Chlorine anion

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 101 to 150

Chlorine anion + Propane, 2-fluoro-2-methyl- = (Chlorine anion • Propane, 2-fluoro-2-methyl-)

By formula: Cl- + C4H9F = (Cl- • C4H9F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.8cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Benzene, 1,2-difluoro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, 1,2-difluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H4F2 = (Cl- • C6H4F2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.6cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)ClCOOCH3, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Benzene, 1,4-difluoro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, 1,4-difluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H4F2 = (Cl- • C6H4F2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.6cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)ClCOOCH3, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Phosgene = (Chlorine anion • Phosgene)

By formula: Cl- + CCl2O = (Cl- • CCl2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°6.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Fluoroform = (Chlorine anion • Fluoroform)

By formula: Cl- + CHF3 = (Cl- • CHF3)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°16.7 ± 2.4kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Silane, trifluoromethyl- = (Chlorine anion • Silane, trifluoromethyl-)

By formula: Cl- + CH3F3Si = (Cl- • CH3F3Si)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°16.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Ethanol, 2,2,2-trifluoro- = (Chlorine anion • Ethanol, 2,2,2-trifluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C2H3F3O = (Cl- • C2H3F3O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°24.0 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CH3COOH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°16.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + 2-Butanone = (Chlorine anion • 2-Butanone)

By formula: Cl- + C4H8O = (Cl- • C4H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CH3)2CO, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°8.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + 3-Pentanone = (Chlorine anion • 3-Pentanone)

By formula: Cl- + C5H10O = (Cl- • C5H10O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CH3)2CO, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°8.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

(Chlorine anion • Sulfur dioxide • Water) + Sulfur dioxide = (Chlorine anion • 2Sulfur dioxide • Water)

By formula: (Cl- • O2S • H2O) + O2S = (Cl- • 2O2S • H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.8kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.0cal/mol*KHPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
4.1296.HPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; M

Chlorine anion + Acetaldehyde = (Chlorine anion • Acetaldehyde)

By formula: Cl- + C2H4O = (Cl- • C2H4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.4 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.7cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9F, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + 2,2,2-Trifluoroethylamine = (Chlorine anion • 2,2,2-Trifluoroethylamine)

By formula: Cl- + C2H4F3N = (Cl- • C2H4F3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°18.0 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Propanal, 2,2-dimethyl- = (Chlorine anion • Propanal, 2,2-dimethyl-)

By formula: Cl- + C5H10O = (Cl- • C5H10O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.0 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°8.4 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + 1-Butanol = (Chlorine anion • 1-Butanol)

By formula: Cl- + C4H10O = (Cl- • C4H10O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

(Chlorine anion • 2Acetone) + Acetone = (Chlorine anion • 3Acetone)

By formula: (Cl- • 2C3H6O) + C3H6O = (Cl- • 3C3H6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/AHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.8 ± 4.5kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

(Chlorine anion • 6Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 7Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • 6C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 7C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.40 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°3.9 ± 1.1kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°30.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°0.2 ± 1.4kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Fluorodichloromethane = (Chlorine anion • Fluorodichloromethane)

By formula: Cl- + CHCl2F = (Cl- • CHCl2F)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Difluorochloromethane = (Chlorine anion • Difluorochloromethane)

By formula: Cl- + CHClF2 = (Cl- • CHClF2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Ethane, 1,1-difluoro- = (Chlorine anion • Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C2H4F2 = (Cl- • C2H4F2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.7cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°8.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

(Chlorine anion • 4Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 5Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • 4C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 5C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°5.80 ± 0.90kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°27.1cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°1.70 ± 0.80kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 3Carbon dioxide) + Carbon dioxide = (Chlorine anion • 4Carbon dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • 3CO2) + CO2 = (Cl- • 4CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.40kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; entropy estimated.; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.cal/mol*KN/AHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°-0.80kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; entropy estimated.; B

(Chlorine anion • 2Water) + Sulfur dioxide = (Chlorine anion • Sulfur dioxide • 2Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 2H2O) + O2S = (Cl- • O2S • 2H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.1kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.4cal/mol*KHPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
8.4296.HPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; M

(Chlorine anion • 5Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 6Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • 5C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 6C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.50 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°5.8 ± 1.0kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.1cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°0.80 ± 0.80kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Pyrrole = (Chlorine anion • Pyrrole)

By formula: Cl- + C4H5N = (Cl- • C4H5N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°18.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B
ΔrG°14.00kcal/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
11.6421.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

(Chlorine anion • 2Hydrogen chloride) + Hydrogen chloride = (Chlorine anion • 3Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: (Cl- • 2HCl) + HCl = (Cl- • 3HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.70 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.4cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°4.70 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 3Hydrogen chloride) + Hydrogen chloride = (Chlorine anion • 4Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: (Cl- • 3HCl) + HCl = (Cl- • 4HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.30 ± 0.70kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.7cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.3 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • Water • Sulfur dioxide) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 2Water • Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • H2O • O2S) + H2O = (Cl- • 2H2O • O2S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.30kcal/molTDAsUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.7cal/mol*KHPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.40kcal/molTDAsUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 4Formic acid) + Formic acid = (Chlorine anion • 5Formic acid)

By formula: (Cl- • 4CH2O2) + CH2O2 = (Cl- • 5CH2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.1 ± 2.0kcal/molN/ALuczynski, Wlodek, et al., 1978gas phase; Buffer gas: H2. Value too bound based on French, Ikuta, et al., 1982, by Grimsrud fractionation factor ( Williamson, Knighton, et al., 1996).; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°11.5cal/mol*KHPMSLuczynski, Wlodek, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

(Chlorine anion • 2Formic acid) + Formic acid = (Chlorine anion • 3Formic acid)

By formula: (Cl- • 2CH2O2) + CH2O2 = (Cl- • 3CH2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°22.2 ± 2.7kcal/molN/ALuczynski, Wlodek, et al., 1978gas phase; Buffer gas: H2. Value too bound based on French, Ikuta, et al., 1982, by Grimsrud fractionation factor ( Williamson, Knighton, et al., 1996).; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°35.cal/mol*KHPMSLuczynski, Wlodek, et al., 1978gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

(Chlorine anion • 2Sulfur dioxide) + Water = (Chlorine anion • Water • 2Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • 2O2S) + H2O = (Cl- • H2O • 2O2S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.90kcal/molTDAsUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.7cal/mol*KHPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.10kcal/molTDAsUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Cl3Er = Cl4Er-

By formula: Cl- + Cl3Er = Cl4Er-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°82.2 ± 5.0kcal/molTDEqKudin, Vorob'ev, et al., 2007gas phase; value altered from reference due to conversion from electron convention to ion convention; B
ΔrH°78.1 ± 3.9kcal/molTDAsPogrebnoi, Motalov, et al., 2002gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

Chlorine anion + Cl3Er = Cl7Er2-

By formula: Cl- + Cl3Er = Cl7Er2-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°57.1 ± 8.8kcal/molTDEqKudin, Vorob'ev, et al., 2007gas phase; value altered from reference due to conversion from electron convention to ion convention; B
ΔrH°81.2 ± 8.9kcal/molTDAsPogrebnoi, Motalov, et al., 2002gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

(Chlorine anion • 2Hydrogen chloride) + Water = (Chlorine anion • Water • 2Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: (Cl- • 2HCl) + H2O = (Cl- • H2O • 2HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°7.6kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; deuterated, quoted in Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°15.2cal/mol*KHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; deuterated, quoted in Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

(Chlorine anion • Hydrogen chloride) + Water = (Chlorine anion • Water • Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: (Cl- • HCl) + H2O = (Cl- • H2O • HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.5kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; deuterated, quoted in Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°18.7cal/mol*KHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; deuterated, quoted in Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M

Chlorine anion + L-Alanine, N-acetyl-, methyl ester = (Chlorine anion • L-Alanine, N-acetyl-, methyl ester)

By formula: Cl- + C6H11NO3 = (Cl- • C6H11NO3)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°29.4kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1988gas phase; M
ΔrH°29.4kcal/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; CH3CO-Ala-OCH3; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°28.3cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1988gas phase; M
ΔrS°28.3cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; CH3CO-Ala-OCH3; M

Chlorine anion + Boron trichloride = (Chlorine anion • Boron trichloride)

By formula: Cl- + BCl3 = (Cl- • BCl3)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°69.0 ± 2.0kcal/molTherKrivtsov, Titova, et al., 1977gas phase; Halide affinities from this reference are too high. G3MP2B3 calculations indicate an dHaff ca. 46 kcal/mol; value altered from reference due to conversion from electron convention to ion convention; B

(Chlorine anion • Water • Hydrogen chloride) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 2Water • Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: (Cl- • H2O • HCl) + H2O = (Cl- • 2H2O • HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.6kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; deuterated, quoted in 86 KEE/CAS; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.4cal/mol*KHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; deuterated, quoted in 86 KEE/CAS; M

Chlorine anion + Krypton = (Chlorine anion • Krypton)

By formula: Cl- + Kr = (Cl- • Kr)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°2.20 ± 0.10kcal/molLPESYourshaw, Lenzer, et al., 1998gas phase; Given: 0.0957(0.001) eV; B
ΔrH°2.80 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsWada, Kikkawa, et al., 2007gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°-2.86 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsWada, Kikkawa, et al., 2007gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Chlorine = Cl3-

By formula: Cl- + Cl2 = Cl3-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°23.7 ± 1.2kcal/molCIDTNizzi, Pommerening, et al., 1998gas phase; B
ΔrH°16.70kcal/molTherRobbiani and Franklin, 1979gas phase; ΔG≈+1 kcal for Cl- + SO2Cl2 <=> Cl3- + SO2; B
ΔrH°<43.60kcal/molPDisLee, Smith, et al., 1979gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 3Carbon disulfide) + Carbon disulfide = (Chlorine anion • 4Carbon disulfide)

By formula: (Cl- • 3CS2) + CS2 = (Cl- • 4CS2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°-0.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B

(Chlorine anion • Sulfur dioxide) + Hydrogen chloride = (Chlorine anion • Hydrogen chloride • Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • O2S) + HCl = (Cl- • HCl • O2S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.9kcal/molPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.2cal/mol*KPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; From thermochemical cycle; M

(Chlorine anion • 3Formic acid) + Formic acid = (Chlorine anion • 4Formic acid)

By formula: (Cl- • 3CH2O2) + CH2O2 = (Cl- • 4CH2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.1 ± 2.2kcal/molN/ALuczynski, Wlodek, et al., 1978gas phase; Buffer gas: H2. Value too bound based on French, Ikuta, et al., 1982, by Grimsrud fractionation factor ( Williamson, Knighton, et al., 1996).; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KHPMSLuczynski, Wlodek, et al., 1978gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + Ethyl Chloride = (Chlorine anion • Ethyl Chloride)

By formula: Cl- + C2H5Cl = (Cl- • C2H5Cl)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.4 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°14.5 ± 4.5kcal/molIMRBRiveros, Breda, et al., 1973gas phase; Anchored: Larson and McMahon, 1984, 3; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°6.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • Water) + Sulfur dioxide = (Chlorine anion • Sulfur dioxide • Water)

By formula: (Cl- • H2O) + O2S = (Cl- • O2S • H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.4kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.2cal/mol*KHPMSUpschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
11.5296.HPMSFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974gas phase; switching reaction(Cl- H2O)H2O; M

(Chlorine anion • L-Alanine, N-acetyl-, methyl ester) + L-Alanine, N-acetyl-, methyl ester = (Chlorine anion • 2L-Alanine, N-acetyl-, methyl ester)

By formula: (Cl- • C6H11NO3) + C6H11NO3 = (Cl- • 2C6H11NO3)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°19.8kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1988gas phase; M
ΔrH°19.8kcal/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°27.0cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1988gas phase; M
ΔrS°27.0cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + Methane, iodo- = (Chlorine anion • Methane, iodo-)

By formula: Cl- + CH3I = (Cl- • CH3I)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°7.3cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.0 ± 1.3kcal/molTDAsDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 2Sulfur dioxide) + Sulfur dioxide = (Chlorine anion • 3Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • 2O2S) + O2S = (Cl- • 3O2S)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.00 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.1cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.10 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Methanethiol = (Chlorine anion • Methanethiol)

By formula: Cl- + CH4S = (Cl- • CH4S)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.5 ± 3.0kcal/molIMRBStaneke, Groothuis, et al., 1995gas phase; Chloride affinity comparable to that of CHCl3; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.8 ± 3.0kcal/molIMRBStaneke, Groothuis, et al., 1995gas phase; Chloride affinity comparable to that of CHCl3; B

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen peroxide = (Chlorine anion • Hydrogen peroxide)

By formula: Cl- + H2O2 = (Cl- • H2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°22.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDEqBohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984gas phase; Relative to HOH..Cl-, Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°15.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDEqBohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984gas phase; Relative to HOH..Cl-, Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980; B

(Chlorine anion • 3Sulfur dioxide) + Sulfur dioxide = (Chlorine anion • 4Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: (Cl- • 3O2S) + O2S = (Cl- • 4O2S)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.60 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°1.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Larson and McMahon, 1984
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. An experimental investigation of the interaction between chloride ion and bronsted acids from ICR chloride exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 517. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase negative ion chemistry of alkylchloroformates, Can. J. Chem., 1984, 62, 675. [all data]

French, Ikuta, et al., 1982
French, M.A.; Ikuta, S.; Kebarle, P., Hydrogen bonding of O-H and C-H hydrogen donors to Cl-. Results from mass spectrometric measurement of the ion-molecule equilibria RH + Cl- = RHCl-, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 1907. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1985
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Fluoride and chloride affinities of the main group oxides, fluorides, oxofluorides, and alkyls. Quantitative scales of lewis acidities from ICR halide exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 766. [all data]

Upschulte, Schelling, et al., 1984
Upschulte, B.L.; Schelling, F.J.; Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Thermochemical Properties of Gas Phase Mixed Clusters: Water and Sulfur Dioxide with Na+ and Cl-, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1984, 111, 4-5, 389, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(84)85526-8 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986
Hiraoka, K.; Takimoto, H.; Morise, K.; Shoda, T.; Nakamura, S., Ion-Molecule Reactions in Gaseous Acetone, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1986, 59, 7, 2247, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.59.2247 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988
Hiraoka, K.; Mizuse, S.; Yamabe, S., Solvation of Halide Ions with H2O and CH3CN in the Gas Phase, J. Phys. Chem., 1988, 92, 13, 3943, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100324a051 . [all data]

Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996
Markovich, G.; Perera, L.; Berkowitz, M.L.; Cheshnovsky, O., The Solvation of Cl-, Br-, and I- in Acetonitrile Cluster: Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations., J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 105, 7, 2675, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.472131 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986
Hiraoka, K.; Shoda, T.; Morise, K.; Yamabe, S.; Kawai, E.; Hirao, K., Stability and structure of cluster ions in the gas phase: Carbon dioxide with Cl-, H3O+, HCO2+ and HCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 84, 2091. [all data]

Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1974
Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., The hydrogen bond energies in ClHCl- and Cl-(HCl)n, Can. J. Chem., 1974, 52, 2449. [all data]

Luczynski, Wlodek, et al., 1978
Luczynski, Z.; Wlodek, S.; Wincel, H., Stabilities of HCOO-.(HCOOH)n and Cl-.(HCOOH)n clusters, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1978, 26, 103. [all data]

Williamson, Knighton, et al., 1996
Williamson, D.H.; Knighton, W.B.; Grimsrud, E.P., Pulsed High Pressure Mass Spectrometry with Near-Viscous Flow Ion Sampling, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1996, 154, 1-2, 15, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(96)04372-8 . [all data]

Kudin, Vorob'ev, et al., 2007
Kudin, L.S.; Vorob'ev, D.E.; Grishin, A.E., The Thermochemical Characteristics of the LnCl4- and Ln2Cl7- Negative Ions, Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 2007, 81, 2, 147, https://doi.org/10.1134/S003602440702001X . [all data]

Pogrebnoi, Motalov, et al., 2002
Pogrebnoi, A.M.; Motalov, V.B.; Kuznetsov, A.Y.; Kudin, L.S.; Khasanshin, I.V., Molecular and ionic associates in the saturated vapor over erbium trichloride and the ErCl3-DyCl3 system, Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 2002, 47, 96-100. [all data]

Upschulte, Evans, et al., 1986
Upschulte, B.L.; Evans, D.H.; Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Unpublished results, referred to in Keesee and Castleman, 1986, 1986. [all data]

Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Jr., Thermochemical data on Ggs-phase ion-molecule association and clustering reactions, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1011. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1988
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., Models for Strong Interactions in Proteins and Enzymes. 2. Interactions of Ions with the Peptide Link and Imidazole, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 10, 3075, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00218a014 . [all data]

Meot-ner, 1988
Meot-ner, M., Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 6. Interaction Energies of the Acetate Ion with Organic Molecules. Comparison of CH3COO- with Cl-, CN-, and SH-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 12, 3854, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a022 . [all data]

Krivtsov, Titova, et al., 1977
Krivtsov, N.V.; Titova, K.V.; Rosolovskii, V.Ya., Thermochemical study of complex borates, Russ. J. Inorg. Chem., 1977, 22, 374. [all data]

Yourshaw, Lenzer, et al., 1998
Yourshaw, I.; Lenzer, T.; Reiser, G.; Neumark, D.M., Zero electron kinetic energy spectroscopy of the KrBr-, XeBr-, and KrCl- anions, J. Chem. Phys., 1998, 109, 13, 5247-5256, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.477141 . [all data]

Wada, Kikkawa, et al., 2007
Wada, A.; Kikkawa, A.; Sugiyama, T.; Hiraoka, K., Thermochemical Stabilities of the Gas-phase Cluster Ions of Halide Ions with Rare Gas Atoms, Int. J. Mass Spectrom.., 2007, 267, 1-3, 284-287, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2007.02.053 . [all data]

Nizzi, Pommerening, et al., 1998
Nizzi, K.E.; Pommerening, C.A.; Sunderlin, L.S., Gas-phase thermochemistry of polyhalide anions, J. Phys. Chem. A, 1998, 102, 39, 7674-7679, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9824508 . [all data]

Robbiani and Franklin, 1979
Robbiani, R.; Franklin, J.L., Formation of the trihalide ion Cl3- in the gas phase, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 764. [all data]

Lee, Smith, et al., 1979
Lee, L.C.; Smith, G.P.; Moseley, J.T.; Cosby, P.C.; Guest, J.A., Photodissociation and photodetachment of Cl2-, ClO-, Cl3-, and BrCl2-, J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 70, 3237. [all data]

Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993
Hiraoka, K.; Fujimaki, S.; Aruga, K.; Yamabe, S., Bond Strengths of the Gas-Phase Cluster Ions X-(CS2)n (X = F, Cl, Br and I), Chem. Phys. Lett., 1993, 208, 5-6, 491, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(93)87178-6 . [all data]

Caldwell and Kebarle, 1985
Caldwell, G.; Kebarle, P., The hydrogen bond energies of the bihalide ions XHX- and YHX-, Can. J. Chem., 1985, 63, 1399. [all data]

Li, Ross, et al., 1996
Li, C.; Ross, P.; Szulejko, J.; McMahon, T.B., High-Pressure Mass Spectrometric Investigations of the Potential Energy Surfaces of Gas-Phase Sn2 Reactions., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 39, 9360, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja960565o . [all data]

Riveros, Breda, et al., 1973
Riveros, J.M.; Breda, A.C.; Blair, L.K., Formation and relative stability of chloride ion clusters in the gas phase by ICR spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 4066. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984, 3
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Fluoride and chloride affinities of main group oxides, fluorides, oxofluorides, and alkyls. Quantitative scales of lewis acidities from ion cyclotron resonance halide-exchange equilibria, J. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 1083. [all data]

Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974
Fehsenfeld, F.C.; Ferguson, E.E., Laboratory studies of negative ion reactions with atmospheric trace constituents, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 61, 3181. [all data]

Dougherty and Roberts, 1974
Dougherty, R.C.; Roberts, J.D., SN2 reactions in the gas phase. Nucleophilicity effects, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1974, 8, 81. [all data]

Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980
Keesee, R.G.; Lee, N.; Castleman, A.W., Jr., Properties of clusters in the gas phase: V. Complexes of neutral molecules onto negative ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1980, 73, 2195. [all data]

Staneke, Groothuis, et al., 1995
Staneke, P.O.; Groothuis, G.; Ingemann, S.; Nibbering, N.M.M., Formation, stability and structure of radical anions of chloroform, tetrachloromethane and fluorotrichloromethane in the gas phase, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1995, 142, 1-2, 83, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(94)04127-S . [all data]

Bohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984
Bohringer, H.; Fahey, D.W.; Fehsenfeld, F.C.; Ferguson, E.E., Bond energies of the molecules H2O, SO2, H2O2, and HCl to various atmospheric negative ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 81, 2805. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References