Fluoranthene

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas69.65 ± 0.96kcal/molReviewRoux, Temprado, et al., 2008There are sufficient literature values to make a qualified recommendation where the suggested value is in good agreement with values predicted using thermochemical cycles or from reliable estimates. In general, the evaluated uncertainty limits are on the order of (2 to 4) kJ/mol.; DRB
Δfgas69.26kcal/molN/AWestrum and Wong, 1967Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of 189.8±0.4 kj/mol from Westrum and Wong, 1967 and ΔsubH° value of 100.0 kj/mol from Boyd, Christensen, et al., 1965.; DRB
Δfgas69.78 ± 0.52kcal/molCcbBoyd, Christensen, et al., 1965Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 70.4 ± 1.8 kcal/mol; ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
10.0450.Dorofeeva O.V., 1989These values are based on the experimental assignment of vibrational spectra. The S(300 K) and Cp(300 K) values calculated by MM3 method [ Pope C.J., 1995] are 10 and 4 J/mol*K, respectively, larger than selected ones. Recommended values are also reproduced in the reference book [ Frenkel M., 1994].; GT
15.71100.
22.90150.
31.171200.
44.192273.15
48.66 ± 0.48298.15
48.984300.
65.674400.
79.579500.
90.674600.
99.512700.
106.64800.
112.48900.
117.321000.
121.371100.
124.791200.
127.691300.
130.171400.
132.301500.

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfsolid45.46 ± 0.67kcal/molReviewRoux, Temprado, et al., 2008There are sufficient literature values to make a qualified recommendation where the suggested value is in good agreement with values predicted using thermochemical cycles or from reliable estimates. In general, the evaluated uncertainty limits are on the order of (2 to 4) kJ/mol.; DRB
Δfsolid45.36 ± 0.09kcal/molCcrWestrum and Wong, 1967ALS
Δfsolid46.0 ± 1.3kcal/molCcbBoyd, Christensen, et al., 1965ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcsolid-1891.77 ± 0.09kcal/molCcrWestrum and Wong, 1967Corresponding Δfsolid = 45.38 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δcsolid-1892.4 ± 1.3kcal/molCcbBoyd, Christensen, et al., 1965Corresponding Δfsolid = 46.0 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
solid,1 bar55.110cal/mol*KN/AWong and Westrum, 1971DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

Cp,solid (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
55.031298.15Wong and Westrum, 1971T = 5 to 427 K.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus381.0KN/ACasellato, Vecchi, et al., 1973Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Tfus386.1KN/ASangster and Irvine, 1956Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC
Tfus385.2KN/ASangster and Irvine, 1956Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC
Tfus385.4KN/ASangster and Irvine, 1956Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC
Tfus383.45KN/ASchuyer, Blom, et al., 1953Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple383.340KN/AWong and Westrum, 1971, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 K; TRC
Ttriple383.330KN/AWong and Westrum, 1971, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap20.7 ± 0.31kcal/molGCRibeiro da Silva, Gomes, et al., 2005Based on data from 423. - 493. K.; AC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub24.19 ± 0.67kcal/molReviewRoux, Temprado, et al., 2008There are sufficient literature values to make a qualified recommendation where the suggested value is in good agreement with values predicted using thermochemical cycles or from reliable estimates. In general, the evaluated uncertainty limits are on the order of (2 to 4) kJ/mol.; DRB
Δsub23.7 ± 0.2kcal/molVMorawetz, 1972ALS
Δsub23.7 ± 0.2kcal/molCMorawetz, 1972, 2See also Pedley and Rylance, 1977.; AC
Δsub24.4 ± 0.5kcal/molVBoyd, Christensen, et al., 1965ALS
Δsub23.90kcal/molN/ABoyd, Christensen, et al., 1965DRB

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
19.0398.GCLei, Chankalal, et al., 2002Based on data from 323. - 473. K.; AC
18.5398.GCHinckley, Bidleman, et al., 1990Based on data from 343. - 453. K.; AC
14.9518.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 503. - 658. K. See also Tsypikina and Ya, 1955.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
470. - 657.42.506421017.476-253.875Tsypkina, 1955Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
23.5383.GSNass, Lenoir, et al., 1995Based on data from 313. - 453. K.; AC
20.2 ± 0.2303.GSSonnefeld, Zoller, et al., 1983Based on data from 283. - 323. K.; AC
24.4 ± 0.5340.MEBoyd, Christensen, et al., 1965Based on data from 328. - 353. K. See also Cox and Pilcher, 1970, 2.; AC
24.52328.N/AHoyer and Peperle, 1958Based on data from 298. - 358. K.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
4.4761383.36Wong and Westrum, 1971DH
4.479383.4Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
11.68383.36Wong and Westrum, 1971DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference
110.6900.XN/A
0.46 LN/A

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to C16H10+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)7.9 ± 0.1eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)198.0kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity191.4kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
0.629995ECDMichl, 1969B

Proton affinity at 298K

Proton affinity (kcal/mol) Reference Comment
197.6Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000Experimental literature data re-evaluated by the authors using ab initio protonation entropies; MM

Gas basicity at 298K

Gas basicity (review) (kcal/mol) Reference Comment
191.1Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000Experimental literature data re-evaluated by the authors using ab initio protonation entropies; MM

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
7.9 ± 0.1TRPILing and Lifshitz, 1995LL
7.95 ± 0.04PEBoschi, Clar, et al., 1974LLK
7.80 ± 0.01PIDewar, Haselbach, et al., 1970RDSH
7.72CTSSlifkin and Allison, 1967RDSH

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C16H8+11.50 ± 0.122HDERLing and Lifshitz, 1995LL
C16H8+11.24 ± 0.25H2DERLing and Lifshitz, 1995LL
C16H9+12.38 ± 0.14HDERLing and Lifshitz, 1995LL

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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IR spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Standard Reference Data Program
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
State gas
Instrument HP-GC/MS/IRD

This IR spectrum is from the NIST/EPA Gas-Phase Infrared Database .


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW- 126
NIST MS number 228362

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Streitwieser and Suzuki, 1961
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 382
Instrument n.i.g.
Melting point 107.8
Boiling point 384

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Roux, Temprado, et al., 2008
Roux, M.V.; Temprado, M.; Chickos, J.S.; Nagano, Y., Critically Evaluated Thermochemical Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 2008, 37, 4, 1855-1996. [all data]

Westrum and Wong, 1967
Westrum, E.F., Jr.; Wong, S., Strain energies and thermal properties of globular and polynuclear aromatic molecules, AEC Rept. Coo-1149-92, Contract AT(11-1)-1149, 1967, 1-7. [all data]

Boyd, Christensen, et al., 1965
Boyd, R.H.; Christensen, R.L.; Pua, R., The heats of combustion of acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, and fluoranthene. Strain and delocalization in bridged naphthalenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1965, 87, 3554-3559. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Dorofeeva O.V., 1989
Dorofeeva O.V., Thermodynamic Properties of Gaseous Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Containing Five-Membered Rings. Institute for High Temperatures, USSR Academy of Sciences, Preprint No.1-263 (in Russian), Moscow, 1989. [all data]

Pope C.J., 1995
Pope C.J., Thermochemical properties of curved PAH and fullerenes: a group additivity method compared with MM3(92) and MOPAC predictions, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 4306-4316. [all data]

Frenkel M., 1994
Frenkel M., Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds in the Gas State, Vol. I, II, Thermodynamics Research Center, College Station, Texas, 1994, 1994. [all data]

Wong and Westrum, 1971
Wong, W-K.; Westrum, E.F., Jr., Thermodynamics of polynuclear aromatic molecules. I. Heat capacities and enthalpies of fusion of pyrene, flouranthene, and triphenylene, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1971, 3, 105-124. [all data]

Casellato, Vecchi, et al., 1973
Casellato, F.; Vecchi, C.; Girell, A., Differential calorimetric study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Thermochim. Acta, 1973, 6, 4, 361, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(73)87003-0 . [all data]

Sangster and Irvine, 1956
Sangster, R.C.; Irvine, J.W., Study of Organic Scintillators, J. Chem. Phys., 1956, 24, 670. [all data]

Schuyer, Blom, et al., 1953
Schuyer, J.; Blom, L.; Van Krevelen, D.W., Molar refraction of condensed aromatic compounds., Trans. Faraday Soc., 1953, 49, 1391. [all data]

Wong and Westrum, 1971, 2
Wong, W.-K.; Westrum, E.F., Thermodynamics of Polynuclear Aromatic Molecules. 1. Heat Capacities and Enthalpies of Fusion of Pyrene, Fluoranthene, and Triphenylene, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1971, 3, 105-24. [all data]

Ribeiro da Silva, Gomes, et al., 2005
Ribeiro da Silva, Manuel A.V.; Gomes, José R.B.; Ferreira, Ana I.M.C.L., Experimental and Computational Investigation of the Energetics of the Three Isomers of Monochloroaniline, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2005, 109, 27, 13356-13362, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0519565 . [all data]

Morawetz, 1972
Morawetz, E., Enthalpies of vaporization for a number of aromatic compounds, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1972, 4, 455. [all data]

Morawetz, 1972, 2
Morawetz, Ernst, Enthalpies of vaporization for a number of aromatic compounds, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1972, 4, 3, 455-460, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(72)90029-8 . [all data]

Pedley and Rylance, 1977
Pedley, J.B.; Rylance, J., , Computer Analysed Thermochemical Data: Organic and Organometallic Compounds, University of Sussex, Brighton, 1977. [all data]

Lei, Chankalal, et al., 2002
Lei, Ying Duan; Chankalal, Raymond; Chan, Anita; Wania, Frank, Supercooled Liquid Vapor Pressures of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2002, 47, 4, 801-806, https://doi.org/10.1021/je0155148 . [all data]

Hinckley, Bidleman, et al., 1990
Hinckley, Daniel A.; Bidleman, Terry F.; Foreman, William T.; Tuschall, Jack R., Determination of vapor pressures for nonpolar and semipolar organic compounds from gas chromatograhic retention data, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1990, 35, 3, 232-237, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00061a003 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Tsypikina and Ya, 1955
Tsypikina, O.; Ya, J., J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 1955, 28, 167. [all data]

Tsypkina, 1955
Tsypkina, O.Y., Study of Vacuum Pressure Influence on Efficiency of Separation of Some Polynuclear Compounds of Coal Tar Rectifications, Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Moscow), 1955, 28, 2, 185-192. [all data]

Nass, Lenoir, et al., 1995
Nass, Karen; Lenoir, Dieter; Kettrup, Antonius, Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by an Incremental Procedure, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1995, 34, 16, 1735-1736, https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199517351 . [all data]

Sonnefeld, Zoller, et al., 1983
Sonnefeld, W.J.; Zoller, W.H.; May, W.E., Dynamic coupled-column liquid-chromatographic determination of ambient-temperature vapor pressures of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Anal. Chem., 1983, 55, 2, 275-280, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00253a022 . [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970, 2
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press Inc., London, 1970, 643. [all data]

Hoyer and Peperle, 1958
Hoyer, H.; Peperle, W., Z. Elektrochem., 1958, 62, 61. [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Michl, 1969
Michl, J., Electronic Spectrum of Fluoranthene, J. Molec. Spectros., 1969, 30, 1-3, 66, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(69)90236-7 . [all data]

Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000
Aue, D.H.; Guidoni, M.; Betowski, L.D., Ab initio calculated gas-phase basicities of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2000, 201, 283. [all data]

Ling and Lifshitz, 1995
Ling, Y.; Lifshitz, C., Time-dependent mass spectra and breakdown graphs. 19. Fluoranthene, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 11074. [all data]

Boschi, Clar, et al., 1974
Boschi, R.; Clar, E.; Schmidt, W., Photoelectron spectra of polynuclear aromatics. III. The effect of nonplanarity in sterically overcrowded aromatic hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 4406. [all data]

Dewar, Haselbach, et al., 1970
Dewar, M.J.S.; Haselbach, E.; Worley, S.D., Calculated and observed ionization potentials of unsaturated polycyclic hydrocarbons; calculated heats of formation by several semiempirical s.c.f. m.o. methods, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1970, A315, 431. [all data]

Slifkin and Allison, 1967
Slifkin, M.A.; Allison, A.C., Measurement of ionization potentials from contact charge transfer spectra, Nature, 1967, 215, 949. [all data]

Streitwieser and Suzuki, 1961
Streitwieser, A., Jr.; Suzuki, S., An HMO treatment of the reduction of aromatic hydrocarbons with alkali metals; reduction of fluoranthene, Tetrahedron, 1961, 16, 153-168. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References