Ylangene

Formula: C₁₅H₂₄
Molecular weight: 204.3511
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-9(2)11-7-8-15(4)12-6-5-10(3)14(15)13(11)12/h5,9,11-14H,6-8H2,1-4H3/t11-,12?,13?,14?,15-/m1/s1
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: VLXDPFLIRFYIME-XTLGRWLVSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 14912-44-8
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Stereoisomers:
- α-Copaene
- trans-α-Copaene
Other names: Tricyclo[4.4.0.0(2,7)]dec-3-ene, 8-isopropyl-1,3-dimethyl-, (1S,2R,6R,7R,8S)-(+)-; (1S,2R,6R,7R,8S)-8-Isopropyl-1,3-dimethyltricyclo[4.4.0.02,7]dec-3-ene; Tricyclo[4.4.0.0(2,7)]dec-3-ene, 1,3-dimethyl-8-(1-methylethyl)-, stereoisomer; α-Ylangene; (+)-Ylangene; d-Ylangene; α-Yalangene; (+)-α-Ylangene
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Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- Gas Chromatography
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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Sil PONA GB	DB-5	SPB-1	HP-5MS	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	100.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	140.	60.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	240.	250.	280.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	5.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)	10.	2.	3.	5.	5.
Final hold (min)	25.		15.
I	1392.	1370.	1360.	1368.	1368.
Reference	Cunicao, Lopes, et al., 2007	Martins, Santos, et al., 2007	Radulovic, Lazarevic, et al., 2007	Radulovic, Lazarevic, et al., 2007	Saroglou, Marin, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	BP-1	HP-5	HP-5MS	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	50.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He		N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	220.	220.	280.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	5.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)			10.
Final hold (min)		20.
I	1370.	1372.	1373.	1349.	1363.
Reference	Vagionas, Ngassapa, et al., 2007	Blanc, Bradesi, et al., 2006	Flamini, Tebano, et al., 2006	Pavlovic, Kovacevic, et al., 2006	Pavlovic, Tzakou, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	CP Sil 5 CB	DB-1	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	25.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	H2	N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25		0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	80.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	300.	250.	270.	260.	260.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	10.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)		2.		3.	3.
Final hold (min)				5.	5.
I	1372.	1375.	1376.	1358.	1372.
Reference	Silva-Brandão, Solferini, et al., 2006	Su, Ho, et al., 2006	Ziegenbein, Hanssen, et al., 2006	Dob, Berramdane, et al., 2005	Dob, Berramdane, et al., 2005, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-1	HP-5	DB-1	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	N2	He	N2	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	40.	60.	40.	75.
T_end (C)	260.	250.	220.	250.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	5.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	3.		10.		10.
Final hold (min)	5.	20.		20.	1.
I	1353.	1346.	1373.	1351.	1372.
Reference	Dob T., Berramdane T., et al., 2005	Fanciullino, Gancel, et al., 2005	Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 2005	Gancel, Ollitrault, et al., 2005	bin Jantan, Yalvema, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	HP-5	DB-1	HP-5MS	HP-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He		N2	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	260.	290.	200.	280.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	4.	5.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)					10.
Final hold (min)
I	1372.	1371.	1377.	1367.	1370.
Reference	Javidnia, Miri, et al., 2005	Magalhães, Ruiz, et al., 2005	Tchoumbougnang, Zollo, et al., 2005	Aligiannis, Kalpoutzakis, et al., 2004	Bertoli, Menichini, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	HP-5MS	HP-5MS	DB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	60.	60.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	290.	280.	280.	290.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	4.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)		5.	5.
Final hold (min)					30.
I	1371.	1372.	1371.	1373.	1372.
Reference	Flach A., Dondon R.C., et al., 2004	Grujic-Jovanovic, Skaltsa, et al., 2004	Karioti, Hadjipavlou-Litina, et al., 2004	Reis, Pansarim, et al., 2004	Bader, Caponi, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	HP-5	DB-1	DB-5	HP-5
Column length (m)	50.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	40.	75.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	280.	250.	230.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)				10.
Final hold (min)	35.		20.	20.
I	1375.	1372.	1351.	1366.	1372.
Reference	Bianchini, Tomi, et al., 2003	Bougatsos, Meyer, et al., 2003	Gancel, Ollitrault, et al., 2003	Jantan, Ling, et al., 2003	Macchioni, Cioni, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	HP-5	HP-5	SPB-1	HP-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.20	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.20	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	40.	60.	70.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	240.	280.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	4.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)			5.		10.
Final hold (min)				15.
I	1374.	1376.	1368.	1364.	1373.
Reference	Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2003	Shellie and Marriott, 2003	Skaltsa, Demetzos, et al., 2003	Cavaleiro, Salgueiro, et al., 2002	Flamini, Cioni, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP Sil 5 CB	HP-5	HP-5	CP Sil 5 CB	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	50.	30.	30.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.4	0.25	0.25	0.4	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	280.	260.	280.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)	10.			10.	5.
Final hold (min)	60.		10.	60.
I	1369.	1342.	1370.	1371.	1368.
Reference	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	Pitarokili, Couladis, et al., 2002	Couladis, Baziou, et al., 2001	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2001	Skaltsa, Mavrommati, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	CP Sil 5 CB	HP-5	DB-1	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	50.		60.	30.
Carrier gas	He	H2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.22	0.26	0.25	0.20
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.13	0.25	0.25	0.20
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	50.	70.
T_end (C)	240.	300.	240.	250.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	4.	3.	3.5	4.
Initial hold (min)	2.			5.	5.
Final hold (min)		10.
I	1370.	1379.	1371.	1376.	1355.
Reference	Maia, de Paula, et al., 2000	Pfeifhofer, 2000	Oprean, Tamas, et al., 1998	Stashenko, Prada, et al., 1996	Stashenko, Wiame, et al., 1995
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Cunicao, Lopes, et al., 2007
Cunicao, M.M.; Lopes, A.R.; Côcco, L.C.; Yamamoto, C.I.; Plocharski, R.C.B.; Miguel, M.D.; Junior, A.G.; Auer, C.G.; Miguel, O.G., Phytochemical and antibacterial evaluation of essential oils from Ottonia Martiana Miq. (Piperaceae), J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 2007, 18, 1, 184-188, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532007000100021 . [all data]

Martins, Santos, et al., 2007
Martins, F.T.; Santos, M.H.; Polo, M.; Barbosa, L.C.A., Effects of the interactions among macronutrients, plant age and photoperiod in the composition of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit essential oil from Alfenas (MG), Brazil, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 2, 123-129, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1769 . [all data]

Radulovic, Lazarevic, et al., 2007
Radulovic, N.; Lazarevic, J.; Ristic, N.; Palic, R., Chemotaxonomic significance of the volatiles in the genus Stachys (Lamiaceae): Essential oil composition of four Balkan Stachys species, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2007, 35, 4, 196-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2006.10.010 . [all data]

Saroglou, Marin, et al., 2007
Saroglou, V.; Marin, P.D.; Rancic, A.; Veljic, M.; Skaltsa, H., Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of six Hypericum species from Serbia, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2007, 35, 3, 146-152, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2006.09.009 . [all data]

Vagionas, Ngassapa, et al., 2007
Vagionas, K.; Ngassapa, O.; Runyoro, D.; Graikou, K.; Gortzi, O.; Chinou, I., Chemical analysis of edible aromatic plants growing in Tanzania, Food Chem., 2007, 105, 4, 1711-1717, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.05.029 . [all data]

Blanc, Bradesi, et al., 2006
Blanc, M.-C.; Bradesi, P.; Goncalves, M.J.; Salgueiro, L.; Casanova, J., Essential oil of Dittrichia viscosa ssp. viscosa: analysis by ¹³C-NMR and antimicrobial activity, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 2, 324-332, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1605 . [all data]

Flamini, Tebano, et al., 2006
Flamini, G.; Tebano, M.; Cioni, P.L.; Bagci, Y.; Dural, H.; Ertugrul, K.; Uysal, T.; Savran, A., A multivariate statistical approach to Centaurea classification using essential oil composition data of some species from Turkey, Pl. Syst. Evol., 2006, 261, 1-4, 217-228, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-006-0448-3 . [all data]

Pavlovic, Kovacevic, et al., 2006
Pavlovic, M.; Kovacevic, N.; Tzakou, O.; Couladis, M., Essential oil composition of Anthemis triumfetti (L.) DC., Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 2, 297-299, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1592 . [all data]

Pavlovic, Tzakou, et al., 2006
Pavlovic, M.; Tzakou, O.; Petrakis, P.V.; Couladis, M., The essential oil of Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericum tetrapterum Fries and Hypericum olympicum L. growing in Greece, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 84-87, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1521 . [all data]

Silva-Brandão, Solferini, et al., 2006
Silva-Brandão, K.L.; Solferini, V.N.; Trigo, J.R., Chemical and phylogenetic relationships among Aristolochia L. (Aristolochiaceae) from southeastern Brazil, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2006, 34, 4, 291-302, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2005.10.011 . [all data]

Su, Ho, et al., 2006
Su, Y.C.; Ho, C.L.; Wang, E.I.C., Analysis of leaf essential oils from the indigenous five conifers of Taiwan, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 447-452, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1685 . [all data]

Ziegenbein, Hanssen, et al., 2006
Ziegenbein, F.C.; Hanssen, H.-P.; König, W.A., Secondary metabolites from Ganoderma lucidum and Spongiporus leucomallellus, Phytochemistry, 2006, 67, 2, 202-211, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.10.025 . [all data]

Dob, Berramdane, et al., 2005
Dob, T.; Berramdane, T.; Dahmane, D.; Chelghoum, C., Chemical composition of the needles oil of Pinus canariensis from Algeria, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, 41, 2, 165-167, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-005-0103-1 . [all data]

Dob, Berramdane, et al., 2005, 2
Dob, T.; Berramdane, T.; Chelgoum, C., Chemical composition of essential oil of Pinus halepensis Miller growing in Algeria, C.R. Chim., 2005, 8, 11-12, 1939-1945, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2005.05.007 . [all data]

Dob T., Berramdane T., et al., 2005
Dob T.; Berramdane T.; Chelghoum C., Analysis of essential oil from the needles of Pinus pinaster growing in Algeria, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, 41, 5, 545-548, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-005-0202-z . [all data]

Fanciullino, Gancel, et al., 2005
Fanciullino, A.-L.; Gancel, A.-L.; Froelicher, Y.; Luro, F.; Ollitrault, P.; Brillouet, J.-M., Effects of Nucleo-cytoplasmic Interactions on Leaf Volatile Compounds from Citrus Somatic Diploid Hybrids, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 11, 4517-4523, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0502855 . [all data]

Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 2005
Flamini, G.; Luigi Cioni, P.; Morelli, I., Composition of the essential oils and in vivo emission of volatiles of four Lamium species from Italy: L. purpureum, L. hybridum, L. bifidum and L. amplexicaule, Food Chem., 2005, 91, 1, 63-68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.05.047 . [all data]

Gancel, Ollitrault, et al., 2005
Gancel, A.-L.; Ollitrault, P.; Froelicher, Y.; Tomi, F.; Jacquemond, C.; Luro, F.; Brillouet, J.-M., Leaf volatile compounds of six citrus somatic allotetraploid hybrids originating from various combinations of lime, lemon, citron, sweet orange, and grapefruit, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 6, 2224-2230, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048315b . [all data]

bin Jantan, Yalvema, et al., 2005
bin Jantan, I.; Yalvema, M.F.; Ayop, N.; Ahmad, A.S., Constituents of the essential oils of Cinnamomum sintoc Blume from a mountain forest of Peninsular Malaysia, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 6, 601-604, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1495 . [all data]

Javidnia, Miri, et al., 2005
Javidnia, K.; Miri, R.; Mehregan, I.; Sadeghpour, H., Volatile constituents of the essential oil of Nepeta ucrainica L. ssp. kopetdaghensis from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 2, 219-221, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1381 . [all data]

Magalhães, Ruiz, et al., 2005
Magalhães, A.F.; Ruiz, A.L.T.G.; Flach, A.; Faria, A.D.; Magalhães, E.G.; Amaral, M.C.E., Floral scent of Eleocharis elegans (Kunth) Roem. Schult. (Cyperaceae), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2005, 33, 7, 675-679, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2004.12.004 . [all data]

Tchoumbougnang, Zollo, et al., 2005
Tchoumbougnang, F.; Zollo, P.H.A.; Boyom, F.F.; Nyegue, M.A.; Bessière, J.M.; Menut, C., Aromatic plants of tropical Central Africa. XLVIII. Comparative study of the essential oils of four Hyptis species from Cameroon: H. lanceolata Poit., H. pectinata (L.) Poit., H. spicigera Lam. and H. suaveolens Poit., Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 3, 340-343, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1441 . [all data]

Aligiannis, Kalpoutzakis, et al., 2004
Aligiannis, N.; Kalpoutzakis, E.; Kyriakopoulou, I.; Mitaku, S.; Chinou, I.B., Essential oils of Phlomis species growing in Greece: chemical composition and antimicrobial activity, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 4, 320-324, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1305 . [all data]

Bertoli, Menichini, et al., 2004
Bertoli, A.; Menichini, F.; Noccioli, C.; Morelli, I.; Pistelli, L., Volatile constituents of different organs of Psoralea bituminosa L., Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 2, 166-171, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1315 . [all data]

Flach A., Dondon R.C., et al., 2004
Flach A.; Dondon R.C.; Singer R.B.; Koehler S.; Amaral M.D.E.; Marsaioli A.J., The chemistry of pollination in selected Brazilian maxillariinae orchids: Floral rewards and fragrance, J. Chem. Ecol., 2004, 30, 5, 1045-1056, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000028466.50392.ed . [all data]

Grujic-Jovanovic, Skaltsa, et al., 2004
Grujic-Jovanovic, S.; Skaltsa, H.D.; Marin, P.; Sokovic, M., Composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of six Stachys species from Serbia, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 2, 139-144, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1275 . [all data]

Karioti, Hadjipavlou-Litina, et al., 2004
Karioti, A.; Hadjipavlou-Litina, D.; Mensah, M.L.K.; Fleischer, T.C.; Skaltsa, H., Composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oils of Xylopia aethiopica (Dun) A. Rich. (Annonaceae) leaves, stem bark, root bark, and fresh and dried fruits, growing in Ghana, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 26, 8094-8098, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf040150j . [all data]

Reis, Pansarim, et al., 2004
Reis, M.G.; Pansarim, E.R.; da Silva, U.F.; Estanislau do Amaral, M.C.; Marsaioli, A.J., Pollinator attraction devices (floral fragrances) of some Brazilian orchids, Arkivoc, 2004, 6, 89-97. [all data]

Bader, Caponi, et al., 2003
Bader, A.; Caponi, C.; Cioni, P.L.; Flamini, G.; Morelli, I., Composition of the essential oil of Ballota undulata, B. nigra ssp. foetida and B. saxatilis, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 502-504, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1257 . [all data]

Bianchini, Tomi, et al., 2003
Bianchini, A.; Tomi, P.; Bernardini, A.F.; Morelli, I.; Flamini, G.; Cioni, P.L.; Usai, M.; Marchetti, M., A comparative study of volatile constituents of two Helichrysum italicum (Roth) Guss. Don Fil subspecies growing in Corsica (France), Tuscany and Sardinia (Italy), Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 487-491, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1231 . [all data]

Bougatsos, Meyer, et al., 2003
Bougatsos, C.; Meyer, J.J.M.; Magiatis, P.; Vagias, C.; Chinou, I.B., Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Helichrysum kraussii Sch. Bip. and H. rugulosum Less. from south Africa, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 1, 48-51, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1152 . [all data]

Gancel, Ollitrault, et al., 2003
Gancel, A.-L.; Ollitrault, P.; Froelicher, Y.; Tomi, F.; Jacquemond, C.; Luro, F.; Brillouet, J.-M., Leaf volatile compounds of seven citrus somatic tetraploid hybrids sharing willow leaf mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) as their common parent, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 20, 6006-6013, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0345090 . [all data]

Jantan, Ling, et al., 2003
Jantan, I.; Ling, Y.E.; Romli, S.; Ayop, N.; Ahmad, A.S., A comparative study of the constituents of the essential oils of three Cinnamomum species from Malaysia, J. Essent. Oil Res., 2003, 15, 6, 387-391, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2003.9698618 . [all data]

Macchioni, Cioni, et al., 2003
Macchioni, F.; Cioni, P.L.; Flamini, G.; Morelli, I.; Maccioni, S.; Ansaldi, M., Chemical composition of essential oils from needles, branches and cones of Pinus pinea, P. halepensis, P. pinaster and P. nigra from central Italy, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 2, 139-143, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1178 . [all data]

Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2003
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Shellie and Marriott, 2003
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Skaltsa, Demetzos, et al., 2003
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Cavaleiro, Salgueiro, et al., 2002
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Flamini, Cioni, et al., 2002
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Notes

Go To: Top, Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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