini, F.D., Pet. Eng., 1943, 14, 5, 41-2. [all data]

Balandin, Marushkin, et al., 1942
Balandin, A.A.; Marushkin, M.N.; Afanas'ev, M.M., Acta Physicochim. URSS, 1942, 17, 82. [all data]

Balandin, Marushkin, et al., 1941
Balandin, A.A.; Marushkin, M.N.; Afanas'ev, M.M., Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1941, 1941, 79. [all data]

Benoliel, 1941
Benoliel, R.W., Some Physical Constants of Seven Four-Carbon-Atom Hydrocarbons and Neopentane, M.S. Thesis, Penn. State Univ., Univ. Park, PA, 1941. [all data]

Grosse, 1937
Grosse, A.V., Refractive Indices at Low Temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2739-41. [all data]

Matuszak and Frey, 1937
Matuszak, M.P.; Frey, F.E., Seperating butenes from butanes. distillation of azeotropic mixtures with sulfur dioxide., Anal. Chem., 1937, 9, 111. [all data]

Peters and Lohmar, 1937
Peters, K.; Lohmar, W., Quantitative separation and preparation of pure hydrocarbons by means of desorption in vacuo, Angew. Chem., 1937, 50, 40-2. [all data]

McMillan, 1936
McMillan, W.A., I analytical fractionation of hydrocarbon gases, J. Inst. Pet. Technol., 1936, 22, 616-45. [all data]

Suter and Gerhart, 1935
Suter, C.M.; Gerhart, H.L., The Reaction of Alkyl Sulfates and p-Toluenesulfonates with Grignard Reagent and the Preparation of Dialkylmagnesium Compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 107. [all data]

Kohlraush and Koppl, 1934
Kohlraush, K.W.F.; Koppl, F., Z. Phys. Chem., Abt. B, 1934, 26, 209. [all data]

Hurd, Parrish, et al., 1933
Hurd, C.D.; Parrish, C.I.; Pilgrim, F.D., The Pyrolysis of n-Butane at Low Decomposition Temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1933, 55, 5016. [all data]

Davis, Thomson, et al., 1932
Davis, H.S.; Thomson, G.; Crandall, G.S., The role of liquid stationary films in batch absorption of gases: III rates of hydrogen absorption and relative rates of catalytic hydrogenation in alcohol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1932, 54, 2340. [all data]

Bruche, 1930
Bruche, E., Cross sections and molecule structures in the hydrocarbon series: methane, ethane, propane and n-butane, Ann. Phys. (Leipzig), 1930, 4, 387. [all data]

Nekrassow, 1929
Nekrassow, B., Boiling temperatures in homologous series, Z. Phys. Chem., Abt. A, 1929, 140, 342-54. [all data]

Coffin and Maass, 1928
Coffin, C.C.; Maass, O., The Preparation and Physical Properties of α-,β- and γ-Butylene and Normal and Isobutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1928, 50, 1427-37. [all data]

Lagerlof, 1918
Lagerlof, D., Thermodynamic research: reduced formulas for simplified calculations of latent molar heat of evaporation, J. Prakt. Chem., 1918, 98, 136. [all data]

Kuenen, 1911
Kuenen, J.P., Commun. Kamerlingh Onnes Lab. Univ. Leiden, 1911, No. 125, 1. [all data]

Timmermans, 1911
Timmermans, J., Researches on the freezing point of organic liquid compounds, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1911, 25, 300. [all data]

Ouedinoff, 1909
Ouedinoff, M., The characteristics of butane, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1909, 23, 266. [all data]

Tafel and Jurgens, 1909
Tafel, J.; Jurgens, W., Preparation of Hydrocarbons by Electrolytic Reduction of Acetoacetic Ester, Chem. Ber., 1909, 42, 2548. [all data]

Warren, 1866
Warren, C.M., Chem. News J. Ind. Sci., 1866, 13, 74. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Tboil

  Boiling point

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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