Phenanthrene
- Formula: C14H10
- Molecular weight: 178.2292
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 85-01-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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- Other names: Phenanthren; Phenanthrin; Phenantrin
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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-5MS | HP-5MS | HP-5MS | HP-5MS | HP-5MS |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 80. | 80. | 80. | 80. | 80. |
Tend (C) | 300. | 300. | 290. | 290. | 290. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 2. | 4. | 6. |
Initial hold (min) | |||||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1778.6 | 1775. | 1759.6 | 1778.4 | 1790.1 |
Reference | Zeng, Zhao, et al., 2007 | Zhao C.X., Li, et al., 2006 | Zhao, Liang, et al., 2005 | Zhao, Liang, et al., 2005 | Zhao, Liang, et al., 2005 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 310. | 310. | 310. | 310. | 310. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 2. | 4. | 6. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | ||||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1776.3 | 1776.3 | 1756.9 | 1776.3 | 1789.2 |
Reference | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-1 | OV-1 | HP-5MS | OV-1 | DB-5 |
Column length (m) | 25. | 25. | 30. | 30. | |
Carrier gas | He | ||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Tstart (C) | 100. | 100. | 50. | 35. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 180. | 180. | 300. | 300. | 310. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 5. | 5. | 10. | 8. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | |||||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1769.7 | 1791.2 | 1797. | 1759.3 | 1756.9 |
Reference | Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000 | Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000 | Nahir, 1999 | Gautzsch and Zinn, 1996 | Lai and Song, 1995 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.26 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 310. | 310. | 310. | 310. | 300. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 6. | 4. | 4. | 6. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 4. | |||
Final hold (min) | 20. | ||||
I | 1776.3 | 1789.2 | 1776.3 | 1776.3 | 1794. |
Reference | Lai and Song, 1995 | Lai and Song, 1995 | Lai and Song, 1995 | Lai and Song, 1995 | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | SE-30 | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 |
Column length (m) | 25. | 25. | 33.3 | 16.6 | 16.6 |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Tstart (C) | 100. | 140. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 320. | 320. | 320. | 320. | 320. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 10. | 6. | 6. | 6. | 6. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 5. | ||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1791. | 1776. | 1742. | 1730. | 1739. |
Reference | Korhonen and Lind, 1985 | Korhonen and Lind, 1985 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 |
Column length (m) | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.6 |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Tstart (C) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 320. | 320. | 320. | 320. | 320. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 6. | 6. | 6. | 6. | 6. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. |
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1739. | 1739. | 1739. | 1740. | 1753. |
Reference | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 |
Column length (m) | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.6 |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Tstart (C) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 320. | 320. | 320. | 320. | 320. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 6. | 6. | 6. | 6. | 6. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. |
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1753. | 1753. | 1753. | 1754. | 1756. |
Reference | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 | SE-52 |
Column length (m) | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 12. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.3 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.34 | ||||
Tstart (C) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 320. | 320. | 320. | 320. | 250. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 6. | 6. | 6. | 6. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 5. | 5. | |
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1757. | 1761. | 1763. | 1768. | 1744.7 |
Reference | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Beernaert, 1979 | Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-52 | SE-52 |
Column length (m) | 12. | 65. |
Carrier gas | He | N2 |
Substrate | ||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.28 | 0.3 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.17 | |
Tstart (C) | 50. | 100. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 300. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 1.8 |
Initial hold (min) | ||
Final hold (min) | ||
I | 1734.95 | 1741. |
Reference | Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979 | Carugno and Rossi, 1967 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Zeng, Zhao, et al., 2007
Zeng, Y.-X.; Zhao, C.-X.; Liang, Y.-Z.; Yang, H.; Fang, H.-Z.; Yi, L.-Z.; Zeng, Z.-D.,
Comparative analysis of volatile components from Clematis species growing in China,
Anal. Chim. Acta., 2007, 595, 1-2, 328-339, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.12.022
. [all data]
Zhao C.X., Li, et al., 2006
Zhao C.X.; Li, X.N.; Liang Y.Z.; Fang H.Z.; Huang L.F.; Guo F.Q.,
Comparative analysis of chemical components of essential oils from different samples of Rhododendron with the help of chemometrics methods,
Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst., 2006, 82, 1-2, 218-228, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2005.08.008
. [all data]
Zhao, Liang, et al., 2005
Zhao, C.-X.; Liang, Y.-Z.; Fang, H.-Z.; Li, X.-N.,
Temperature-programmed retention indices for gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis of plant essential oils,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2005, 1096, 1-2, 76-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.09.067
. [all data]
Song, Lai, et al., 2003
Song, C.; Lai, W.-C.; Madhusudan Reddy, K.; Wei, B.,
Chapter 7. Temperature-programmed retention indices for GC and GC-MS of hydrocarbon fuels and simulated distillation GC of heavy oils
in Analytical advances for hydrocarbon research, Hsu,C.S., ed(s)., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003, 147-193. [all data]
Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000
Zhang, M.-J.; Shen, S.-D.; Chen, S.-Y.; Sun, Y.-H.,
Analysis of heavy oil fractions in high-temperature coal tar by capillary gas chromatography/fourier transform infrared spectrometry,
Chin. J. Chromatogr., 2000, 18, 3, 241-246. [all data]
Nahir, 1999
Nahir, T.M.,
Analysis of semivolatile organic compounds in fuels using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
J. Chem. Educ., 1999, 76, 12, 1695-1696, https://doi.org/10.1021/ed076p1695
. [all data]
Gautzsch and Zinn, 1996
Gautzsch, R.; Zinn, P.,
Use of incremental models to estimate the retention indexes of aromatic compounds,
Chromatographia, 1996, 43, 3/4, 163-176, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02292946
. [all data]
Lai and Song, 1995
Lai, W.-C.; Song, C.,
Temperature-programmed retention indices for g.c. and g.c.-m.s. analysis of coal- and petroleum-derived liquid fuels,
Fuel, 1995, 74, 10, 1436-1451, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(95)00108-H
. [all data]
Rostad and Pereira, 1986
Rostad, C.E.; Pereira, W.E.,
Kovats and Lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1986, 9, 6, 328-334, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090603
. [all data]
Korhonen and Lind, 1985
Korhonen, I.O.O.; Lind, M.A.,
Gas-liquid chromatographic analyses. XXXIV. Separation and retention indices with retention increments of some nitrated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons on a low-polarity (SE-30) capillary column,
J. Chromatogr., 1985, 322, 71-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97660-5
. [all data]
Beernaert, 1979
Beernaert, H.,
Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Polyclylic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
J. Chromatogr., 1979, 173, 1, 109-118, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)80450-7
. [all data]
Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979
Lee, M.L.; Vassilaros, D.L.; White, C.M.; Novotny, M.,
Retention Indices for Programmed-Temperature Capillary-Column Gas Chromatography of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
Anal. Chem., 1979, 51, 6, 768-773, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50042a043
. [all data]
Carugno and Rossi, 1967
Carugno, N.; Rossi, S.,
Evaluation of polynuclear hydrocarbons in cigarette smoke by glass capillary columns,
J. Gas Chromatogr., 1967, 5, 2, 103-106, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/5.2.103
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tend Final temperature Tstart Initial temperature - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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