2(3H)-Furanone, dihydro-5-pentyl-
- Formula: C9H16O2
- Molecular weight: 156.2221
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: OALYTRUKMRCXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 104-61-0
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: γ-n-Amylbutyrolactone; γ-Amyl-γ-butyrolactone; γ-Amylbutyrolactone; γ-Nonalactone; γ-Nonanolactone; γ-Nonanolide; Nonan-1,4-olide; Nonanoic acid, 4-hydroxy-, γ-lactone; Prunolide; 4-Hydroxynonanoic acid lactone; 4-Nonanolide; 4-Pentylbutanolide; γ-Nonanoic lactone; Aldehyde C-18; 4-Hydroxynonanoic acid, γ-lactone; 1,4-Nonalolide; γ-Nonalacton; (3H)-Dihydro-5-pentyl-2-furanone; 5-Pentyl-γ-lactone; 5-Pentyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one; Dihydro-5-pentyl-2(3H)-furanone; (.+/-.)-γ-Nonalactone; Cocos aldehyde; 5-Pentyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone; Nonan-4-olide; 5-pentyldihydrofuran-2( 3H)-one (γ-nonalactone); Dihydro-5-pentyl-2(3H)-furanon
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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | TR-5 MS | SLB-5 MS | SLB-5 MS | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups |
Column length (m) | 15. | 30. | 30. | ||
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Program | 35 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 80 0C (3 min) 4 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min) | not specified | not specified | not specified | not specified |
I | 1362. | 1358. | 1367. | 1361. | 1372. |
Reference | Kurashov, Mitrukova, et al., 2014 | Mondello, 2012 | Mondello, 2012 | Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012 | Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Siloxane, 5 % Ph | Polydimethyl siloxane, 5 % phenyl | CP Sil-5 CB | CP-Sil 5 CB | SE-54 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 30. | ||
Carrier gas | Nitrogen | Nitrogen | Helium | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 1.20 | 1.20 | 0.25 | ||
Program | not specified | not specified | 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C | 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C | 35 0C (2 min) 10 0C/min -> 50 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 250 0C |
I | 1378. | 1378. | 1322. | 1322. | 1363. |
Reference | VOC BinBase, 2012 | Skogerson, Wohlgemuth, et al., 2011 | Bailly and Collin, 2010 | Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2009 | Christlbauer and Schieberle, 2009 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | RTX-5 MS | RTX-5 MS | SE-54 | CB-1 | CB-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Program | 50 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 300 0C | not specified | not specified | 40 0C (2 min) 4 0C/min -> 180 0C 20 0C/min -> 220 0C (1 min) | not specified |
I | 1374. | 1366. | 1365. | 1327. | 1318. |
Reference | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 2008 | Kannaste, Vongvanich, et al., 2008 | Kannaste, Vongvanich, et al., 2008 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-5 | DB-5 MS | HP-5 | HP-5 | DB-5 MS |
Column length (m) | 50. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1.05 | 1.0 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Program | 40 0C (10 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min) | -10 0C (3 min) 50 0C/min -> 40 0C 5 0C/min -> 290 0C (5 min) | 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min) | not specified | 50 0C (2.8 min) 5.5 0C/min -> 140 0C (1 min) 4.5 oC/min -> 220 0C -> 225 0C (2 min) 3.4 0C/min -> 265 0C (5 min) |
I | 1379. | 1371. | 1364. | 1363. | 1335. |
Reference | Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 2008 | Watanabe, Ueda, et al., 2008 | Zhao, Li, et al., 2008 | Zhao, Li, et al., 2008 | Zhu, Li, et al., 2008 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 MS | DB-5 | DB-1 | DB-5 | HP-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 60. | 50. | |
Carrier gas | Helium | N2 | Helium | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.32 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Program | 50 0C (2.8 min) 5.5 0C/min -> 140 0C (1 min) 4.5 oC/min -> 220 0C -> 225 0C (2 min) 3.4 0C/min -> 265 0C (5 min) | 40C(2min) => 40C/min => 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 230C(10min) | 40C(1min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 200C(9min) | 60 0C (1 min) 5 0C/min -> 160 0C 10 0C/min -> 250 0C | 50C => 3C/min => 200C(10min) => 10C/min => 290C(10min) |
I | 1356. | 1363. | 1317. | 1361. | 1372. |
Reference | Zhu, Li, et al., 2008 | Buettner, 2007 | Lin, Peng, et al., 2007 | Nivinsliene, Butkiene, et al., 2007 | Splivallo, Bossi, et al., 2007 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | CP-Sil 5 CB | CP Sil 5 CB | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | HP-5 | HP-5 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 50. | ||
Carrier gas | Helium | He | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 1.20 | 1.2 | 1.05 | ||
Program | 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 1345 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C | 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C | not specified | not specified | 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min) |
I | 1322. | 1322. | 1366. | 1366. | 1379. |
Reference | Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2006 | Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2006, 2 | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005 | Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005 | Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | SE-30 | Methyl Silicone | HP-5 | CP-Sil 5 CB |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 50. | ||
Carrier gas | He | Helium | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 1.05 | 1.05 | 1.20 | ||
Program | 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min) | not specified | not specified | not specified | 36 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C (30 min) |
I | 1379. | 1318. | 1323. | 1373.4 | 1325. |
Reference | Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 2 | Vinogradov, 2004 | Bakshu and Raju, 2002 | David, Scanlan, et al., 2002 | Gijs, Chevanese, et al., 2002 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | CP Sil 5 CB | SE-54 | SE-54 | RSL-150 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 50. | 25. | 30. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.20 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Program | not specified | 36C => 20C/min => 120C(20min) => 2C/min => 250C(30min) | 35C(2min) => 50C/min => 60C(2min) => 4C/min => 230C | 35C => 40C/min => 60C (1min) => 6C/min => 250C | 30c (1.5min) => 20C/min => 55C => 6C/min => 200C(10min) |
I | 1335. | 1325. | 1366. | 1352. | 1320. |
Reference | Rapior, Breheret, et al., 2002 | Lermusieau, Bulens, et al., 2001 | Zehentbauer and Grosch, 1998 | Lizárraga-Guerra, Guth, et al., 1997 | Buchbauer, Nikiforov, et al., 1994 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-54 | SE-54 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 35. |
Carrier gas | He | He |
Substrate | ||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | ||
Program | 35 0C (5 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C 2 0C/min -> 250 0C | not specified |
I | 1370. | 1388. |
Reference | Um, Bailey, et al., 1992 | Fagan, Kepner, et al., 1982 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Kurashov, Mitrukova, et al., 2014
Kurashov, E.A.; Mitrukova, G.G.; Krylova, Yu.V.,
Variations in the component composition of essential oil of Ceratophyllum demersum (Ceratophyllaceae) during vegetation (in press),
Plant Resources (Rastitel'nye Resursy), 2014, 1, 000-000. [all data]
Mondello, 2012
Mondello, L.,
HS-SPME-GCxGC-MS analysis of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis)
in Shimadzu GC-GC application compendium of comprehensive 2D GC, Vol. 1-5, Shimadzu Corp., 2012, 1-29. [all data]
Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012
Robinson, A.L.; Adams, D.O.; Boss, P.K.; Heymann, H.; Solomon, P.S.; Trengove, R.D.,
Influence of geographic origine on the sensory characteristics and wine composition of Vitus viniferas cv. Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Australia (Supplemental data),
Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 2012, 64, 4, 467-476, https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2012.12023
. [all data]
VOC BinBase, 2012
VOC BinBase,
The volatile compound BinBase (VOC BinBase), 2012, retrieved from http://fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/projects/VocBinBase and http://binbase.sourceforge.net. [all data]
Skogerson, Wohlgemuth, et al., 2011
Skogerson, K.; Wohlgemuth, G.; Fiehn, O.,
VocBinNase, 2011, retrieved from http://fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/projects//VocBinBase. [all data]
Bailly and Collin, 2010
Bailly, S.; Collin, S.,
Fate of polyunsaturated thiols in sauternes wines through ageing
in Expression of Multidisciplinary Flavour Sci., Blank, I.; Wust, M.; Yertzian, C., ed(s)., Zhaw Ed., 2010, 227-230, retrieved from https://home.zhaw.ch/tildayere/pdf/Teil58-Expression of Multidisciplinary.pdf. [all data]
Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2009
Bailly, S.; Jerkovic, V.; Meuree, A.; Timmermans, A.; Collin, S.,
Fate of key odorants in Sauternes wines through aging,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 18, 8557-8563, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf901429d
. [all data]
Christlbauer and Schieberle, 2009
Christlbauer, M.; Schieberle, P.,
Characterization of the key aroma compounds in beef and pork vegetable gravies a la chef by application of the aroma extract dilution analysis,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 19, 9114-9112, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9023189
. [all data]
Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009
Mebazaa, R.; Mahmoudi, A.; Fouchet, M.; Dos Santos, M.; Kamissoko, F.; Nafti, A.; Ben Cheikh, R.; Rega, B.; Camel, V.,
Characterization of volatile compounds in Tunisian fenugreek seeds,
Food Chem., 2009, 115, 4, 1326-1336, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.01.066
. [all data]
Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 2008
Frauendorfer, F.; Schieberle, P.,
Changes in key aroma compounds of criollo cocoa beans during roasting,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2008, 56, 21, 10244-10251, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf802098f
. [all data]
Kannaste, Vongvanich, et al., 2008
Kannaste, A.; Vongvanich, N.; Borg-Karlson, A.-K.,
Infestation by a Nalepella species induces emissions of alpha- and beta-farnesenes, (-)-linalool and aromatic compounds in Norway spruce clones of different susceptibility to the large pine weevil,
Anthropod-Plant Interactions, 2008, 2, 1, 31-41, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-008-9029-4
. [all data]
Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 2008
Ventanas, S.; Estevez, M.; Andres, A.I.; Ruiz, J.,
Analysis of volatile compounds of Iberian dry-cured loins with different intramuscular fat contents using SPME-DED,
Meat Sci., 2008, 79, 1, 172-180, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.08.011
. [all data]
Watanabe, Ueda, et al., 2008
Watanabe, A.; Ueda, Y.; Higuchi, M.; Shiba, N.,
Analysis of volatile compounds in beef fat by dinamic-headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry,
J. Food Sci., 2008, 73, 5, 420-425, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00764.x
. [all data]
Zhao, Li, et al., 2008
Zhao, Y.; Li, J.; Xu, Y.; Duan, H.; Fan, W.; Zhao, G.,
EXtraction, preparation and identification of volatile compounds in Changyu XO brandy,
Chinese J. Chromatogr., 2008, 26, 2, 212-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2059(08)60014-0
. [all data]
Zhu, Li, et al., 2008
Zhu, M.; Li, E.; He, H.,
Determination of volatile chemical constitutes in tea by simultaneous distillation extraction, vacuum hydrodistillation and thermal desrption,
Chromatographia, 2008, 68, 7/8, 603-610, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-008-0732-1
. [all data]
Buettner, 2007
Buettner, A.,
A selective and sensitive approach to characterize odour-active and volatile constituents in small-scale human milk samples,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 6, 465-473, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1822
. [all data]
Lin, Peng, et al., 2007
Lin, L.-Y.; Peng, C.-H.; Wang, H.-E.; Wu, T.-H.; Chen, C.-C.; Yu, T.-H.; Wu, C.-M.; Peng, R.Y.,
Factors affecting solid phase microextraction (SPME) to concentrate the odorants of Chinese white salted noodles for GC-MS analysis,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 4, 274-279, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1792
. [all data]
Nivinsliene, Butkiene, et al., 2007
Nivinsliene, O.; Butkiene, R.; Gudalevic, A.; Mockute, D.; Meskauskiene, V.; Grigaliunaite, B.,
Influence of urban environment on chemical composition of Tilia cordata essential oil,
Chemija, 2007, 18, 1, 44-49. [all data]
Splivallo, Bossi, et al., 2007
Splivallo, R.; Bossi, S.; Maffei, M.; Bonfante, P.,
Discrimination of truffle fruiting body versus mycelial aromas by stir bar sorptive extraction,
Phytochemistry, 2007, 68, 20, 2584-2598, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.03.030
. [all data]
Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2006
Bailly, S.; Jerkovic, V.; Collin, S.,
Identification of key-odorants in Sauternes wines, Identification of key-odorants in Sauternes wines, 5th International Terroir Congress, 2006, 4. [all data]
Bailly, Jerkovic, et al., 2006, 2
Bailly, S.; Jerkovic, V.; Marchand-Brynaert, J.; Collin, S.,
Aroma Extraction Dilution Analysis of Sauternes Wines. Key Role of Polyfunctional Thiols,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 19, 7227-7234, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf060814k
. [all data]
Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Rosado, A.; Vázquez, C.,
Volatile constituents of Malay rose apple [Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. Perry],
Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 98-100. [all data]
Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005
Riu-Aumatell, M.; Lopez-Tamames, E.; Buxaderas, S.,
Assessment of the Volatile Composition of Juices of Apricot, Peach, and Pear According to Two Pectolytic Treatments,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 20, 7837-7843, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051397z
. [all data]
Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004
Garcia-Estaban, M.; Ansorena, D.; Astiasaran, I.; Martin, D.; Ruiz, J.,
Comparison of simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the analysis of volatile compounds in dry-cured ham,
J. Sci. Food Agric., 2004, 84, 11, 1364-1370, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1826
. [all data]
Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 2
Garcia-Estaban, M.; Ansorena, D.; Astiasarán, I.; Ruiz, J.,
Study of the effect of different fiber coatings and extraction conditions on dry cured ham volatile compounds extracted by solid-phase microextraction (SPME),
Talanta, 2004, 64, 2, 458-466, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2004.03.007
. [all data]
Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A.,
Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]
Bakshu and Raju, 2002
Bakshu, L.Md.; Raju, R.R.V.,
Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of tuberous roots of Pimpinella tirupatiensis Bal. Subr., an endemic taxon from eastern ghats, India,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 6, 413-415, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1118
. [all data]
David, Scanlan, et al., 2002
David, F.; Scanlan, F.; Sandra, P.; Szelewski, M.,
Analysis of essential oil compounds using retention time locked methods and retention time databases, 2002, retrieved from http://www.chem.agilent.com. [all data]
Gijs, Chevanese, et al., 2002
Gijs, L.; Chevanese, F.; Jerkovic, V.; Collin, S.,
How low pH can intensify beta-damascenone and dimethyl trisulfide production through beer aging,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 20, 5612-5616, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020563p
. [all data]
Rapior, Breheret, et al., 2002
Rapior, S.; Breheret, S.; Talou T.; Pelissier, Y.; Bessiere, J.-M.,
The anise-like odor of Clitocybe odora, Lentinellus cochleatus and Agaricus essettei,
Mycologia, 2002, 94, 3, 373-376, https://doi.org/10.2307/3761770
. [all data]
Lermusieau, Bulens, et al., 2001
Lermusieau, G.; Bulens, M.; Collin, S.,
Use of GC-olfactometry to identify the hop aromatic compounds in beer,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 8, 3867-3874, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0101509
. [all data]
Zehentbauer and Grosch, 1998
Zehentbauer, G.; Grosch, W.,
Crust aroma of baguettes. I. Key odorants of baguettes prepared in two different ways,
J. Cereal Science, 1998, 28, 1, 81-92, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcrs.1998.0184
. [all data]
Lizárraga-Guerra, Guth, et al., 1997
Lizárraga-Guerra, R.; Guth, H.; López, M.G.,
Identification of the most potent odorants in huitlacoche (Ustilago maydis) and austern pilzen (Pleurotus sp.) by aroma extract dilution analysis and static head-space samples,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 4, 1329-1332, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960650f
. [all data]
Buchbauer, Nikiforov, et al., 1994
Buchbauer, G.; Nikiforov, A.; Remberg, B.,
Headspace constituents of opium,
Planta Medica, 1994, 60, 2, 181-183, https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-959447
. [all data]
Um, Bailey, et al., 1992
Um, K.W.; Bailey, M.E.; Clarke, A.D.; Chao, R.R.,
Concentration and identification of volatile compounds from heated beef fat using supercritical CO2 extraction-gas liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1992, 40, 9, 1641-1646, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00021a033
. [all data]
Fagan, Kepner, et al., 1982
Fagan, G.L.; Kepner, R.E.; Webb, A.D.,
Additional volatile components of Palomino film sherry,
Am. J. Enol. Vitic, 1982, 33, 1, 47-50. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program, References
- Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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