Butanoic acid

• Formula: C₄H₈O₂
• Molecular weight: 88.1051
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6) Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 107-92-6
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Butyric acid; n-Butanoic acid; n-Butyric acid; Ethylacetic acid; Propylformic acid; 1-Butyric acid; 1-Propanecarboxylic acid; n-C3H7COOH; Propanecarboxylic acid; Butanic acid; Buttersaeure; Kyselina maselna; UN 2820; 1-Butanoic acid; NSC 8415
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Delabre and Bendall, 9999
Delabre, M.-L.; Bendall, J.F., Flavour ingredients from fermented dairy streams, Expression of Multidisciplinary Flavour Sci., 9999, 375-378. [all data]

Gyawali and Kim, 2012
Gyawali, R.; Kim, K.-S., Bioactive volatile compounds of three medicinal plants from Nepal, Kathmandu Univ. J. Sci., Engineering and Technol., 2012, 8, 1, 51-62. [all data]

Lee, Chong, et al., 2012
Lee, P.-R.; Chong, I.S.-M.; Yu, B.; Curran, P.; Liu, S.-Q., Effect of precursors on volatile compounds in Papaya wine fermented by mixed yeasts, Uncorrected proof, 2012, 000-000. [all data]

Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012
Welke, J.E.; Manfroi, V.; Zanus, M.; Lazarotto, M.; Zini, C.A., Characterization of the volatile profile of Brazilian merlot wines through comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection, J. Chromatogr. A, 2012, 1226, 124-139, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2012.01.002 . [all data]

Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 2011
Johanningsmeier, S.D.; McFeeters, R.F., Detection of volatile spoilage metabolites in fermented cucumbers using nontargeted, comprehensive 2-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGCxTOFMS), J. Food Sci., 2011, 76, 1, c168-c177, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01918.x . [all data]

Povolo, Cabassi, et al., 2011
Povolo, M.; Cabassi, G.; Profaizer, M.; Lanteri, S., Study on the use of evolved gas analysis FT-IR (EGA FT-IR) for the evaluation of cheese volatile fraction, The Open Food Sci. J., 2011, 5, 1, 10-16, https://doi.org/10.2174/1874256401105010010 . [all data]

Xiao, Dai, et al., 2011
Xiao, Z.; Dai, S.; Niu, Y.; Yu, H.; Zhu, J.; Tian, H.; Gu, Y., Discrimination of Chinese vinegars based on headspace solid-phase microextraction - gas chromatography mass spectrometry of volatile compounds and multivariate analysis, J. Food Sci., 2011, 76, 8, c1125-c1135, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02356.x . [all data]

Parker, Tsormpatsidis, et al., 2010
Parker, J.K.; Tsormpatsidis, E.; Elmore, J.S.; Wagstaffe, A.; Mottram, D.S., Solid-phase extraction as a routine method for comparing key aroma compounds in fruits in Expression of Multidisciplinary Flavour Science, Blank, I.; Wust, M.; Yeretzian C., ed(s)., Zurcher Hochschule fur Angewandte Wissenschaften, Wadenswil, Switzerland, 2010, 521-524. [all data]

San-Juan, Petka, et al., 2010
San-Juan, F.; Petka, J.; Cacho, J.; Ferreira, V.; Escudero, A., Producing headspace extracts for the gas chromatography - olphactometric evaluation of wine aroma, Food Chemistry, 2010, 123, 1, 188-195, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.129 . [all data]

Chinnici, Guerrero, et al., 2009
Chinnici, F.; Guerrero, E.D.; Sonni, F.; Natali, N.; Marin, R.N.; Riponi, C., Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) characterization of volatile compounds in quality vinegars with protected Europian geographical indication, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 11, 4784-4792, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf804005w . [all data]

Ferreira, Juan, et al., 2009
Ferreira, V.; Juan, F.S.; Escudero, A.; Cullere, L.; Fernandez-Zurbano, P.; Saenz-Navajas, M.P.; Cacho, J., Modeling quality of premium Spanish red wines from gas chromatography-olfactometry data, J. Agr. Food. Chem., 2009, 57, 16, 7490-7498, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9006483 . [all data]

Harraca, Syed, et al., 2009
Harraca, V.; Syed, Z.; Guerin, P.M., Olfactory and behavioural responces of tsetse flies, Glossina spp., to rumen metabolites, J. Comp. Physiol. A, 2009, 195, 9, 815-824, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-009-0459-y . [all data]

Frauendorfer and Schieberle, 2008
Frauendorfer, F.; Schieberle, P., Changes in key aroma compounds of criollo cocoa beans during roasting, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2008, 56, 21, 10244-10251, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf802098f . [all data]

Shu and Shen, 2008
Shu, N.; Shen, H., Aroma-impact compounds in Lysimachia foenum-graecum extracts, Flavour Fragr. J., 2008, 24, 1, 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1908 . [all data]

Tao, Wenlai, et al., 2008
Tao, L.; Wenlai, F.; Yan, X., Characterization of volatile and semi-volatile compounds in Chinese rica wines by headspace solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry, J. Inst. Brew., 2008, 114, 2, 172-179, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2050-0416.2008.tb00323.x . [all data]

Zhang, Zhang, et al., 2008
Zhang, C.; Zhang, H.; Wang, L.; Guo, X., Effect of carrot (Daucus carota) antifreeze proteins on texture preperties of frozen dough and volatile compounds of crumb, Food. Sci. Technol. (Lebesmittel-Wissenschaft und Technologie), 2008, 41, 6, 1029-1036, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2007.07.010 . [all data]

Berard, Bianchi, et al., 2007
Berard, J.; Bianchi, F.; Careri, M.; Chatel, A.; Mangia, A.; Musci, M., Characterization of the volatile fraction and of free fatty acids of Fontina Valle d'Aosta, a protected designation of origin Italian cheese, Food Chem., 2007, 105, 1, 293-300, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.11.041 . [all data]

Buettner, 2007
Buettner, A., A selective and sensitive approach to characterize odour-active and volatile constituents in small-scale human milk samples, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 6, 465-473, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1822 . [all data]

Dury-Brun, Fournier, et al., 2007
Dury-Brun, C.; Fournier, N.; Pernin, K.; Guichard, E.; Voilley, A., A new approach to studying sponge cake aroma after storage in treated paper and plastic packaging by direct gas chromatography?olfactometry (D-GC-O), Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 4, 255-264, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1788 . [all data]

Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 2007
Gonzalez-Rios, O.; Suarez-Quiroz, M.L.; Boulanger, R.; Barel, M.; Guyot, B.; Guiraud, J.-P.; Schorr-Galindo, S., Impact of ecological post-harvest processing of coffee aroma: II Roasted coffee., J. Food Composition Analysis, 2007, 20, 3-4, 297-307, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2006.12.004 . [all data]

Greger and Schieberle, 2007
Greger, V.; Schieberle, P., Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds in Apricots (Prunus armeniaca) by Application of the Molecular Sensory Science Concept, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 13, 5221-5228, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0705015 . [all data]

Lasekan, Buettner, et al., 2007
Lasekan, O.; Buettner, A.; Christlbauer, M., Investigation of important odorants of palm wine (Elaeis guineensis), Food Chem., 2007, 105, 1, 15-23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.12.052 . [all data]

Loskos, Hernandez-Orte, et al., 2007
Loskos, N.; Hernandez-Orte, P.; Cacho, J.; Ferreira, V., Release and formation of varietal aroma compounds during alcoholic fermentation from nonfloral grape odorless flavor precursors fractions, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 16, 6674-6684, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0702343 . [all data]

Selli, 2007
Selli, S., Volatile constituents of orange obtained from moro oranges (Citrus Sinensis L. Osbeck), J. Food Quality, 2007, 30, 3, 330-341, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.2007.00124.x . [all data]

Tian, Zhang, et al., 2007
Tian, Y.; Zhang, X.; Huang, T.; Zou, K.; Zhou, J., Research advances on the essential oils from leaves of Eucalyptus, Food Fermentation Ind. (Chinese), 2007, 33, 10, 143-147. [all data]

Weldegergis B.T., Tredoux A.G.J., et al., 2007
Weldegergis B.T.; Tredoux A.G.J.; Crouch A.M., Application of a headspace sorptive extraction method for the analysis of volatile components in South African wines, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 21, 8696-8702, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071554p . [all data]

Zhang C., Zhang H., et al., 2007
Zhang C.; Zhang H.; Wang L.; Gao H.; Guo X.N.; Yao H.Y., Improvement of texture properties and flavor of frozen dough by carrot (Daucus carota) antifreeze protein supplementation, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 23, 9620-9626, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0717034 . [all data]

Krings, Zelena, et al., 2006
Krings, U.; Zelena, K.; Wu, S.; Berger, R.G., Thin-layer high-vacuum distillation to isolate volatile flavour compounds of cocoa powder, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2006, 223, 5, 675-681, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-006-0252-x . [all data]

Editorial paper, 2005
Editorial paper, Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) Application Guide, The Reporter Europe (Supelco), 2005, 16, 5, 12-12. [all data]

Steinhaus and Schieberle, 2005
Steinhaus, M.; Schieberle, P., Characterization of odorants causing an atypical aroma in white pepper powder (Piper nigrum L.) based on quantitative measurements and orthonasal breakthrough thresholds, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 15, 6049-6055, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0506030 . [all data]

Tokitomo, Steihaus, et al., 2005
Tokitomo, Y.; Steihaus, M.; Buttner, A.; Schieberle, P., Odor-Active Constituents in Fresh Pineapple (ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) by Quamtitative and Sensory Evaluations, Biosci. Biotechnol, Biochem,, 2005, 69, 7, 1323-1330, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.69.1323 . [all data]

Buettner, 2004
Buettner, A., Investigation of potent odorants and afterodor development in two chardonnay wines using the Buccal Odor Screening System (BOSS), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 8, 2339-2346, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf035322b . [all data]

Didzbalis, Ritter, et al., 2004
Didzbalis, J.; Ritter, K.A.; Trail, A.C.; Plog, F.J., Identification of fruity/fermented odorants in high-temperature-cured roasted peanuts, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 15, 4828-4833, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0355250 . [all data]

Escudero, Gogorza, et al., 2004
Escudero, A.; Gogorza, B.; Melús, M.A.; Ortín, N.; Cacho, J.; Ferreira, V., Characterization of the aroma of a wine from Maccabeo. Key role played by compounds with low odor activity values, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 11, 3516-3524, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf035341l . [all data]

Kim. J.H., Ahn, et al., 2004
Kim. J.H.; Ahn, H.J.; Yook, H.S.; Kim, K.S.; Rhee, M.S.; Ryu, G.H.; Byun, M.W., Color, flavor, and sensory characteristics of gamma-irradiated salted and fermented anchovy sauce, Radiation Phys. Chem., 2004, 69, 2, 179-187, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00400-6 . [all data]

Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]

Peterson and Reineccius, 2003
Peterson, D.G.; Reineccius, G.A., Determination of the aroma impact compounds in heated sweet cream butter, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 4, 320-324, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1228 . [all data]

Selli, Cabaroglu, et al., 2003
Selli, s.; Cabaroglu, T.; Canbas, A., Flavour components of orange wine made from a Turkish cv. Kozan, Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 2003, 38, 5, 587-593, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2003.00691.x . [all data]

Bel Rhild, Fleury, et al., 2002
Bel Rhild, R.; Fleury, Y.; Devaud, S.; Fay, L.B.; Blank, I.; Juillerat, M.A., Biogeneration of roasted noted based on 2-acetyl-2-thiazoline and the precursor 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4,5-dihydrothiazole, 2002, retrieved from http://www.imrablank.ch/ACS₂002₈26₁79.pdf. [all data]

Torrens, 2002
Torrens, J., El análisis del aroma aplicado al control de calidad del cava [CS2002 Análisis sensorial (vino)], 2002, retrieved from http://www.percepnet.com/documenta/CS02₀3.pdf. [all data]

López and Dufour, 2001
López, M.G.; Dufour, J.P., Chapter 6. Tequilas: charm analysis of Blanco, Teposado, and Anejo tequilas, Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser., 2001, 782, 62-72. [all data]

Mayorga, Knapp, et al., 2001
Mayorga, H.; Knapp, H.; Winterhalter, P.; Duque, C., Glycosidically bound flavor compounds of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 4, 1904-1908, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0011743 . [all data]

Miranda, Nogueira, et al., 2001
Miranda, E.J.F.; Nogueira, R.I.; Pontes, S.M.; Rezende, C.M., Odour-active compounds of banana passa identified by aroma extract dilution analysis, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 4, 281-285, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.997 . [all data]

Lambert, Demazeau, et al., 1999
Lambert, Y.; Demazeau, G.; Largeteau, A.; Bouvier, J.-M., Changes in aromatic volatile composition of strawberry after high pressure treatment, Food Chem., 1999, 67, 1, 7-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00084-9 . [all data]

Zehentbauer and Grosch, 1998
Zehentbauer, G.; Grosch, W., Crust aroma of baguettes. I. Key odorants of baguettes prepared in two different ways, J. Cereal Science, 1998, 28, 1, 81-92, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcrs.1998.0184 . [all data]

Ziegleder, 1998
Ziegleder, G., Volatile and odorous compounds in unprinted paperboard, Packag. Technol. Sci., 1998, 11, 5, 231-239, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1522(1998090)11:5<231::AID-PTS437>3.0.CO;2-A . [all data]

Guth, 1997
Guth, H., Identification of character impact odorants of different white wine varieties, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 8, 3022-3026, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9608433 . [all data]

Lizárraga-Guerra, Guth, et al., 1997
Lizárraga-Guerra, R.; Guth, H.; López, M.G., Identification of the most potent odorants in huitlacoche (Ustilago maydis) and austern pilzen (Pleurotus sp.) by aroma extract dilution analysis and static head-space samples, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 4, 1329-1332, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960650f . [all data]

Schermann and Schieberle, 1997
Schermann, P.; Schieberle, P., Evaluation of key odorants in milk chocolate and cocoa mass by aroma extract dilution analyses, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 3, 867-872, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960670h . [all data]

Guth and Grosch, 1994
Guth, H.; Grosch, W., Identification of the character impact odorants of stewed beef juice by instrumental analyses and sensory studies, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1994, 42, 12, 2862-2866, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00048a039 . [all data]

Schieberle and Grosch, 1994
Schieberle, P.; Grosch, W., Potent odorants of rye bread crust - differences from the crumb and from wheat bread crust, Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch., 1994, 198, 4, 292-296, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01193177 . [all data]

Guth and Grosch, 1993
Guth, H.; Grosch, W., 12-Methyltridecanal, a species-specific odorant of stewed beef, Lebensm. Wiss. Technol., 1993, 26, 2, 171-177, https://doi.org/10.1006/fstl.1993.1035 . [all data]

Peng, Yang, et al., 1991
Peng, C.T.; Yang, Z.C.; Ding, S.F., Prediction of rentention idexes. II. Structure-retention index relationship on polar columns, J. Chromatogr., 1991, 586, 1, 85-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(91)80028-F . [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program, References

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.