Silver trimer

Formula: Ag₃
Molecular weight: 323.6046
CAS Registry Number: 12595-26-5
Information on this page:
Options:
- Switch to calorie-based units

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to Ag₃⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
2.430 ± 0.050	LPES	Handschuh, Cha, et al., 1995	EA given is Vertical Detachment Energy. Adiabatic EA est as up to 1 eV smaller; B
2.66 ± 0.20	LPES	Taylor, Pettiettehall, et al., 1992	EA set as 0.2 eV above onset to correct for unresolved hot bands.; B
<2.43997	LPD	Gantefor, Cox, et al., 1990	Not 0-0 transition, big Franck-Condon problem.; B
2.27 ± 0.10	LPES	Ganteför, Gausa, et al., 1990	EA: threshold, ≥EA(adiabatic). Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.43±0.1 eV.; B
2.360 ± 0.010	LPES	Ho, Ervin, et al., 1990	Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.43±0.01 eV; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
6.20	EI	Jackschath, Rabin, et al., 1992	LL
6.2 ± 0.2	EI	Franzreb, Wucher, et al., 1990	LL
≤7.0	IMB	Buckner, Gord, et al., 1988	LL

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 31150	Ar	Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
		Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 28570	Ar	Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 27550	Ar	Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 26700	Ar	Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
		Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 30200	Kr	Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 26200	Kr	Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 27500	Kr	Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: 2E

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	Transition	λ_min (nm)	λ_max (nm)	References


T_o = 26969.0	gas	2E''-X	365	385	Cheng and Duncan, 1988
					LaiHing, Cheng, et al., 1989
					Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993
					Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994
					Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007
T_x = 25900	Ar	2E''-X			Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
T_x = 26200	Kr	2E''-X			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

Vib. sym.	No.	Approximate type of mode	cm^-1	Med.	Method	References


a₁'	1	Sym. stretch	158.2	gas	MPI LF	Cheng and Duncan, 1988 LaiHing, Cheng, et al., 1989 Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993 Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994 Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007
e'	2	Deformation	100.5	gas	MPI LF	Cheng and Duncan, 1988 LaiHing, Cheng, et al., 1989 Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993 Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 24900	Kr	Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 23870	Ar	Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978
		Ozin, Huber, et al., 1979
		Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
		Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 23470	Ar	Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 23700	Kr	Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978
		Ozin, Huber, et al., 1979
		Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	References


T_x = 23700	Xe	Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978
		Ozin, Huber, et al., 1979
		Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

State: 2A¹' ?

Energy (cm^-1)	Med.	λ_min (nm)	λ_max (nm)	References


T_o = 19809 ± 2	gas	495	505	Okazaki, Saito, et al., 1996
T_x = 20490	Ar			Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 20300	Ar			Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
				Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 19880	Ar			Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 16450	Ar			Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 16180	Ar			Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 16100	Ar			Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
				Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
T_x = 21830	Kr			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
T_x = 19500	Kr			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
T_x = 17900	Kr			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
T_x = 16000	Kr			Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990

Vib. sym.	No.	Approximate type of mode	cm^-1	Med.	Method	References


a₁'	1	Sym. stretch	107	gas	EM	Okazaki, Saito, et al., 1996
e'	2	Deformation	94	gas	EM	Okazaki, Saito, et al., 1996

State: X

Vib. sym.	No.	Approximate type of mode	cm^-1		Med.	Method	References


a₁'	1	Sym. stretch	121		gas	LF	Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993 Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994 Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007
	1	Sym. stretch	119		Ar	Ra	Haslett, Bosnick, et al., 1999
	1	Sym. stretch	120	T	Kr	Ra	Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978, 2
e'	2	Deformation	67		gas	LF	Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 60; Jacox, 1998, page 161; Jacox, 2003, page 52

Notes

Tentative assignment or approximate value

Energy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states.

Energy separation between the band maximum of the excited electronic state and the v = 0 level of the ground state.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Handschuh, Cha, et al., 1995
Handschuh, H.; Cha, C.Y.; Bechthold, P.S.; Gantefor, G.; Eberhardt, W., Electronic shells or molecular orbitals: Photoelectron spectra of Ag-n(-) clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 16, 6406, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469356 . [all data]

Taylor, Pettiettehall, et al., 1992
Taylor, K.J.; Pettiettehall, C.L.; Cheshnovsky, O.; Smalley, R.E., Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectra of Coinage Metal Clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 96, 4, 3319, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.461927 . [all data]

Gantefor, Cox, et al., 1990
Gantefor, G.F.; Cox, D.M.; Kaldor, A., High Resolution Photodetachment Spectroscopy of Jet-Cooled Metal Cluster Anions - Au2- and Ag3-, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 11, 8395, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.459272 . [all data]

Ganteför, Gausa, et al., 1990
Ganteför, G.; Gausa, M.; Meiwes-Broer, K.-H.; Lutz, H.O., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Silver and Palladium Cluster Anions, J. Chem. Soc. Farad. Trans., 1990, 86, 13, 2483, https://doi.org/10.1039/ft9908602483 . [all data]

Ho, Ervin, et al., 1990
Ho, J.; Ervin, K.M.; Lineberger, W.C., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Metal Cluster Anions - Cun-, Agn-, and Aun-, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 10, 6987, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.459475 . [all data]

Jackschath, Rabin, et al., 1992
Jackschath, C.; Rabin, I.; Schulze, W., Electron impact ionization of silver clusters Ag_n, n<36, Z. Phys. D, 1992, 22, 517. [all data]

Franzreb, Wucher, et al., 1990
Franzreb, K.; Wucher, A.; Oechsner, H., Electron impact ionization of small silver and copper clusters, Z. Phys. D, 1990, 17, 51. [all data]

Buckner, Gord, et al., 1988
Buckner, S.W.; Gord, J.R.; Freiser, B.S., Gas phase studies of Zn₂, Ag₃, and Ag₅., J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 88, 3678. [all data]

Fedrigo, Harbich, et al., 1993
Fedrigo, S.; Harbich, W.; Buttet, J., Optical response of Ag2, Ag3, Au2, and Au3 in argon matrices, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 99, 8, 5712, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.465920 . [all data]

Rabin, Schulze, et al., 2000
Rabin, I.; Schulze, W.; Ertl, G.; Felix, C.; Sieber, C.; Harbich, W.; Buttet, J., Absorption and fluorescence spectra of Ar-matrix-isolated Ag3 clusters, Chem. Phys. Lett., 2000, 320, 1-2, 59, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(00)00211-6 . [all data]

Harbich, Fedrigo, et al., 1990
Harbich, W.; Fedrigo, S.; Meyer, F.; Lindsay, D.M.; Lignieres, J.; Rivoal, J.C.; Kreisle, D., Deposition of mass selected silver clusters in rare gas matrices, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 12, 8535, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.459291 . [all data]

Cheng and Duncan, 1988
Cheng, P.Y.; Duncan, M.A., Vibronic spectroscopy and dynamics in the jet-cooled silver trimer, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1988, 152, 4-5, 341, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(88)80103-9 . [all data]

LaiHing, Cheng, et al., 1989
LaiHing, K.; Cheng, P.Y.; Duncan, M.A., Laser photoionization and spectroscopy of gas phase silver clusters, Z. Phys. D, 1989, 13, 2, 161, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01398586 . [all data]

Ellis, Robles, et al., 1993
Ellis, A.M.; Robles, E.S.J.; Miller, T.A., Dispersed fluorescence spectroscopic study of the ground electronic state of silver trimer, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1993, 201, 1-4, 132, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(93)85046-Q . [all data]

Wedum, Grant, et al., 1994
Wedum, E.E.; Grant, E.R.; Cheng, P.Y.; Willey, K.F.; Duncan, M.A., On the assignment of Jahn--Teller effects in the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of Ag3, J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 100, 9, 6312, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.467093 . [all data]

Sioutis, Stakhursky, et al., 2007
Sioutis, I.; Stakhursky, V.L.; Pitzer, R.M.; Miller, T.A., Jahn-Teller and related effects in the silver trimer. II: Vibrational analysis of the A [sup 2]E[sup ´´]-X [sup 2]E[sup ´] electronic transition, J. Chem. Phys., 2007, 126, 12, 124309, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2430704 . [all data]

Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978
Schulze, W.; Becker, H.U.; Abe, H., The preparation of silver molecules Agn (n < 10) in Kr matrices and their ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, Chem. Phys., 1978, 35, 1-2, 177, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(78)85203-3 . [all data]

Ozin, Huber, et al., 1979
Ozin, G.A.; Huber, H.; Mitchell, S.A., Selective, naked cluster cryophotochemistry: trisilver, Ag3, Inorg. Chem., 1979, 18, 10, 2932, https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50200a065 . [all data]

Okazaki, Saito, et al., 1996
Okazaki, T.; Saito, Y.; Kasuya, A.; Nishina, Y., Optical emission spectra of Ag3 molecules in the gas evaporation technique, J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 104, 3, 812, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.470806 . [all data]

Haslett, Bosnick, et al., 1999
Haslett, T.L.; Bosnick, K.A.; Fedrigo, S.; Moskovits, M., Resonance Raman spectroscopy of matrix-isolated mass-selected Fe[sub 3] and Ag[sub 3], J. Chem. Phys., 1999, 111, 14, 6456, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.480014 . [all data]

Schulze, Becker, et al., 1978, 2
Schulze, W.; Becker, H.U.; Minkwitz, R.; Manzel, K., Matrix Raman spectra of Ag2 and Ag3, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1978, 55, 1, 59, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(78)85132-X . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017 . [all data]

Jacox, 2003
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement B, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2003, 32, 1, 1-441, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1497629 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References

Symbols used in this document:

EA Electron affinity
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.

Silver trimer

Gas phase ion energetics data

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: 2E

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: ?

State: 2A1' ?

State: X

Notes

References

Notes

State: 2A¹' ?