Pyridine, 2,4-dimethyl-
- Formula: C7H9N
- Molecular weight: 107.1531
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: JYYNAJVZFGKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 108-47-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file - Other names: 2,4-Lutidine; α,γ-Dimethylpyridine; 2,4-Dimethylpyridine; 2,4-Lutidene
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 431. ± 2. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 14 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 209.415 | K | N/A | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1986 | DH |
Tfus | 205.2 | K | N/A | Assal, 1966 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC |
Tfus | 205.25 | K | N/A | Kyte, Jeffery, et al., 1960 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC |
Tfus | 209.19 | K | N/A | Coulson, Cox, et al., 1959 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 209.35 | K | N/A | Chirico, Hossenlopp, et al., 1994 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 647. | K | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
Tc | 647.15 | K | N/A | Ambrose and Grant, 1957 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 11.35 | kcal/mol | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
ΔvapH° | 11.4 | kcal/mol | CGC | Chickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995 | Based on data from 323. to 373. K.; AC |
ΔvapH° | 11.42 | kcal/mol | V | Cox, 1960 | ALS |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
9.209 | 431.6 | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
10.9 | 330. | N/A | Sakoguchi, Ueoka, et al., 1995 | Based on data from 288. to 373. K.; AC |
10.7 | 340. | EB | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995 | Based on data from 331. to 473. K.; AC |
10.1 | 380. | EB | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995 | Based on data from 331. to 473. K.; AC |
9.51 | 420. | EB | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995 | Based on data from 331. to 473. K.; AC |
8.84 | 460. | EB | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995 | Based on data from 331. to 473. K.; AC |
11.3 | 313. | EB | Lencka, 1990 | Based on data from 298. to 431. K.; AC |
10.4 | 364. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 349. to 433. K. See also Kkykj and Repas, 1973.; AC |
11.4 | 282. | MM | Wisniewska, Lencka, et al., 1986 | Based on data from 267. to 358. K.; AC |
11.1 | 313. | C | Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985 | AC |
10.7 | 343. | C | Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985 | AC |
10.5 | 368. | C | Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985 | AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH =
A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
ΔvapH =
Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure)
(kcal/mol)
Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A (kcal/mol) | β | Tc (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
313. to 368. | 15.74 | 0.3033 | 647. | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)
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Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
423.54 to 432.97 | 12.53351 | 13550.483 | 649.591 | Coulson, Cox, et al., 1959, 2 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
2.11 | 209.4 | Chirico, Hossenlopp, et al., 1994, 2 | AC |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Steele, Chirico, et al., 1986
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D.; Collier, W.B.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Nguyen, A.; Strube, M.M.,
Thermochemical and thermophysical properties of organic nitrogen compounds found in fossil materials,
NIPER Report, 1986, 188, 112p. [all data]
Assal, 1966
Assal, F.A.,
Vapour-liquid equilibria in phenol-pyridine base systems,
Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci., Ser. Sci. Chim., 1966, 14, 603. [all data]
Kyte, Jeffery, et al., 1960
Kyte, C.T.; Jeffery, G.H.; Vogel, A.I.,
Physical Properties and Chem. Constitution XXVII. Pyridine Derivatives,
J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 1960, 4454. [all data]
Coulson, Cox, et al., 1959
Coulson, E.A.; Cox, J.D.; Herington, E.F.G.; Martin, J.F.,
The Preparation and Physical Properties of the Pure Lutidines,
J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 1959, 1934. [all data]
Chirico, Hossenlopp, et al., 1994
Chirico, R.D.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Gammon, B.E.; Knipmeyer, S.E.; Steele, W.V.,
Heat capacities of the six dimethylpyridines between the temperatures 10 K and 445 K and methyl-group rotational barriers in the solid state a,b,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1994, 26, 11, 1187, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.1994.1138
. [all data]
Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Ambrose and Grant, 1957
Ambrose, D.; Grant, D.G.,
The Critical Temperatures of Some Hydrocarbons and Pyridine Bases,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1957, 53, 771. [all data]
Chickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995
Chickos, James S.; Hosseini, Sarah; Hesse, Donald G.,
Determination of vaporization enthalpies of simple organic molecules by correlations of changes in gas chromatographic net retention times,
Thermochimica Acta, 1995, 249, 41-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(95)90670-3
. [all data]
Cox, 1960
Cox, J.D.,
The second virial coefficients, latent heats of vaporization and heats of formation of the lutidines,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 959. [all data]
Sakoguchi, Ueoka, et al., 1995
Sakoguchi, Akihiro; Ueoka, Ryuichi; Kato, Yasuo; Arai, Yasuhiko,
Vapor Pressures of Alkylpyridines and Alkylpyrazines.,
KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU, 1995, 21, 1, 219-223, https://doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.21.219
. [all data]
Steele, Chirico, et al., 1995
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D.; Nguyen, A.; Knipmeyer, S.E.,
Vapor pressures, high-temperature heat capacities, critical properties, derived thermodynamic functions, and barriers to methyl-group rotation, for the six dimethylpyridines,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1995, 27, 3, 311-334, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.1995.0030
. [all data]
Lencka, 1990
Lencka, Malgorzata,
Measurements of the vapour pressures of pyridine, 2-methylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine from 0.1 kPa to atmospheric pressure using a modified Swietoslawski ebulliometer,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1990, 22, 5, 473-480, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(90)90139-H
. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Kkykj and Repas, 1973
Kkykj, J.; Repas, M.,
Petrochemia, 1973, 13, 179. [all data]
Wisniewska, Lencka, et al., 1986
Wisniewska, Barbara; Lencka, Malgorzata; Rogalski, Marek,
Vapour pressures of 2,4-, 2,6-, and 3,5-dimethylpyridine at temperatures from 267 to 360 K,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1986, 18, 8, 703-708, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(86)90102-3
. [all data]
Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.; Lencka, M.,
Enthalpies of vaporization and cohesive energies of dimethylpyridines and trimethylpyridines,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1985, 17, 4, 365-370, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(85)90133-8
. [all data]
Coulson, Cox, et al., 1959, 2
Coulson, E.A.; Cox, J.D.; Herington, E.F.G.; Martin, J.F.,
The Preparation and Physical Properties of the Pure Lutidines,
J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 1934-1940, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9590001934
. [all data]
Chirico, Hossenlopp, et al., 1994, 2
Chirico, R.D.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Gammon, B.E.; Knipmeyer, S.E.; Steele, W.V.,
Heat capacities of the six dimethylpyridines between the temperatures 10 K and 445 K and methyl-group rotational barriers in the solid state a,b,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1994, 26, 11, 1187-1218, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.1994.1138
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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