Ethanedione, diphenyl-

• Formula: C₁₄H₁₀O₂
• Molecular weight: 210.2280
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C14H10O2/c15-13(11-7-3-1-4-8-11)14(16)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 134-81-6
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Benzil; Bibenzoyl; Dibenzoyl; Diphenyl-α,β-diketone; Diphenylethanedione; Diphenylglyoxal; 1,2-Diphenylethane-1,2-dione; 1,2-Diphenylethanedione; Glyoxal, diphenyl-; Wy 20910; 1,2-Ethanedione, 1,2-diphenyl-; NSC 220315
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis

Reduced pressure boiling point

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of sublimation

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Enthalpy of phase transition

Entropy of phase transition

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• SOLUTION (10% IN CCl4 FOR 4000-1340 CM^-1, 10% IN CS2 FOR 1340-600 CM^-1); BECKMAN IR-7 (GRATING); DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

• gas; HP-GC/MS/IRD

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Dworkin A., 1983
Dworkin A., Heat capacity, phase transition, and thermodynamic properties of benzil, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1983, 15, 1029-1035. [all data]

Parks and Mosher, 1962
Parks, G.S.; Mosher, H.P., Heats of combustion and formation of seven organic compounds containing oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1962, 37, 919-920. [all data]

Springall and White, 1954
Springall, H.D.; White, T.R., Heats of combustion and molecular structure. Part II. The mean bond energy term for the carbonyl system in certain ketones, J. Chem. Soc., 1954, 2765-27. [all data]

Landrieu, 1906
Landrieu, M.Ph., Thermochimie des hydrazones et des osazones, des dicetones-α et des sucres reducteurs, Compt. Rend., 1906, 140, 580-582. [all data]

Barker, 1925
Barker, M.F., Calorific value and constitution, J. Phys. Chem., 1925, 29, 1345-1363. [all data]

Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982
Buckingham, J.; Donaghy, S.M., Dictionary of Organic Compounds: Fifth Edition, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1982, 1. [all data]

Andon and Connett, 1980
Andon, R.J.L.; Connett, J.E., Calibrants for thermal analysis. measurement of their enthalpies of fusion by adiabatic calorimetry., Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 42, 241. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Aihara, 1959
Aihara, A., Estimation of the energy of hydrogen bonds formed in crystals. I. Sublimation pressures of some organic molecular crystals and the additivity of lattice energy, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1959, 32, 1242. [all data]

Aihara, 1959, 2
Aihara, Ariyuki, Estimation of the Energy of Hydrogen Bonds Formed in Crystals. I. Sublimation Pressures of Some Organic Molecular Crystals and the Additivity of Lattice Energy, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1959, 32, 11, 1242-1248, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.32.1242 . [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press Inc., London, 1970, 643. [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H., Uber sublimationswarmen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1938, 39, 194-208. [all data]

Fattahi, Kass, et al., 2005
Fattahi, Alireza; Kass, Steven R.; Liebman, Joel F.; Matos, M. Agostinha R.; Miranda, Margarida S.; Morais, Victor M.F., The Enthalpies of Formation of o -, m -, and p -Benzoquinone: Gas-Phase Ion Energetics, Combustion Calorimetry, and Quantum Chemical Computations Combined, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 16, 6116-6122, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja042612f . [all data]

Rai and Varma, 2001
Rai, R.N.; Varma, K.B.R., Thermal and dielectric studies on binary organic system: benzil--m-nitroaniline, Materials Letters, 2001, 48, 6, 356-361, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-577X(00)00327-X . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Booss and Hauschildt, 1972
Booss, H.J.; Hauschildt, K.R., Die Schmelzenthalpie des Benzils und 4-Nitrophenols, Z. Anal. Chem., 1972, 261(1), 32. [all data]

Andon and Connett, 1980, 2
Andon, R.J.L.; Connett, J.E., Calibrants for thermal analysis. Measurement of their enthalpies of fusion by adiabatic calorimetry, Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 42, 241-247. [all data]

Dworkin and Fuchs, 1977
Dworkin, A.; Fuchs, A.H., Heat capacity of benzil near its phase transition, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 67, 1789-1790. [all data]

Polevoi, Matyuk, et al., 1987
Polevoi, A.V.; Matyuk, V.M.; Grigor'eva, G.A.; Potapov, V.K., Formation of intermediate products during the resonance stepwise polarization of dibenzyl ketone and benzil molecules, Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1987, 21, 12. [all data]

Elder, Beynon, et al., 1976
Elder, J.F.; Beynon, J.H.; Cooks, R.G., The benzoyl ion. Thermochemistry and kinetic energy release, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1976, 11, 415. [all data]

Scheppele, Mitchum, et al., 1973
Scheppele, S.E.; Mitchum, R.K.; Kinneberg, K.F.; Meisels, G.G.; Emmel, R.H., Internal energy distributions and the fragmentation of gaseous organic ions. Dissociation of ions produced by electron impact on 4-methylbenzil, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 5105. [all data]

Natalis and Franklin, 1965
Natalis, P.; Franklin, J.L., Ionization and dissociation of diphenyl and condensed ring aromatics by electron impact. II. Diphenylcarbonyls and ethers, J. Phys. Chem., 1965, 69, 2943. [all data]

McAlduff and Bunbury, 1979
McAlduff, E.J.; Bunbury, D.L., Photoelectron spectra of some aromatic mono-and di-ketones, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1979, 17, 81. [all data]

Arnett, Newkome, et al., 1974
Arnett, J.F.; Newkome, G.; Mattice, W.L.; McGlynn, S.P., Excited electronic states of the α-dicarbonyls, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 4385. [all data]

Bartecki, Szoke, et al., 1961
Bartecki, A.; Szoke, J.; Varsanyi, G.; Vizesy, M., Absorption spectra in the ultraviolet and visible region. Volume 2, Academic Press Inc., New York, 1961, 256. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,solid	Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
  S°gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
  S°solid,1 bar	Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar)
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔHtrs	Enthalpy of phase transition
  ΔStrs	Entropy of phase transition
  ΔcH°solid	Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°solid	Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔsubH	Enthalpy of sublimation
  ΔsubH°	Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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