Sulfur dimer

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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to S2+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.356 ± 0.002eVN/AN/AL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
1.670 ± 0.015LPESMoran and Ellison, 1988B
1.663 ± 0.040LPESCelotta, Bennett, et al., 1974B
1.565 ± 0.050LPDHunsicker, Jones, et al., 1995B
>0.86 ± 0.10R-ADillard and Franklin, 1968S- + COS -> S2- + CO. Also S2- + COS -> S3- + CO, etc. to n=6; B
>2.50 ± 0.80EIAEThynne, 1972From CS2; B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.4PEBender, Carnovale, et al., 1988LL
9.356 ± 0.002PILiao and Ng, 1986LBLHLM
9.6 ± 0.2EIRosinger, Grade, et al., 1983LBLHLM
9.5 ± 0.2EIGrade, Wienecke, et al., 1983LBLHLM
9.5 ± 0.3EILau, Brittain, et al., 1982LBLHLM
9.38 ± 0.03DERCoppens, Reynaert, et al., 1979LLK
9.36 ± 0.02EITal'roze, Butkovskaya, et al., 1978LLK
9.8 ± 0.3EISmoes, Drowart, et al., 1977LLK
10.1 ± 0.3EIPiacente, Bardi, et al., 1976LLK
9.4 ± 0.1EIHildenbrand, 1975LLK
9.38 ± 0.01PEGolob, Jonathan, et al., 1975LLK
9.30PEBerkowitz, 1975LLK
9.8 ± 0.5EIMuenow and Margrave, 1972LLK
9.42 ± 0.10EIHildenbrand, 1972LLK
9.40 ± 0.05SDonovan, Husain, et al., 1970RDSH
9.32SBarrow, duParcq, et al., 1969RDSH
9.36 ± 0.02PIBerkowitz and Lifshitz, 1968RDSH
9.55PEWu and Fehlner, 1976Vertical value; LLK
9.56PEBerkowitz, 1975Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
S+14.732 ± 0.005SPILiao and Ng, 1986LBLHLM
S+13.5 ± 0.5SEIPiacente, Bardi, et al., 1976LLK
S+14.74 ± 0.01SPIBerkowitz and Chupka, 1969RDSH

Anion protonation reactions

S2- + Hydrogen cation = HS2

By formula: S2- + H+ = HS2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1380. ± 15.kJ/molD-EAMoran and Ellison, 1988gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr>1441.8kJ/molIMRBGoodings, Bohme, et al., 1986gas phase; S- deprotonates H2S, Sn- for n≥2, does not.; B

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Moran and Ellison, 1988
Moran, S.; Ellison, G.B., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Sulfur Ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1988, 92, 7, 1794, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100318a021 . [all data]

Celotta, Bennett, et al., 1974
Celotta, R.S.; Bennett, R.A.; Hall, J.L., Laser Photodetachment Determination of the Electron Affinities of OH, NH2, NH, SO2, and S2, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 5, 1740, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1681268 . [all data]

Hunsicker, Jones, et al., 1995
Hunsicker, S.; Jones, R.O.; Gantefor, G., Rings and chains in sulfur cluster anions S- to S-9(-): Theory (simulated annealing) and experiment (photoelectron detachment), J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 15, 5917, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469326 . [all data]

Dillard and Franklin, 1968
Dillard, J.G.; Franklin, J.L., Ion-Molecule Reactions of Negative Ions. I. Negative Ions of Sulfur, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 5, 2349, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1669435 . [all data]

Thynne, 1972
Thynne, J.C.J., Negative Ion Studies with a Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer., Dyn. Mass Spectrom., 1972, 3, 67. [all data]

Bender, Carnovale, et al., 1988
Bender, H.; Carnovale, F.; Peel, J.B.; Wentrup, C., Dinitrogen sulfide, N2S, revealed by photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 3458. [all data]

Liao and Ng, 1986
Liao, C.; Ng, C., Molecular beam photoionization study of S2, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 84, 788. [all data]

Rosinger, Grade, et al., 1983
Rosinger, W.; Grade, M.; Hirschwald, W., Detection of ion states of S2 to S8 by electron impact, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1983, 47, 239. [all data]

Grade, Wienecke, et al., 1983
Grade, M.; Wienecke, J.; Rosinger, W.; Hirschwald, W., Electron impact investigation of the molecules SeS(g) and TeSe(g) under high-temperature equilibrium conditions, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem., 1983, 87, 355. [all data]

Lau, Brittain, et al., 1982
Lau, K.H.; Brittain, R.D.; Hildenbrand, D.L., Vaporization of As2S3 and the dissociation energy of AsS, J. Phys. Chem., 1982, 86, 4429. [all data]

Coppens, Reynaert, et al., 1979
Coppens, P.; Reynaert, J.C.; Drowart, J., Mass spectrometric study of the photoionization of carbon disulphide in the wavelength interval 125-60nm, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1979, 75, 292. [all data]

Tal'roze, Butkovskaya, et al., 1978
Tal'roze, V.L.; Butkovskaya, N.I.; Larichev, M.N.; Leipunskii, I.O.; Morozov, I.I.; Dodonov, A.F.; Kudrov, B.V.; Zelenov, V.V.; Raznikov, V.V., Advances in the mass spectrometry of free radicals, Adv. Mass Spectrom., 1978, 7, 693. [all data]

Smoes, Drowart, et al., 1977
Smoes, S.; Drowart, J.; Welter, J.M., Thermodynamic study of the vaporization of europium monosulfide by Knudsen-cell mass spectrometry atomization energies of EuS(g), Eu2S(g), EuS2(g), Eu2O(g), Eu2O2(g), Eu2OS(g), and Eu2S2(g), J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1977, 9, 275. [all data]

Piacente, Bardi, et al., 1976
Piacente, V.; Bardi, G.; di Paolo, V.; Ferro, D., The vapour pressure over Ga2S2 and Ga2Se2, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1976, 8, 391. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1975
Hildenbrand, D.L., Vertical ionization potential of the CF2 radical, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1975, 32, 30. [all data]

Golob, Jonathan, et al., 1975
Golob, L.; Jonathan, N.; Morris, A.; Okuda, M.; Ross, K.J.; Smith, D.J., Vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of transient species, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1975, 71, 1026. [all data]

Berkowitz, 1975
Berkowitz, J., PES of high temperature vapors. VII. S2 and Te2, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 4074. [all data]

Muenow and Margrave, 1972
Muenow, D.W.; Margrave, J.L., Mass spectrometric observations of gaseous phosphorus sulfides and oxysulfides, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 1972, 34, 89. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1972
Hildenbrand, D.L., Thermochemistry of the molecules CS and CS+, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1972, 15, 379. [all data]

Donovan, Husain, et al., 1970
Donovan, R.J.; Husain, D.; Stevenson, C.D., Vacuum ultra-violet spectra of transient molecules and radicals. Part 1. CS and S2, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1970, 66, 1. [all data]

Barrow, duParcq, et al., 1969
Barrow, R.F.; duParcq, R.P.; Ricks, J.M., Rotational analysis of the C 3Σu--X 3g- system of 32S2, J. Phys. B:, 1969, 2, 413. [all data]

Berkowitz and Lifshitz, 1968
Berkowitz, J.; Lifshitz, C., Photoionization of high temperature vapors. II. Sulfur molecular species, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 4346. [all data]

Wu and Fehlner, 1976
Wu, M.; Fehlner, T.P., Valence level photoelectron spectra of some heavy group 4-6 diatomic molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 7578. [all data]

Berkowitz and Chupka, 1969
Berkowitz, J.; Chupka, W.A., Photoionization of high-temperature vapors. VI. S2, Se2, and Te2, J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 50, 4245. [all data]

Goodings, Bohme, et al., 1986
Goodings, J.M.; Bohme, D.K.; Elguindi, K.; Fox, A., Sulphur Anion Chemistry in Hydrocarbon Flames with H2S, OCS, and SO2 Additives, Can. J. Chem., 1986, 64, 4, 689, https://doi.org/10.1139/v86-110 . [all data]


Notes

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