Ethane

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-84. ± 0.4kJ/molReviewManion, 2002adopted recommendation of Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1991; DRB
Δfgas-83.8 ± 0.3kJ/molCcbPittam and Pilcher, 1972ALS
Δfgas-84.67 ± 0.49kJ/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945Hf derived from Heat of Hydrogenation; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcgas-1560.7 ± 0.3kJ/molCcbPittam and Pilcher, 1972Corresponding Δfgas = -83.85 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δcgas-1559.9 ± 0.46kJ/molCcbProsen and Rossini, 1945Hf derived from Heat of Hydrogenation; Corresponding Δfgas = -84.64 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δcgas-1559.8 ± 0.46kJ/molCcbRossini, 1934Corresponding Δfgas = -84.68 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
35.70100.Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989p=1 bar. Recommended entropies and heat capacities are in good agreement with those obtained from other statistical thermodynamic calculations [ Pitzer K.S., 1944, Chao J., 1973, Pamidimukkala K.M., 1982].; GT
42.30200.
52.49298.15
52.71300.
65.46400.
77.94500.
89.19600.
99.14700.
107.94800.
115.71900.
122.551000.
128.551100.
133.801200.
138.391300.
142.401400.
145.901500.
148.981600.
151.671700.
154.041800.
156.141900.
158.002000.
159.652100.
161.122200.
162.432300.
163.612400.
164.672500.
165.632600.
166.492700.
167.282800.
168.002900.
168.653000.

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
41.66 ± 0.31189.20Halford J.O., 1957Please also see Eucken A., 1933, Kistiakowsky G.B., 1939, Dailey B.P., 1943.; GT
43.25 ± 0.32209.30
45.08 ± 0.34229.65
47.27 ± 0.35249.90
47.17 ± 0.35250.15
49.68 ± 0.37272.00
49.51 ± 0.04272.07
50.66 ± 0.42279.00
52.14 ± 0.39292.00
53.27 ± 0.07302.70
57.40 ± 0.04335.82
58.91347.65
60.38359.75
61.04 ± 0.10364.78
62.10 ± 0.47373.60
63.89387.55
72.43451.95
80.08520.55
86.27561.65
90.46603.25

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid126.7J/mol*KN/AWitt and Kemp, 1937Entropy from 0 to 15 K calculated using a Debye function.

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
68.66100.Atake and Chihara, 1976T = 50 to 100 K. Data given graphically. Cp = 0.69933 (T/K) - 2.385 J/mol*K (50 to 70 K, for solid).
68.594.Roder, 1976From data 90.3 to 94 K. Average value over range.
68.44100.32Roder, 1976, 2T = 93 to 301 K (saturation line), 91 to 330 K, pressures from 0 to 33 MPa.
72.22180.Witt and Kemp, 1937T = 15 to 185 K.
74.48200.Wiebe, Hubbard, et al., 1930T = 67 to 305.2 K. Heat capacity of saturated liquid given to 295 K is 136.1 J/mol*K.

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil184.6 ± 0.6KAVGN/AAverage of 23 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus101.KN/AStreng, 1971Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tfus89.2KN/ATimmermans, 1935Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple91. ± 6.KAVGN/AAverage of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ptriple0.000011barN/AYounglove and Ely, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 5.×10-9 bar; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc305.3 ± 0.3KAVGN/AAverage of 41 out of 46 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc49. ± 1.barAVGN/AAverage of 28 out of 29 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.147 ± 0.002l/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc6.9 ± 0.4mol/lAVGN/AAverage of 19 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap9.76kJ/molN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
14.703184.1N/AWitt and Kemp, 1937DH
15.3288.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 273. - 305. K.; AC
15.7170.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 154. - 185. K.; AC
17.7114.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 95. - 129. K.; AC
14.9214.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 185. - 229. K.; AC
14.9259.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 228. - 274. K.; AC
17.1129.N/ACarruth and Kobayashi, 1973Based on data from 91. - 144. K.; AC
14.7210.N/AReid, 1972AC
14.7184.N/AWitt and Kemp, 1937AC
15.3185.N/ALoomis and Walters, 1926Based on data from 136. - 200. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) A (kJ/mol) β Tc (K) Reference
289. - 301.29.430.3696305.4Majer and Svoboda, 1985

Entropy of vaporization

ΔvapS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
79.87184.1Witt and Kemp, 1937DH

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
91.33 - 144.134.50706791.3-6.422Carruth and Kobayashi, 1973Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
135.74 - 199.913.93835659.739-16.719Loomis and Walters, 1926Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
22.685.N/ARegnier, 1972Based on data from 80. - 90. K.; AC
20.590.BBondi, 1963AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
0.58390.341Atake and Chihara, 1976Triple point.; DH
2.7989.5Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
0.5890.3Atake and Chihara, 1976AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
6.4690.341Atake and Chihara, 1976Triple; DH

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
2.28289.813crystaline, IIcrystaline, IAtake and Chihara, 1976DH
2.85789.87crystaline, IliquidWitt and Kemp, 1937DH
2.79389.50crystaline, IliquidWiebe, Hubbard, et al., 1930DH
2.437589.77crystaline, IIcrystaline, IRoder, 1976DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔStrs (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
25.4889.813crystaline, IIcrystaline, IAtake and Chihara, 1976DH
31.889.87crystaline, IliquidWitt and Kemp, 1937DH
31.289.50crystaline, IliquidWiebe, Hubbard, et al., 1930DH
27.1589.77crystaline, IIcrystaline, IRoder, 1976DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Cobalt ion (1+) + Ethane = (Cobalt ion (1+) • Ethane)

By formula: Co+ + C2H6 = (Co+ • C2H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr93.3J/mol*KSIDTKemper, Bushnell, et al., 1993gas phase; switching reaction(Co+)CH4, ΔrS(500 K); M

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
100. (+5.0,-0.) CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M
117. (+6.7,-0.) SIDTKemper, Bushnell, et al., 1993gas phase; switching reaction(Co+)CH4, ΔrS(500 K); M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • Methane) + Ethane = (Cobalt ion (1+) • Ethane • Methane)

By formula: (Co+ • CH4) + C2H6 = (Co+ • C2H6 • CH4)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr108.J/mol*KSIDTKemper, Bushnell, et al., 1993gas phase; switching reaction(Co+).2CH4, ΔrS(480 K); M

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
119. (+5.4,-0.) SIDTKemper, Bushnell, et al., 1993gas phase; switching reaction(Co+).2CH4, ΔrS(480 K); M

3Water (g) + Aluminum, triethyl- (l) = AlH3O3 (amorphous) + 3Ethane (g)

By formula: 3H2O (g) + C6H15Al (l) = AlH3O3 (amorphous) + 3C2H6 (g)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-647.3 ± 6.3kJ/molRSCFowell, 1961Please also see Cox and Pilcher, 1970. Liquid triethylaluminum contains a very small molar fraction of monomer at 298 K, ca. 0.1% Smith, 1967, so that the "real" liquid should be described as [Al(Et)3]2.; MS

C2H5- + Hydrogen cation = Ethane

By formula: C2H5- + H+ = C2H6

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1758. ± 8.4kJ/molBranDePuy, Gronert, et al., 1989gas phase; B
Δr1761. ± 8.4kJ/molBranDePuy, Bierbaum, et al., 1984gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1723. ± 8.8kJ/molH-TSDePuy, Gronert, et al., 1989gas phase; B

(Cobalt ion (1+) • Ethane) + Methane = (Cobalt ion (1+) • Methane • Ethane)

By formula: (Co+ • C2H6) + CH4 = (Co+ • CH4 • C2H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr110.J/mol*KSIDTKemper, Bushnell, et al., 1993gas phase; ΔrS(490 K); M

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
102. (+4.6,-0.) SIDTKemper, Bushnell, et al., 1993gas phase; ΔrS(490 K); M

Hydrogen bromide (g) + ethyllithium (cr) = Ethane (g) + Lithium bromide (cr)

By formula: HBr (g) + C2H5Li (cr) = C2H6 (g) + BrLi (cr)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-345.7 ± 2.0kJ/molRSCHolm, 1974Please also see Pedley and Rylance, 1977. The reaction enthalpy was quoted from Pedley and Rylance, 1977. See Liebman, Martinho Simões, et al., 1995 for comments; MS

C5O5W (g) + Ethane (g) = C7H6O5W (g)

By formula: C5O5W (g) + C2H6 (g) = C7H6O5W (g)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-31.0 ± 8.4kJ/molEqGBrown, Ishikawa, et al., 1990Temperature range: ca. 300-350 K; MS
Δr-41. ± 13.kJ/molEqGIshikawa, Brown, et al., 1988Temperature range: 298-363 K; MS

Iron ion (1+) + Ethane = (Iron ion (1+) • Ethane)

By formula: Fe+ + C2H6 = (Fe+ • C2H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr70. ± 10.kJ/molMKERCarpenter, van Koppen, et al., 1995gas phase; M

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
64.0 (+5.9,-0.) CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- + 2Hydrogen = Ethane + 2Hydrogen chloride

By formula: C2H4Cl2 + 2H2 = C2H6 + 2HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-143.0 ± 0.96kJ/molChydLacher, Amador, et al., 1967gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, 2, Original value = -147.77 ± 0.50 kJ/mol; At 250 C; ALS

2Hydrogen + Ethane, 1,1-dichloro- = Ethane + 2Hydrogen chloride

By formula: 2H2 + C2H4Cl2 = C2H6 + 2HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-140.8 ± 1.0kJ/molChydLacher, Amador, et al., 1967gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, 2, Original value = -145.0 ± 0.50 kJ/mol; At 250C; ALS

2Hydrogen + Acetylene = Ethane

By formula: 2H2 + C2H2 = C2H6

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-312.0 ± 0.63kJ/molChydConn, Kistiakowsky, et al., 1939gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, 2, Original value = -314.1 ± 2.8 kJ/mol; At 355 K; ALS

Diethylzinc (l) + (Sulfuric Acid • 100Water) (solution) = 2Ethane (g) + (zinc sulphate • 100Water) (solution)

By formula: C4H10Zn (l) + (H2O4S • 100H2O) (solution) = 2C2H6 (g) + (O4SZn • 100H2O) (solution)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-354.4 ± 4.2kJ/molRSCCarson, Hartley, et al., 1949Please also see Pedley and Rylance, 1977 and Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; MS

Hydrogen + Ethylene = Ethane

By formula: H2 + C2H4 = C2H6

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-136. ± 2.kJ/molChydKistiakowsky and Nickle, 1951gas phase; ALS
Δr-136.3 ± 0.3kJ/molChydKistiakowsky, Romeyn, et al., 1935gas phase; ALS

2Hydrogen chloride (g) + Aluminum, chlorodiethyl- (l) = AlCl3 (cr) + 2Ethane (g)

By formula: 2HCl (g) + C4H10AlCl (l) = AlCl3 (cr) + 2C2H6 (g)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-265.0 ± 3.3kJ/molRSCShaulov and Shmyreva, 1968The reaction enthalpy was derived from data in Shaulov and Shmyreva, 1968.; MS

C2H4+ + Ethane = (C2H4+ • Ethane)

By formula: C2H4+ + C2H6 = (C2H4+ • C2H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr64.0kJ/molPHPMSHiraoka and Kebarle, 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr88.J/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Kebarle, 1980gas phase; M

2Hydrogen + Ethene, chloro- = Ethane + Hydrogen chloride

By formula: 2H2 + C2H3Cl = C2H6 + HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-214.2 ± 0.8kJ/molChydLacher, Emery, et al., 1956gas phase; At 298 K, see Lacher, Kianpour, et al., 1956; ALS

Hydrogen bromide (g) + C2H5BrMg (solution) = Ethane (solution) + Br2Mg (solution)

By formula: HBr (g) + C2H5BrMg (solution) = C2H6 (solution) + Br2Mg (solution)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-299.2 ± 2.2kJ/molRSCHolm, 1981solvent: Diethyl ether; MS

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 2Ethane) + Ethane = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 3Ethane)

By formula: (Co+ • 2C2H6) + C2H6 = (Co+ • 3C2H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr50.kJ/molSIDTKemper, Bushnell, et al., 1993gas phase; ΔrH<; M

Aluminum ion (1+) + Ethane = (Aluminum ion (1+) • Ethane)

By formula: Al+ + C2H6 = (Al+ • C2H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr38. ± 8.4kJ/molCIDC,EqGStockigt, Schwarz, et al., 1996Anchored to theory; RCD

2Hydrogen + Vinyl bromide = Hydrogen bromide + Ethane

By formula: 2H2 + C2H3Br = HBr + C2H6

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-199.2 ± 1.9kJ/molChydLacher, Kianpour, et al., 1957gas phase; ALS

Hydrogen + 2Ethane, iodo- = 2Ethane + Iodine

By formula: H2 + 2C2H5I = 2C2H6 + I2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-88.7 ± 3.3kJ/molChydAshcroft, Carson, et al., 1965liquid phase; ALS

Hydrogen + Ethyl bromide = Hydrogen bromide + Ethane

By formula: H2 + C2H5Br = HBr + C2H6

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-59.0 ± 1.1kJ/molChydFowell, Lacher, et al., 1965gas phase; ALS

Hydrogen + 2Ethyl bromide = 2Ethane + Bromine

By formula: H2 + 2C2H5Br = 2C2H6 + Br2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr23. ± 13.kJ/molChydAshcroft, Carson, et al., 1965liquid phase; ALS

Hydrogen + Ethyl Chloride = Ethane + Hydrogen chloride

By formula: H2 + C2H5Cl = C2H6 + HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-69.3 ± 0.4kJ/molChydLacher, Emery, et al., 1956gas phase; ALS

Nickel ion (1+) + Ethane = (Nickel ion (1+) • Ethane)

By formula: Ni+ + C2H6 = (Ni+ • C2H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr120. ± 10.kJ/molMKERCarpenter, van Koppen, et al., 1995gas phase; M

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
NIST MS number 23

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Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Takehiko Shimanouchi

Symmetry:   D3d     Symmetry Number σ = 6


 Sym.   No   Approximate   Selected Freq.  Infrared   Raman   Comments 
 Species   type of mode   Value   Rating   Value  Phase  Value  Phase

a1g 1 CH3 s-str 2954  B  ia 2953.7 gas
a1g 2 CH3 s-deform 1388  B  ia 1388.4 gas
a1g 3 CC str 995  A  ia 994.8 gas
a1u 4 Torsion 289  B 289 gas  ia
a2u 5 CH3 s-str 2896  B 2895.8 gas  ia
a2u 6 CH3 s-deform 1379  A 1379.2 gas  ia
eg 7 CH3 d-str 2969  A  ia 2968.7 gas
eg 8 CH3 d-deform 1468  A  ia 1468.1 gas
eg 9 CH3 rock 1190  E  ia OC
eu 10 CH3 d-str 2985  A 2985.4 gas  ia
eu 11 CH3 d-deform 1469  C 1469 gas  ia FR412)
eu 12 CH3 rock 822  A 821.6 gas  ia

Source: Shimanouchi, 1972

Notes

iaInactive
FRFermi resonance with an overtone or a combination tone indicated in the parentheses.
OCFrequency estimated from an overtone or a combination tone indicated in the parentheses.
A0~1 cm-1 uncertainty
B1~3 cm-1 uncertainty
C3~6 cm-1 uncertainty
E15~30 cm-1 uncertainty

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Manion, 2002
Manion, J.A., Evaluated Enthalpies of Formation of the Stable Closed Shell C1 and C2 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2002, 31, 1, 123-172, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1420703 . [all data]

Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1991
Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, 4th edition, Volume 2, Gurvich, L.V.; Veyts, I.V.; Alcock, C.B.;, ed(s)., Hemisphere, New York, 1991. [all data]

Pittam and Pilcher, 1972
Pittam, D.A.; Pilcher, G., Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry. Part 8.-Methane, ethane, propane, n-butane and 2-methylpropane, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1972, 68, 2224-2229. [all data]

Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion and formation of the paraffin hydrocarbons at 25° C, J. Res. NBS, 1945, 263-267. [all data]

Rossini, 1934
Rossini, F.D., Calorimetric determination of the heats of combustion of ethane, propane, normal butane, and normal pentane, J. Res. NBS, 1934, 12, 735-750. [all data]

Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989
Gurvich, L.V.; Veyts, I.V.; Alcock, C.B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, 4th ed.; Vols. 1 and 2, Hemisphere, New York, 1989. [all data]

Pitzer K.S., 1944
Pitzer K.S., Thermodynamics of gaseous paraffins. Specific heat and related properties, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1944, 36, 829-831. [all data]

Chao J., 1973
Chao J., Ideal gas thermodynamic properties of ethane and propane, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1973, 2, 427-438. [all data]

Pamidimukkala K.M., 1982
Pamidimukkala K.M., Ideal gas thermodynamic properties of CH3, CD3, CD4, C2D2, C2D4, C2D6, C2H6, CH3N2CH3, and CD3N2CD3, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1982, 11, 83-99. [all data]

Halford J.O., 1957
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Notes

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