Germanium difluoride

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus385.KN/AAdams, Margrave, et al., 1971Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC
Tfus385.KN/AAdams, Margrave, et al., 1970Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub19.8 ± 1.0kcal/molMSAdams, Margrave, et al., 1971AC
Δsub22.3 ± 2.5kcal/molN/AAdams, Margrave, et al., 1971AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
2.21(corrected to 298.K)Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to F2Ge+ (ion structure unspecified)

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
>1.30 ± 0.30EIAEHarland, Cradock, et al., 1972From GeF4; G2MP2 calculations indicate an EA of ca. 0.7 eV; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
12.9 ± 0.3EIAdams, Margrave, et al., 1971, 2LLK
11.8 ± 0.1EIZmbov, Hastie, et al., 1968RDSH
11.65PEJonkers, Van Der Kerk, et al., 1982Vertical value; LBLHLM

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
GeF+14.0 ± 0.3FEIZmbov, Hastie, et al., 1968RDSH
Ge+18.8 ± 0.3?EIZmbov, Hastie, et al., 1968RDSH

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State:   B ?


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

Tx = 68400 T gas B-X 136 156 Gole, Hauge, et al., 1972

State:   A


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

To = 43860.9 gas A-X 215 265 Hauge, Khanna, et al., 1968
Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994
Boyle, Seccombe, et al., 1998


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1 1 Sym. stretch 623.8 ± 0.6 gas LF Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994
2 Bend 159.6 gas AB LF Hauge, Khanna, et al., 1968
Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994

State:   a


 Energy 
 (cm-1
 Med.   Transition   λmin 
 (nm) 
 λmax 
 (nm) 
 References

To = 30582.1 gas a-X 300 380 Martin and Merer, 1973
Yagi and Takahashi, 1992
Yagi, Ohta, et al., 1993
Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994
Boyle, Seccombe, et al., 1998


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1 1 Sym. stretch 673.1 ± 0.5 gas LF Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994
2 Bend 192.2 gas EM LF Martin and Merer, 1973
Yagi and Takahashi, 1992
Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994

State:   X


Vib. 
sym. 
 No.   Approximate 
 type of mode 
 cm-1   Med.   Method   References

a1 1 Sym. stretch 663 gas IR Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968
1 Sym. stretch 655 Ne IR Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968
1 Sym. stretch 648 Ar IR Ra Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968
Huber, Kundig, et al., 1974
1 Sym. stretch 653 N2 Ra Huber, Kundig, et al., 1974
2 Bend 263 ± 2 gas AB EM Hauge, Khanna, et al., 1968
Martin and Merer, 1973
Yagi and Takahashi, 1992
b2 3 Asym. stretch 692 gas IR Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968
3 Asym. stretch 685 Ne IR Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968
3 Asym. stretch 676 Ar IR Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 101; Jacox, 1998, page 198; Jacox, 2003, page 140; Takeo, Curl, et al., 1971; Takeo and Curl, 1972

Notes

TTentative assignment or approximate value
oEnergy separation between the v = 0 levels of the excited and electronic ground states.
xEnergy separation between the band maximum of the excited electronic state and the v = 0 level of the ground state.

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, NIST Free Links, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971
Adams, G.P.; Margrave, J.L.; Steiger, Ronald P.; Wilson, P.W., The enthalpy of sublimation of germanium difluoride and the thermodynamics of sublimation of the Group IVa difluorides, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1971, 3, 3, 297-305, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9614(71)80046-0 . [all data]

Adams, Margrave, et al., 1970
Adams, G.P.; Margrave, J.L.; Wilson, P.W., The Enthalpy of Formation of Germanium Difluoride, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, 2, 741-4. [all data]

Harland, Cradock, et al., 1972
Harland, P.W.; Cradock, S.; Thynne, J.C.J., Positive- and negative-ion formation due to the electron bombardment of germanium tetrafluoride, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 10, 169. [all data]

Adams, Margrave, et al., 1971, 2
Adams, G.P.; Margrave, J.L.; Steiger, R.P.; Wilson, P.W., The enthalpy of sublimation of germanium difluoride and the thermodynamics of sublimation of the Group IVa difluorides, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1971, 3, 297. [all data]

Zmbov, Hastie, et al., 1968
Zmbov, K.F.; Hastie, J.W.; Hauge, R.; Margrave, J.L., Formation of polymeric (GeF2)n in the vapor phase over GeF2, Inorg. Chem., 1968, 7, 608. [all data]

Jonkers, Van Der Kerk, et al., 1982
Jonkers, G.; Van Der Kerk, S.M.; Mooyman, R.; De Lange, C.A., UV photoelectron spectroscopy of transient species: Germanium difluoride (GeF2), Chem. Phys. Lett., 1982, 90, 252. [all data]

Gole, Hauge, et al., 1972
Gole, J.L.; Hauge, R.H.; Margrave, J.L.; Hastie, J.W., The vaccum ultraviolet spectra of SiF2 and GeF2, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1972, 43, 3, 441, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(72)90055-0 . [all data]

Hauge, Khanna, et al., 1968
Hauge, R.; Khanna, V.M.; Margrave, L., Ultraviolet absorption spectrum of GeF2, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1968, 27, 1-4, 143, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(68)90026-X . [all data]

Karolczak, Grev, et al., 1994
Karolczak, J.; Grev, R.S.; Clouthier, D.J., Pyrolysis jet spectroscopy and ab initio studies of the S1 and T1 states of germanium difluoride, J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 101, 2, 891, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.467742 . [all data]

Boyle, Seccombe, et al., 1998
Boyle, K.J.; Seccombe, D.P.; Tuckett, R.P.; Baumgartel, H.; Jochims, H.W., Vacuum--UV fluorescence spectroscopy of GeF4 in the 10--25 eV range, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1998, 294, 6, 507, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(98)00881-1 . [all data]

Martin and Merer, 1973
Martin, R.W.; Merer, A.J., A New Electronic Emission System of GeF, Can. J. Phys., 1973, 51, 7, 727, https://doi.org/10.1139/p73-097 . [all data]

Yagi and Takahashi, 1992
Yagi, S.; Takahashi, N., Anomalous intense ultraviolet emission bands in the radio-frequency glow discharges of GeH4-fluorocarbon-H2 mixtures, Appl. Phys. Lett., 1992, 61, 22, 2677, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.108106 . [all data]

Yagi, Ohta, et al., 1993
Yagi, S.; Ohta, T.; Saito, K.; Obi, K., Selective excitation of GeF and GeF2 in glow discharges of GeF4, J. Appl. Phys., 1993, 74, 3, 1480, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.354846 . [all data]

Hastie, Hauge, et al., 1968
Hastie, J.W.; Hauge, R.; Margrave, J.L., Infrared vibrational properties of germanium difluoride, J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 72, 13, 4492, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100859a020 . [all data]

Huber, Kundig, et al., 1974
Huber, H.; Kundig, E.P.; Ozin, G.A.; Vander Voet, A., Matrix Infrared and Laser Raman Spectra, Molecular Structures and Normal Coordinate Analyses of Germanium Difluoride, Monomer GeF, Can. J. Chem., 1974, 52, 1, 95, https://doi.org/10.1139/v74-013 . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017 . [all data]

Jacox, 2003
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement B, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2003, 32, 1, 1-441, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1497629 . [all data]

Takeo, Curl, et al., 1971
Takeo, H.; Curl, R.F.; Wilson, P.W., Microwave spectrum of GeF2, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1971, 38, 3, 464, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(71)90072-5 . [all data]

Takeo and Curl, 1972
Takeo, H.; Curl, R.F., Microwave spectrum of GeF2: quadrupole coupling and centrifugal distortion, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1972, 43, 1, 21, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(72)90160-9 . [all data]


Notes

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