Trihydrogen


Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State:   3d 2A1'


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Toa = 17255.11 gas 3d2A1'-2p2A2 568 615 Herzberg, Hougen, et al., 1982
Bjerre, Hazell, et al., 1991
Vervloet and Watson, 2003

State:   3d


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

gas 3d-3p2E' 2244 2570 Herzberg, Hougen, et al., 1982
Vervloet and Watson, 2003

State:   3d 2E


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Toa = 17181.80 gas 3d2E''-2p2A2 568 615 Herzberg, Hougen, et al., 1982
Cosby and Helm, 1988
Bjerre, Hazell, et al., 1991
Vervloet and Watson, 2003


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1' 1 Sym. stretch 3168 gas MPI Lembo, Helm, et al., 1989
Lembo and Helm, 1989
e' 2 Deformation 2518 gas EM PF Ketterle, 1989

State:   3d 2E'


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Toa = 16878.69 gas 3d2E'-2p2A2 568 615 Herzberg, Hougen, et al., 1982
Vervloet and Watson, 2003

State:   3p 2A2


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Toa = 16719.0 ± 0.8 gas 3p2A2''-2p2A2 556 574 Herzberg, 1979
Dabrowski and Herzberg, 1980
Herzberg, Hougen, et al., 1982
Vervloet and Watson, 2003

State:   3s 2A1'


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Toa = 16613.08 ± 0.16 gas 3s2A1'-2p2A2 592 615 Dabrowski and Herzberg, 1980
Selgren and Gellene, 1988
Cosby and Helm, 1988
Vervloet and Watson, 2003


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1' 1 Sym. stretch 3212.1 ± 0.3 gas MPI Lembo, Helm, et al., 1989
Lembo and Helm, 1989
e' 2 Deformation 2588 ± 2 gas EM PF Ketterle, 1989

State:   3p 2E'


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Toa = 12966.86 ± 0.05 gas 3p2E'-2p2A2 708 736 Herzberg, 1979
Herzberg and Watson, 1980
Vervloet and Watson, 2003
Toa gas 3s2A1'-3p2E' 2600 3147 Herzberg, Lew, et al., 1981

State:   2p 2A2


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Toa = 0.0 gas Dabrowski and Herzberg, 1980
Herzberg, Lew, et al., 1981
Vervloet and Watson, 2003


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1' 1 Sym. stretch 3255.38 ± 0.03 gas PI Lembo, Petit, et al., 1989
Ketterle, Messmer, et al., 1989
Lembo, Helm, et al., 1989
e' 2 Deformation 2618.34 ± 0.03 gas PI Ketterle, Messmer, et al., 1989

State:   2s 2A1'


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Toa = -993 gas 3p2A2''-2s2A1' 556 564 Herzberg, 1979
Dabrowski and Herzberg, 1980
Toa = -993 gas 3p2E'-2s2A1' 708 736 Herzberg and Watson, 1980

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 12; Jacox, 1998, page 123; Jacox, 2003, page 9; Vogler, 1979; Watson, 1980; Figger, Moller, et al., 1982; Figger, Dixit, et al., 1984; Figger, Fukuda, et al., 1984; Raksit, Porter, et al., 1985; Helm, 1986; Helm, 1988; Dodhy, Ketterle, et al., 1988; Figger, Ketterle, et al., 1989; Ketterle, Figger, et al., 1989; Bordas, Cosby, et al., 1990; Bordas and Helm, 1991; Bordas, Lembo, et al., 1991; Bruckmeier, Wunderlich, et al., 1994; Muller, Majer, et al., 1997; Dabrowski and Herzberg, 1996; Azinovic and Figger, 1997; Muller, Braun, et al., 1998; Amano and Chan, 2000

Notes

oEnergy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states.
aSeparation of band origin for an excited state of H3 or D3 from the lowest bound state, 2s 2A1'.

References

Go To: Top, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Herzberg, Hougen, et al., 1982
Herzberg, G.; Hougen, J.T.; Watson, J.K.G., The electronic emission spectrum of triatomic hydrogen. IV. Visible bands near 5800 Å and infrared bands near 3950 cm, Can. J. Phys., 1982, 60, 9, 1261, https://doi.org/10.1139/p82-173 . [all data]

Bjerre, Hazell, et al., 1991
Bjerre, N.; Hazell, I.; Lorents, D.C., Spin---orbit coupling in H3, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1991, 181, 4, 301, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(91)80075-9 . [all data]

Vervloet and Watson, 2003
Vervloet, M.; Watson, J.K.G., Improved infrared and visible emission spectra of the H3 and D3 molecules, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 2003, 217, 2, 255, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2852(02)00053-X . [all data]

Cosby and Helm, 1988
Cosby, P.C.; Helm, H., Photodissociation of Triatomic Hydrogen, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1988, 61, 3, 298, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.298 . [all data]

Lembo, Helm, et al., 1989
Lembo, L.J.; Helm, H.; Huestis, D.L., Measurement of vibrational frequencies of the H3 molecule using two-step photoionization, J. Chem. Phys., 1989, 90, 10, 5299, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.456434 . [all data]

Lembo and Helm, 1989
Lembo, L.J.; Helm, H., Observation of low-lying rydberg states of the triatomic hydrogen molecule, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1989, 163, 4-5, 425, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(89)85162-0 . [all data]

Ketterle, 1989
Ketterle, W., The bending vibration of n=3 states of H3, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1989, 160, 2, 139, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(89)87571-2 . [all data]

Herzberg, 1979
Herzberg, G., A spectrum of triatomic hydrogen, J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 70, 10, 4806, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.437272 . [all data]

Dabrowski and Herzberg, 1980
Dabrowski, I.; Herzberg, G., The electronic emission spectrum of triatomic hydrogen. I. Parallel bands of H, Can. J. Phys., 1980, 58, 8, 1238, https://doi.org/10.1139/p80-163 . [all data]

Selgren and Gellene, 1988
Selgren, S.F.; Gellene, G.I., Photo-assisted fragmentation spectroscopy of triatomic hydrogen, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1988, 146, 6, 485, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(88)87485-2 . [all data]

Herzberg and Watson, 1980
Herzberg, G.; Watson, J.K.G., The electronic emission spectrum of triatomic hydrogen. II. The perpendicular bands near 7100 Å, Can. J. Phys., 1980, 58, 8, 1250, https://doi.org/10.1139/p80-164 . [all data]

Herzberg, Lew, et al., 1981
Herzberg, G.; Lew, H.; Sloan, J.J.; Watson, J.K.G., The electronic emission spectrum of triatomic hydrogen. III. Infrared perpendicular bands near 3600 cm, Can. J. Phys., 1981, 59, 3, 428, https://doi.org/10.1139/p81-054 . [all data]

Lembo, Petit, et al., 1989
Lembo, L.J.; Petit, A.; Helm, H., Vibrational autoionization in H_{3} and measurements of the symmetric-stretch frequency of the metastable 2p A_{2}^{''} state, Phys. Rev. A, 1989, 39, 7, 3721, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.39.3721 . [all data]

Ketterle, Messmer, et al., 1989
Ketterle, W.; Messmer, H.-P.; Walther, H., The ν, Europhys. Lett., 1989, 8, 4, 333, https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/8/4/006 . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017 . [all data]

Jacox, 2003
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement B, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2003, 32, 1, 1-441, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1497629 . [all data]

Vogler, 1979
Vogler, M., Observation of an electronically excited state of H_{3} and determination of its vibrational level structure, Phys. Rev. A, 1979, 19, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.19.1 . [all data]

Watson, 1980
Watson, J.K.G., Predissociation spectrum of an excited electronic state of the H_{3} molecule, Phys. Rev. A, 1980, 22, 5, 2279, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.22.2279 . [all data]

Figger, Moller, et al., 1982
Figger, H.; Moller, H.; Schrepp, W.; Walther, H., Laser spectroscopy ofD3, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1982, 90, 2, 90, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(82)83617-8 . [all data]

Figger, Dixit, et al., 1984
Figger, H.; Dixit, M.N.; Maier, R.; Schrepp, W.; Walther, H.; Peterkin, I.R.; Watson, J.K.G., Spectroscopy of Triatomic Hydrogen Molecules in a Beam, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1984, 52, 11, 906, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.52.906 . [all data]

Figger, Fukuda, et al., 1984
Figger, H.; Fukuda, Y.; Ketterle, W.; Walther, H., Spectra and lifetimes of triatomic hydrogen molecules, Can. J. Phys., 1984, 62, 12, 1274, https://doi.org/10.1139/p84-172 . [all data]

Raksit, Porter, et al., 1985
Raksit, A.B.; Porter, R.F.; Garver, W.P.; Leventhal, J.J., Bound-free ultraviolet emission from triatomic hydrogen, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1985, 55, 4, 378, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.55.378 . [all data]

Helm, 1986
Helm, H., Observation of high-n Rydberg series (7n40) of the H_{3} molecule, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1986, 56, 1, 42, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.56.42 . [all data]

Helm, 1988
Helm, H., Measurement of the ionization potential of triatomic hydrogen, Phys. Rev. A, 1988, 38, 7, 3425, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.38.3425 . [all data]

Dodhy, Ketterle, et al., 1988
Dodhy, A.; Ketterle, W.; Messmer, H.-P.; Walther, H., A zero Kelvin Rydberg spectrum of H3, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1988, 151, 1-2, 133, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(88)80083-6 . [all data]

Figger, Ketterle, et al., 1989
Figger, H.; Ketterle, W.; Walther, H., Spectroscopy of triatomic hydrogen, Z. Phys. D, 1989, 13, 2, 129, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01398582 . [all data]

Ketterle, Figger, et al., 1989
Ketterle, W.; Figger, H.; Walther, H., Spectroscopy of triatomic hydrogen, Z. Phys. D, 1989, 13, 2, 139, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01398583 . [all data]

Bordas, Cosby, et al., 1990
Bordas, C.; Cosby, P.C.; Helm, H., Measurement of the lifetime of metastable triatomic hydrogen, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 9, 6303, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458999 . [all data]

Bordas and Helm, 1991
Bordas, C.; Helm, H., Predissociation of H_{3} near its ionization threshold induced by very weak electric fields, Phys. Rev. A, 1991, 43, 7, 3645, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.43.3645 . [all data]

Bordas, Lembo, et al., 1991
Bordas, M.C.; Lembo, L.J.; Helm, H., Spectroscopy and multichannel quantum-defect theory analysis of the np Rydberg series of H3, Phys. Rev. A, 1991, 44, 3, 1817, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.44.1817 . [all data]

Bruckmeier, Wunderlich, et al., 1994
Bruckmeier, R.; Wunderlich, Ch.; Figger, H., New experimental insight into the ground state potential surface of triatomic hydrogen, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994, 72, 16, 2550, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.72.2550 . [all data]

Muller, Majer, et al., 1997
Muller, U.; Majer, U.; Reichle, R.; Braun, M., Spectroscopy of high n Rydberg states of the triatomic deuterium molecule D[sub 3], J. Chem. Phys., 1997, 106, 19, 7958, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.473803 . [all data]

Dabrowski and Herzberg, 1996
Dabrowski, I.; Herzberg, G., Amazing Light, R. Y. Chiao, ed(s)., Springer-Verlag, New York, 1996, 173-190. [all data]

Azinovic and Figger, 1997
Azinovic, D.; Figger, H., Analysis of the molecular bands of D $_2$ H and H $_2$ D at 5600 ?, Z. Phys. D, 1997, 42, 2, 105, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004600050341 . [all data]

Muller, Braun, et al., 1998
Muller, U.; Braun, M.; Reichle, B.; Salzgeber, R.F., Vibrational frequencies of the 2p [sup 2]A[sub 2][sup ´´] and 3d [sup 2]E[sup ´´] states of the triatomic deuterium molecule, J. Chem. Phys., 1998, 108, 11, 4478, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.475859 . [all data]

Amano and Chan, 2000
Amano, T.; Chan, M.-C., Infrared absorption spectroscopy of D3: an investigation into the formation mechanisms of triatomic hydrogenic species, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. A, 2000, 358, 1774, 2457, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2000.0660 . [all data]


Notes

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