p-Nitroaniline

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas55.2 ± 1.8kJ/molCcrNishiyama, Sakiyama, et al., 1983 

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfsolid-45.6 ± 1.2kJ/molCcrNishiyama, Sakiyama, et al., 1983ALS
Δfsolid-43.1 ± 0.8kJ/molCcbLebedeva, Gutner, et al., 1971Hfusion=5.1±0.2, see Lebedeva, Rjadnenko, et al., 1969; ALS
Δfsolid-38.5 ± 3.2kJ/molCcbMedard and Thomas, 1954Heat of combustion corrected for pressure; ALS
Δfsolid-41.5kJ/molCmCole and Gilbert, 1951ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcsolid-3172.98 ± 0.90kJ/molCcrNishiyama, Sakiyama, et al., 1983ALS
Δcsolid-3176. ± 0.8kJ/molCcbLebedeva, Gutner, et al., 1971Hfusion=5.1±0.2, see Lebedeva, Rjadnenko, et al., 1969; ALS
Δcsolid-3180.0 ± 3.2kJ/molCcbMedard and Thomas, 1954Heat of combustion corrected for pressure; ALS
Δcsolid-3177.1kJ/molCmCole and Gilbert, 1951ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Cp,solid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
154.2298.15Nishiyama, Sakiyama, et al., 1983Cp given as 1.116 J/g*K.; DH
184.9323.Satoh and Sogabe, 1941T = 0 to 100°C. Mean value.; DH
169.0298.Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926T = 22 to 195°C.; DH
165.7297.9Andrews, 1926T = 110 to 344 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus420. ± 5.KAVGN/AAverage of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub101. ± 1.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 8 values; Individual data points

Reduced pressure boiling point

Tboil (K) Pressure (bar) Reference Comment
533.20.133Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
77.9488.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 473. - 538. K.; AC
70.0430.N/AStull, 1947Based on data from 415. - 609. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
415.6 - 609.6.951164591.88852.016Stull, 1947Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
109.3333.MEHoyer and Peperle, 1958Based on data from 303. - 363. K. See also Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; AC
109.2 ± 4.2303.VHoyer and Peperle, 1958, 2Reanalyzed by Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986, Original value = 107. kJ/mol; ALS
97.5 ± 1.7356.MEMajury, 1956Based on data from 346. - 366. K.; AC
98.7 ± 2.5361.TEWolf and Weghofer, 1938See also Jones, 1960.; AC
99. ± 3.361.VWolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2ALS
103.3 ± 1.7362.N/AWolf and Trieschmann, 1934Based on data from 357. - 367. K.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
21.09420.2Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
21.150420.65Booss and Hauschildt, 1972DH
21.090420.7Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
50.3420.65Booss and Hauschildt, 1972DH
50.1420.7Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926DH

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Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C6H5N2O2- + Hydrogen cation = p-Nitroaniline

By formula: C6H5N2O2- + H+ = C6H6N2O2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1437. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSTaft and Topsom, 1987gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1407. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRETaft and Topsom, 1987gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C6H6N2O2+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)866.0kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity834.2kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
0.75 ± 0.10LPESSmith, Buonaugurio, et al., 2013Vertical Detachment Energy: 1.1 eV; B
0.915 ± 0.087IMREHuh, Kang, et al., 1999ΔG(EA) 343K; anchored to ΔG value. Including anchor ΔS, EA is ca. 0.4 kcal/mol more bound.; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.43EIJohnstone and Mellon, 1973LLK
8.34 ± 0.01PIPotapov, Kardash, et al., 1972LLK
8.6 ± 0.1EIBrown, 1970RDSH
8.85EICrable and Kearns, 1962RDSH
8.60PEKhalil, Meeks, et al., 1973Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C6H6N+11.5 ± 0.1NO2EIBrown, 1970RDSH
C6H6NO+9.6 ± 0.1NOEIBrown, 1970RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C6H5N2O2- + Hydrogen cation = p-Nitroaniline

By formula: C6H5N2O2- + H+ = C6H6N2O2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1437. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSTaft and Topsom, 1987gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1407. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRETaft and Topsom, 1987gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-1703
NIST MS number 229522

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, NIST Free Links, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Kumler, 1946
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 12204
Instrument Beckman DU
Melting point 147
Boiling point 332

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, NIST Free Links, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedSE-30180.1560.Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1985N2, Chromosorb A AW; Column length: 3. m
PackedSE-30180.1560.Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984N2, Chromosorb W AW; Column length: 3. m

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5273.6Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 199330. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 285. C @ 29.5 min

Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxanes273.75Eckel and Kind, 2003Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, NIST Free Links, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Nishiyama, Sakiyama, et al., 1983
Nishiyama, K.; Sakiyama, M.; Seki, S., Enthalpies of combustion of organic compounds. V. 3- and 4-nitroanilines, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1983, 56, 3171-3172. [all data]

Lebedeva, Gutner, et al., 1971
Lebedeva, N.D.; Gutner, N.M.; Ryadnenko, V.L., Heats of combustion and formation of certain aromatic amino-derivatives, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1971, 45, 561-562. [all data]

Lebedeva, Rjadnenko, et al., 1969
Lebedeva, N.D.; Rjadnenko, B.L.; Gutner, N.M., Heats of formation of some N-containing organic compounds, Int. Conf. Calorim. Therm. (Warsaw, Poland), 1969, 1-8. [all data]

Medard and Thomas, 1954
Medard, L.; Thomas, M., Chaleurs de combustion de vingt-quatre substances explosives ou apparentees a des explosifs, Mem. Poudres, 1954, 36, 97-127. [all data]

Cole and Gilbert, 1951
Cole, L.G.; Gilbert, E.C., The heats of combustion of some nitrogen compounds and the apparent energy of the N-N bond, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1951, 73, 5423-5427. [all data]

Satoh and Sogabe, 1941
Satoh, S.; Sogabe, T., The heat capacities of some organic compounds containing nitrogen and the atomic heat of nitrogen. (3), Sci., Pap. Inst. Phys. Chem. Res. (Tokyo), 1941, 38, 238-245. [all data]

Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926
Andrews, D.H.; Lynn, G.; Johnston, J., The heat capacities and heat of crystallization of some isomeric aromatic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 1274-1287. [all data]

Andrews, 1926
Andrews, D.H., The specific heats of some isomers of the type ortho, meta and para C6H4XY from 110 to 340K, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 1287-1298. [all data]

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Hoyer and Peperle, 1958
Hoyer, H.; Peperle, W., Z. Elektrochem., 1958, 62, 61. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press Inc., London, 1970, 643. [all data]

Hoyer and Peperle, 1958, 2
Hoyer, H.; Peperle, W., Dampfdrunkmessungen an organischen substanzen und ihre sublimationswarmen, Z. Electrochem., 1958, 62, 61-66. [all data]

Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986
Pedley, J.B.; Naylor, R.D.; Kirby, S.P., Thermochemical Data of Organic Compounds, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1986, 1-792. [all data]

Majury, 1956
Majury, T.G., Chem. Ind., 1956, 17, 349. [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H.Z., Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. B, 1938, 39, 194. [all data]

Jones, 1960
Jones, A.H., Sublimation Pressure Data for Organic Compounds., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 2, 196-200, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60006a019 . [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H., Uber sublimationswarmen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1938, 39, 194-208. [all data]

Wolf and Trieschmann, 1934
Wolf, K.L.; Trieschmann, H.G., Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. B, 1934, 27, 376. [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Booss and Hauschildt, 1972
Booss, H.J.; Hauschildt, K.R., Die Schmelzenthalpie des Benzils und 4-Nitrophenols, Z. Anal. Chem., 1972, 261(1), 32. [all data]

Taft and Topsom, 1987
Taft, R.W.; Topsom, R.D., The Nature and Analysis of Substituent Effects, Prog. Phys. Org. Chem., 1987, 16, 1. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Smith, Buonaugurio, et al., 2013
Smith, B.H.; Buonaugurio, A.; Chen, J.; Collins, E.; Bowen, K.H.; Compton, R.N.; Sommerfeld, T., Negative ions of p-nitroaniline: Photodetachment, collisions, and ab initio calculations, J. Chem. Phys., 2013, 138, 23, 234304, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4810869 . [all data]

Huh, Kang, et al., 1999
Huh, C.; Kang, C.H.; Lee, H.W.; Nakamura, H.; Mishima, M.; Tsuno, Y.; Yamataka, H., Thermodynamic stabilities and resonance demand of aromatic radical anions in the gas phase, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1999, 72, 5, 1083-1091, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.72.1083 . [all data]

Johnstone and Mellon, 1973
Johnstone, R.A.W.; Mellon, F.A., Effects of induction and resonance in the calculation of ionization potentials of substituted benzenes by perturbation molecular orbital theory, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1973, 69, 36. [all data]

Potapov, Kardash, et al., 1972
Potapov, V.K.; Kardash, I.E.; Sorokin, V.V.; Sokolov, S.A.; Evlasheva, T.I., Photoionization of heteroaromatic compounds, Khim. Vys. Energ., 1972, 6, 392. [all data]

Brown, 1970
Brown, P., Kinetic studies in mass spectrometry. IX. Competing [M-NO2] and [M-NO] reactions in substituted nitrobenzenes. Approximate activation energies from ionization and appearance potentials, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1970, 4, 533. [all data]

Crable and Kearns, 1962
Crable, G.F.; Kearns, G.L., Effect of substituent groups on the ionization potentials of benzenes, J. Phys. Chem., 1962, 66, 436. [all data]

Khalil, Meeks, et al., 1973
Khalil, O.S.; Meeks, J.L.; McGlynn, S.P., Electronic spectroscopy of highly polar aromatics. VII. Photoelectron spectra of nitroanilines, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 5876. [all data]

Kumler, 1946
Kumler, W.D., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 1184. [all data]

Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1985
Oszczapowicz, J.; Osek, J.; Ciszkowski, K.; Krawczyk, W.; Ostrowski, M., Retention Indices of Dimethylbenzamidines and Benzylideneamines on a Non-Polar Column, J. Chromatogr., 1985, 330, 79-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)81964-6 . [all data]

Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984
Oszczapowicz, J.; Osek, J.; Dolecka, E., Retention indices of dimethylformamidines, dimethylacetamidines and tetramethylguanidines on a non-polar column, J. Chromatogr., 1984, 315, 95-100, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)90727-7 . [all data]

Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 1993
Donnelly, J.R.; Abdel-Hamid, M.S.; Jeter, J.L.; Gurka, D.F., Application of gas chromatographic retention properties to the identification of environmental contaminants, J. Chromatogr., 1993, 642, 1-2, 409-415, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80106-I . [all data]

Eckel and Kind, 2003
Eckel, W.P.; Kind, T., Use of boiling point-Lee retention index correlation for rapid review of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data, Anal. Chim. Acta., 2003, 494, 1-2, 235-243, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2003.08.003 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, NIST Free Links, References