Benzene, propyl-

Formula: C₉H₁₂
Molecular weight: 120.1916
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C9H12/c1-2-6-9-7-4-3-5-8-9/h3-5,7-8H,2,6H2,1H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 103-65-1
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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Other names: n-Propylbenzene; Isocumene; Propylbenzene; 1-Phenylpropane; 1-Propylbenzene; Phenylpropane; UN 2364; Benzene, n-propyl-; NSC 16941
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_gas	7.82 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen, Gilmont, et al., 1945	Hf by Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946; ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_gas	397.86	J/mol*K	N/A	Messerly J.F., 1965	S(298.15 K) estimated by the method of increments [ Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997, Taylor W.J., 1946] is about 2.5 J/mol*K larger than experimental one.; GT

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_liquid	-38.4 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen, Gilmont, et al., 1945	Hf by Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946; ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_cH°_liquid	-5218.24 ± 0.67	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen, Gilmont, et al., 1945	Hf by Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946; Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -38.3 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-5214.8	kJ/mol	Ccb	Richards and Barry, 1915	At 291 K; Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -41.8 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_liquid	287.78	J/mol*K	N/A	Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965	DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

C_p,liquid (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
214.72	298.15	Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965	T = 10 to 370 K.; DH
184.	295.	Tschamler, 1948	DH

Phase change data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	432. ± 2.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 41 out of 46 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_fus	173. ± 2.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 16 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_triple	173.59	K	N/A	Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965, 2	Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
T_triple	171.6	K	N/A	Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965, 2	Metastable crystal phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_c	638.4 ± 0.1	K	N/A	Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
T_c	638.24	K	N/A	Ambrose, Broderick, et al., 1967	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC
T_c	638.36	K	N/A	Ambrose, Cox, et al., 1960	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; Visual, PRT, IPTS-48; TRC
T_c	639.2	K	N/A	Simon, 1957	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC
T_c	638.8	K	N/A	Altschul, 1893	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.6 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_c	32.00 ± 0.10	bar	N/A	Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
P_c	32.00	bar	N/A	Ambrose, Broderick, et al., 1967	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.06 bar; TRC
P_c	31.70	bar	N/A	Altschul, 1893	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.049 bar; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
V_c	0.440	l/mol	N/A	Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
ρ_c	2.27 ± 0.010	mol/l	N/A	Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
ρ_c	2.269	mol/l	N/A	Simon, 1957	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 mol/l; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_vapH°	46.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 8 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
42.7	363.	A,MM	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 348. to 433. K. See also Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949 and Willingham, Taylor, et al., 1945.; AC
43.8	355.	N/A	Paul, Krug, et al., 1986	Based on data from 340. to 391. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference
348.97 to 433.39	4.07584	1490.963	-66.0	Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949, 2

Enthalpy of fusion

Δ_fusH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
9.27	173.6	Acree, 1991	AC

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔH_trs (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Initial Phase	Final Phase	Reference	Comment
8.498	171.67	crystaline, II	liquid	Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965	DH
9.268	173.60	crystaline, I	liquid	Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965	Metastable crystals.; DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔS_trs (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Initial Phase	Final Phase	Reference	Comment
49.50	171.67	crystaline, II	liquid	Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965	DH
53.39	173.60	crystaline, I	liquid	Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965	Metastable; DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Notes

Prosen, Gilmont, et al., 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Gilmont, R.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion of benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, n-propylbenzene, and styrene, J. Res. NBS, 1945, 34, 65-70. [all data]

Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946
Prosen, E.J.; Johnson, W.H.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion and formation at 25°C of the alkylbenzenes through C₁₀H₁₄, and of the higher normal monoalkylbenzenes, J. Res. NBS, 1946, 36, 455-461. [all data]

Messerly J.F., 1965
Messerly J.F., Low-temperature thermodynamic properties of n-propyl- and n-butyl-benzene, J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 4304-4310. [all data]

Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997
Thermodynamics Research Center, Selected Values of Properties of Chemical Compounds., Thermodynamics Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 1997. [all data]

Taylor W.J., 1946
Taylor W.J., Heats, equilibrium constants, and free energies of formation of the alkylbenzenes, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand., 1946, 37, 95-122. [all data]

Richards and Barry, 1915
Richards, T.W.; Barry, F., The heats of combustion of aromatic hydrocarbons and hexamethylene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1915, 37, 993-1020. [all data]

Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965
Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Finke, H.L., Low-temperature thermodynamic properties of n-propyl- and n-butylbenzene, J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 4304-4311. [all data]

Tschamler, 1948
Tschamler, H., Uber binare flussige Mischungen I. Mischungswarment, Volumseffekte und Zustandsdiagramme von chlorex mit benzol und n-alkylbenzolen, Monatsh. Chem., 1948, 79, 162-177. [all data]

Messerly, Todd, et al., 1965, 2
Messerly, J.F.; Todd, S.S.; Finke, H.L., Low-Temperature Thermodynamic Prop. of n-Propyl and n-Butylbenzenes, J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 4304-11. [all data]

Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995
Tsonopoulos, C.; Ambrose, D., Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. 3. Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 547-558. [all data]

Ambrose, Broderick, et al., 1967
Ambrose, D.; Broderick, B.E.; Townsend, R., The Vapour Pressures above the Normal Boiling Point and the Critical Pressures of Some Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Soc. , 1967, 1967, 1967, 633-41. [all data]

Ambrose, Cox, et al., 1960
Ambrose, D.; Cox, J.D.; Townsend, R., The critical temperatures of forty organic compounds, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 1452. [all data]

Simon, 1957
Simon, M., Methods and Apparatus Used at the Bureau of Physicochemical Standards XV. Critical Constants and Straight-Line Diameters of Ten Hydrocarbons, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1957, 66, 375-81. [all data]

Altschul, 1893
Altschul, M., The critical values of some organic compounds, Z. Phys. Chem., Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl., 1893, 11, 577. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949
Forziati, Alphonse F.; Norris, William R.; Rossini, Frederick D., Vapor pressures and boiling points of sixty API-NBS hydrocarbons, J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN., 1949, 43, 6, 555-17, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.043.050 . [all data]

Willingham, Taylor, et al., 1945
Willingham, C.B.; Taylor, W.J.; Pignocco, J.M.; Rossini, F.D., Vapor pressures and boiling points of some paraffin, alkylcyclopentane, alkylcyclohexane, and alkylbenzene hydrocarbons, J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN., 1945, 35, 3, 219-17, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.035.009 . [all data]

Paul, Krug, et al., 1986
Paul, Hanns-Ingolf; Krug, Joseph; Knapp, Helmut, Measurements of VLE, hE and vE for binary mixtures of n-alkanes with n-alkylbenzenes, Thermochimica Acta, 1986, 108, 9-27, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(86)85073-0 . [all data]

Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949, 2
Forziati, A.F.; Norris, W.R.; Rossini, F.D., Vapor Pressures and Boiling Points of Sixty API-NBS Hydrocarbons, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), 1949, 43, 6, 555-563, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.043.050 . [all data]

Acree, 1991
Acree, William E., Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds: enthalpy of fusion and melting point temperature compilation, Thermochimica Acta, 1991, 189, 1, 37-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)87098-H . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References

Symbols used in this document:

C_p,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
P_c	Critical pressure
S°_gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
S°_liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
T_boil	Boiling point
T_c	Critical temperature
T_fus	Fusion (melting) point
T_triple	Triple point temperature
V_c	Critical volume
ΔH_trs	Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔS_trs	Entropy of phase transition
Δ_cH°_liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_fusH	Enthalpy of fusion
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
Δ_vapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
ρ_c	Critical density

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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