Ethanol, protonated
- Formula: C2H7O+
- Molecular weight: 47.0758
- Information on this page:
- Options:
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + C2H6O = (C2H7O+ • C2H6O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 134. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| ΔrH° | 135. | kJ/mol | ICR | Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 119. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| ΔrS° | 119. | J/mol*K | N/A | Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 98.3 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| ΔrG° | 99.2 | kJ/mol | ICR | Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984 |
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + CH4O = (C2H7O+ • CH4O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 124. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 111. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 90.8 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + C2H4O = (C2H7O+ • C2H4O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 131. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 113. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 97.1 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
(C2H7O+ • 2) +
= (C2H7O+ • 3
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • 2H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 3H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 56.1 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 59.4 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 103. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • 3) +
= (C2H7O+ • 4
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • 3H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 4H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 47.3 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 52.3 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 95.4 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • ) +
= (C2H7O+ • 2
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 2H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 78.2 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 80.3 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 113. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrS° | 120. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + C6H6 = (C2H7O+ • C6H6)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 88. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | N/A | Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated |
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36. | 491. | PHPMS | Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated |
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + H2O = (C2H7O+ • H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 111. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 100. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 128. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • 4) +
= (C2H7O+ • 5
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • 4H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 5H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 41. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 87.4 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • 5) +
= (C2H7O+ • 6
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • 5H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 6H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 54.8 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 120. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + CH4O = (C2H7O+ • CH4O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 124. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 111. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 90.8 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + C2H4O = (C2H7O+ • C2H4O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 131. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 113. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 97.1 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + C2H6O = (C2H7O+ • C2H6O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 134. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| ΔrH° | 135. | kJ/mol | ICR | Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 119. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| ΔrS° | 119. | J/mol*K | N/A | Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984 |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 98.3 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
| ΔrG° | 99.2 | kJ/mol | ICR | Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984 |
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + C6H6 = (C2H7O+ • C6H6)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 88. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | N/A | Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated |
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36. | 491. | PHPMS | Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated |
C2H7O+ + = (C2H7O+ •
)
By formula: C2H7O+ + H2O = (C2H7O+ • H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 111. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 100. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 128. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • ) +
= (C2H7O+ • 2
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 2H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 78.2 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 80.3 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 113. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrS° | 120. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • 2) +
= (C2H7O+ • 3
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • 2H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 3H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 56.1 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 59.4 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 103. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • 3) +
= (C2H7O+ • 4
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • 3H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 4H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 47.3 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrH° | 52.3 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 95.4 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • 4) +
= (C2H7O+ • 5
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • 4H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 5H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 41. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 87.4 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986 | gas phase |
(C2H7O+ • 5) +
= (C2H7O+ • 6
)
By formula: (C2H7O+ • 5H2O) + H2O = (C2H7O+ • 6H2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 54.8 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 120. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase |
References
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Larson and McMahon, 1982
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B.,
Formation, Thermochemistry, and Relative Stabilities of Proton - Bound dimers of Oxygen n - Donor Bases from Ion Cyclotron Resonance Solvent - Exchange Equilibria Measurements,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982, 104, 23, 6255, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00387a016
. [all data]
Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973
Grimsrud, E.P.; Kebarle, P.,
Gas Phase Ion Equilibria Studies of the Solvation of the Hydrogen Ion by Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Water. Effect of Hydrogen Bonding,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 24, 7939, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00805a002
. [all data]
Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984
Lias, S.G.; Liebman, J.F.; Levin, R.D.,
Evaluated gas phase basicities and proton affinities of molecules heats of formation of protonated molecules,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1984, 13, 695. [all data]
Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Jr.,
Thermochemical data on Ggs-phase ion-molecule association and clustering reactions,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1011. [all data]
Bomse and Beauchamp, 1981
Bomse, D.S.; Beauchamp, J.L.,
Slow Multiphoton Excitation as a Probe of Bimolecular and Unimolecular Reaction Energetics. Multiphoton Dissociation of Proton-Bound Alcohol Dimers,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 12, 3292, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00402a011
. [all data]
Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986
Hiraoka, K.; Takimoto, H.; Morise, K.,
Gas-Phase Hydration Reactions of Protonated Alcohols. Energetics and Bulk Hydration of Cluster Ions,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 19, 5683, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00279a004
. [all data]
Kebarle, 1977
Kebarle, P.,
Ion Thermochemistry and Solvation from Gas Phase Ion Equilibria,
Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem., 1977, 28, 1, 445, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pc.28.100177.002305
. [all data]
Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985
Deakyne, C.A.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.,
Unconventional Ionic Hydrogen Bonds. 2. NH+ pi. Complexes of Onium Ions with Olefins and Benzene Derivatives,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 2, 474, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00288a034
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
T Temperature ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.