Phenol, 4-chloro-

• Formula: C₆H₅ClO
• Molecular weight: 128.556
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H5ClO/c7-5-1-3-6(8)4-2-5/h1-4,8H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WXNZTHHGJRFXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 106-48-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: p-Chlorophenol; Phenol, p-chloro-; 4-Chlorophenol; 4-Hydroxychlorobenzene; p-Chlorfenol; Applied 3-78; NSC 2877; p-Chlorophenic acid; Parachlorophenol
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• Information on this page:
  • Phase change data
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
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  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of sublimation

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Lecat, 1926
Lecat, M., New binary azeotropes: 3rd list, Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B, 1926, 45, 284-94. [all data]

Poeti, Faneli, et al., 1982
Poeti, G.; Faneli, E.; Braghetti, M.J., A differential scanning calorimetric study of some phenol derivatives, Therm. Anal., 1982, 24, 2, 273, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01913681 . [all data]

Verevkin, Emel'yanenko, et al., 2007
Verevkin, Sergey P.; Emel'yanenko, Vladimir N.; Klamt, Andreas, Thermochemistry of Chlorobenzenes and Chlorophenols: Ambient Temperature Vapor Pressures and Enthalpies of Phase Transitions, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2007, 52, 2, 499-510, https://doi.org/10.1021/je060429r . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H., Uber sublimationswarmen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1938, 39, 194-208. [all data]

Poeti, Fanelli, et al., 1982
Poeti, G.; Fanelli, E.; Braghetti, M., A differential scanning calorimetric study of some phenol derivatives, J. Therm. Anal., 1982, 24(2), 273-279. [all data]

Acree, 1991
Acree, William E., Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds: enthalpy of fusion and melting point temperature compilation, Thermochimica Acta, 1991, 189, 1, 37-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)87098-H . [all data]

Kuhn, 2001
Kuhn, E.R., Selectivity vs. polarity: the fundamentals of chromatographic separation, J. Sep. Sci., 2001, 24, 6, 473-476, https://doi.org/10.1002/1615-9314(20010601)24:6<473::AID-JSSC473>3.0.CO;2-Y . [all data]

Evans and Haken, 1989
Evans, M.B.; Haken, J.K., Dispersion and selectivity indices in gas chromatography. IV. Chlorinated aromatic compounds, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 468, 373-382, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96332-5 . [all data]

Shakirov, Tsypysheva, et al., 1988
Shakirov, L.G.; Tsypysheva, L.G.; Suleimamova, R.A.; Naimushin, A.I.; Tsypyshev, O.Yu., Gas chromatographic determination of the products of the synthesis of chlorine-substituted salicylic acids, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 143-146. [all data]

Korhonen, 1984
Korhonen, I.O.O., Gas-liquid chromatographic analyses. XXXI. Retention increments of isomeric chlorophenols on low-polarity (SE-30) and polar (FFAP) capillary columns, J. Chromatogr., 1984, 315, 185-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)90736-8 . [all data]

Radecki, Grzybowski, et al., 1979
Radecki, A.; Grzybowski, J.; Lamparczyk, H.; Nasal, A., Relationships between retention indices and substituent constants of phenols on polar stationary phases, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1979, 2, 9, 581-582, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240020911 . [all data]

Grzybowski, Lamparczyk, et al., 1980
Grzybowski, J.; Lamparczyk, H.; Nasal, A.; Radecki, A., Relationship between the retention indices of phenols on polar and non-polar stationary phases, J. Chromatogr., 1980, 196, 2, 217-223, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)80441-0 . [all data]

Tret'yakov, 2007
Tret'yakov, K.V., Retention Data. NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center., NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 2007. [all data]

Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997
Yasuhara, A.; Shiraishi, H.; Nishikawa, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Uehiro, T.; Nakasugi, O.; Okumura, T.; Kenmotsu, K.; Fukui, H.; Nagase, M.; Ono, Y.; Kawagoshi, Y.; Baba, K.; Noma, Y., Determination of organic components in leachates from hazardous waste disposal sites in Japan by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 774, 1-2, 321-332, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00078-2 . [all data]

Messadi and Ali-Mokhnache, 1993
Messadi, D.; Ali-Mokhnache, S., Calculation of retention indices and peak widths in temperature programmed gas-liquid chromatography, Chromatographia, 1993, 37, 5/6, 264-270, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02278631 . [all data]

Okumura, 1991
Okumura, T., retention indices of environmental chemicals on methyl silicone capillary column, Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Japan), 1991, 1, 2, 333-358, https://doi.org/10.5985/jec.1.333 . [all data]

Harland, Cumming, et al., 1986
Harland, B.J.; Cumming, R.I.; Gillings, E., The Kovats indexes of some organic micropollutants on an SE54 capillary column, EUR, I Org. Micropollut. Aquat. Environ., 1986, EUR 10388, 123-127. [all data]

SGE Co., 2008
SGE Co., The Importance of Low Bleed Columns for GC-MS; Technical Article, The Importance of Low Bleed Columns for GC-MS, SGE Co., 2008, 2, retrieved from http://www.sge-com. [all data]

Yu and Zazhi, 2005
Yu, H.; Zazhi, J., Relationship between chromatogram retention index and toxicity of chlorinated phenols and chlorinated benzenes to Guppy, J. Enviropn. Health (Chinese), 2005, 22, 6, 441-444. [all data]

Nakano, Fujimori, et al., 1992
Nakano, T.; Fujimori, K.; Takaishi, Y.; Okuno, T., GC/MS-SIM analysis of polychlorobenzenes, polychlorophenols and polychloronaphthalenes, Report of the Environmental Science Institute of Hyogo Prefecture, 1992, 24, 30-37. [all data]

Peterson, 1992
Peterson, K.L., Counter-Propagation Neural Networks in the Modeling and Prediction of Kovats Indices for Substituted Phenols, Anal. Chem., 1992, 64, 4, 379-386, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00028a011 . [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔsubH	Enthalpy of sublimation
  ΔsubH°	Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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