1-Propanol

Formula: C₃H₈O
Molecular weight: 60.0950
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C3H8O/c1-2-3-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 71-23-8
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Propyl alcohol; n-Propan-1-ol; n-Propanol; n-Propyl alcohol; Ethylcarbinol; Optal; Osmosol extra; Propanol; Propylic alcohol; 1-Propyl alcohol; n-C3H7OH; 1-Hydroxypropane; Propanol-1; Propan-1-ol; n-Propyl alkohol; Alcool propilico; Alcool propylique; Propanole; Propanolen; Propanoli; Propylowy alkohol; UN 1274; Propylan-propyl alcohol; NSC 30300; Alcohol, propyl
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
Data at other public NIST sites:
- Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark Database
- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
Options:
- Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_gas	-61.2 ± 0.7	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_gas	77.077	cal/mol*K	N/A	Chao J., 1986	Other values based on low-temperature thermal measurements are: 321.6 [ Buckley E., 1967], 321.7 [ Counsell J.F., 1968], 322.59 [ Green J.H.S., 1961], 323.42 [ Chermin H.A.G., 1961], and 324.72 J/mol*K [ Wilhoit R.C., 1973].; GT

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

C_p,gas (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
9.699	50.	Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997	p=1 bar. Discrepancies with other statistically calculated S(T) and Cp(T) values [ Green J.H.S., 1961, Mathews J.F., 1961, Chao J., 1986, 2], [ Chermin H.A.G., 1961], and [ Kobe K.A., 1951, Zhuravlev E.Z., 1959] amount up to 2.5, 4, and 7 J/mol*K, respectively. Please also see Chao J., 1986.; GT
12.32	100.
14.08	150.
15.86	200.
19.17	273.15
20.45 ± 0.033	298.15
20.54	300.
25.820	400.
30.638	500.
34.754	600.
38.253	700.
41.257	800.
43.860	900.
46.121	1000.
48.093	1100.
49.809	1200.
51.307	1300.
52.615	1400.
53.760	1500.
56.05	1750.
57.70	2000.
58.94	2250.
59.87	2500.
60.7	2750.
61.2	3000.

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

C_p,gas (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
24.441 ± 0.048	371.2	Stromsoe E., 1970	Ideal gas heat capacities are given by [ Stromsoe E., 1970] as a linear function Cp=f1(a+bT). This expression approximates the experimental values with the average deviation of 0.96 J/molK. The accuracy of the experimental heat capacities [ Stromsoe E., 1970] is estimated as less than 0.3%. Please also see Mathews J.F., 1961.; GT
25.64 ± 0.23	375.45
25.97 ± 0.23	383.05
26.15 ± 0.23	387.15
25.440 ± 0.050	391.2
26.58 ± 0.23	396.95
27.15 ± 0.23	409.95
26.391 ± 0.053	411.2
27.62 ± 0.23	420.75
27.72 ± 0.23	422.95
27.330 ± 0.055	431.2
28.37 ± 0.23	437.95
28.351 ± 0.057	451.2
29.38 ± 0.23	461.05
30.01 ± 0.23	475.35
31.30 ± 0.23	504.95
31.60 ± 0.23	511.85
32.50 ± 0.23	532.35
33.71 ± 0.23	560.05
34.53 ± 0.23	578.85
35.60 ± 0.23	603.25

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_liquid	-72.309 ± 0.060	kcal/mol	Ccb	Mosselman and Dekker, 1975	ALS
Δ_fH°_liquid	-72.42 ± 0.31	kcal/mol	Eqk	Connett, 1972	ALS
Δ_fH°_liquid	-72.79 ± 0.09	kcal/mol	Ccb	Chao and Rossini, 1965	see Rossini, 1934; ALS
Δ_fH°_liquid	-72.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	Ccb	Snelson and Skinner, 1961	ALS
Δ_fH°_liquid	-73.20 ± 0.24	kcal/mol	Ccb	Green, 1960	ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_cH°_liquid	-483.105 ± 0.060	kcal/mol	Ccb	Mosselman and Dekker, 1975	Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -72.309 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-482.64 ± 0.07	kcal/mol	Ccb	Chao and Rossini, 1965	see Rossini, 1934; Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -72.77 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-483.12 ± 0.18	kcal/mol	Ccb	Snelson and Skinner, 1961	Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -72.29 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-482.23 ± 0.24	kcal/mol	Ccb	Green, 1960	Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -73.18 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-485.801	kcal/mol	Ccb	Richards and Davis, 1920	At 291 K; Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -69.613 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_liquid	46.08	cal/mol*K	N/A	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968	DH
S°_liquid	51.20	cal/mol*K	N/A	Parks and Huffman, 1926	Extrapolation below 90 K, 64.85 J/mol*K.; DH
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_{solid,1 bar}	26.94	cal/mol*K	N/A	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968	glass phase; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

C_p,liquid (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
34.56	298.	Korolev, Kukharenko, et al., 1986	DH
34.407	298.15	Tanaka, Toyama, et al., 1986	DH
34.522	298.15	Zegers and Somsen, 1984	DH
33.078	288.15	Benson and D'Arcy, 1982	DH
35.105	298.15	Villamanan, Casanova, et al., 1982	DH
33.89	293.15	Arutyunyan, Bagdasaryan, et al., 1981	T = 293 to 353 K. p = 0.1 MPa. Unsmoothed experimental datum given as 2.360 kJ/kg*K. Cp given from 293.25 to 533.15 K for pressure range 10 to 60 MPa.; DH
34.976	298.216	Kalinowska, Jedlinska, et al., 1980	T = 185 to 300 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
35.35	303.4	Griigo'ev, Yanin, et al., 1979	T = 303 to 463 K. p = 0.98 bar.; DH
34.362	298.15	Vesely, Zabransky, et al., 1979	DH
35.61	298.15	Murthy and Subrahmanyam, 1977	DH
34.364	298.15	Vesely, Svoboda, et al., 1977	DH
34.386	298.15	Fortier, Benson, et al., 1976	DH
34.4316	298.15	Fortier and Benson, 1976	DH
37.91	313.2	Paz Andrade, Paz, et al., 1970	DH
34.37	298.15	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968	T = 11 to 350 K.; DH
34.92	298.	Recko, 1968	T = 24 to 40°C, equation only.; DH
37.19	320.	Swietoslawski and Zielenkiewicz, 1960	Mean value 21 to 74°C.; DH
33.511	303.	Eucken and Eigen, 1951	T = 303 to 393 K.; DH
34.80	298.1	Zhdanov, 1941	T = 5 to 46°C.; DH
39.39	301.2	Phillip, 1939	DH
32.50	270.	Mitsukuri and Hara, 1929	T = 170 to 270 K.; DH
46.10	298.1	Parks, Kelley, et al., 1929	Extrapolation below 90 K, 43.5 J/mol*K. Revision of previous data.; DH
31.91	275.4	Parks and Huffman, 1927	T = 86 to 275 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
31.91	275.0	Parks and Huffman, 1926	T = 86 to 275 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
31.38	274.6	Gibson, Parks, et al., 1920	T = 77 to 274.6 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
34.61	298.	von Reis, 1881	T = 289 to 363 K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

C_p,solid (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
25.41	150.	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968	glass phase; T = 10 to 150 K.; DH

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Notes

Chao J., 1986
Chao J., Thermodynamic properties of key organic oxygen compounds in the carbon range C1 to C4. Part 2. Ideal gas properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1369-1436. [all data]

Buckley E., 1967
Buckley E., Chemical equilibria. Part 2. Dehydrogenation of propanol and butanol, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1967, 63, 895-901. [all data]

Counsell J.F., 1968
Counsell J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XIX. Low-temperature heat capacity and entropy of propan-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, and pentan-1-ol, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 1819-1823. [all data]

Green J.H.S., 1961
Green J.H.S., Thermodynamic properties of the normal alcohols C1-C12, J. Appl. Chem., 1961, 11, 397-404. [all data]

Chermin H.A.G., 1961
Chermin H.A.G., Thermo data for petrochemicals. Part 28. Gaseous normal alcohols. The important thermo properties are presented for all the gaseous normal alcohols from methanol through n-decanol, Petrol. Refiner, 1961, 40 (4), 127-130. [all data]

Wilhoit R.C., 1973
Wilhoit R.C., Physical and thermodynamic properties of aliphatic alcohols, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1973, 2, Suppl. 1, 1-420. [all data]

Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997
Thermodynamics Research Center, Selected Values of Properties of Chemical Compounds., Thermodynamics Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 1997. [all data]

Mathews J.F., 1961
Mathews J.F., The thermodynamic properties of the n-propyl alcohol, J. Phys. Chem., 1961, 65, 758-762. [all data]

Chao J., 1986, 2
Chao J., Ideal gas thermodynamic properties of simple alkanols, Int. J. Thermophys., 1986, 7, 431-442. [all data]

Kobe K.A., 1951
Kobe K.A., Thermochemistry for the petrochemical industry. Part XVII. Some C3 oxygenated hydrocarbons, Petrol. Refiner, 1951, 30 (8), 119-122. [all data]

Zhuravlev E.Z., 1959
Zhuravlev E.Z., Isotopic effect on thermodynamic functions of some organic deuterocompounds in the ideal gas state, Tr. Khim. i Khim. Tekhnol., 1959, 2, 475-485. [all data]

Stromsoe E., 1970
Stromsoe E., Heat capacity of alcohol vapors at atmospheric pressure, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1970, 15, 286-290. [all data]

Mosselman and Dekker, 1975
Mosselman, C.; Dekker, H., Enthalpies of formation of n-alkan-1-ols, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1975, 417-424. [all data]

Connett, 1972
Connett, J.E., Chemical equilibria. 5. Measurement of equilibrium constants for the dehydrogenation of propanol by a vapour flow technique, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1972, 4, 233-237. [all data]

Chao and Rossini, 1965
Chao, J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion, formation, and isomerization of nineteen alkanols, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1965, 10, 374-379. [all data]

Rossini, 1934
Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion and of formation of the normal aliphatic alcohols in the gaseous and liquid states, and the energies of their atomic linkages, J. Res. NBS, 1934, 13, 189-197. [all data]

Snelson and Skinner, 1961
Snelson, A.; Skinner, H.A., Heats of combustion: sec-propanol, 1,4-dioxan, 1,3-dioxan and tetrahydropyran, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1961, 57, 2125-2131. [all data]

Green, 1960
Green, J.H.S., Revision of the values of the heats of formation of normal alcohols, Chem. Ind. (London), 1960, 1215-1216. [all data]

Richards and Davis, 1920
Richards, T.W.; Davis, H.S., The heats of combustion of benzene, toluene, aliphatic alcohols, cyclohexanol, and other carbon compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1920, 42, 1599-1617. [all data]

Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968
Counsell, J.F.; Lees, E.B.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part XIX. Low temperature heat capacity and entropy of propan-1-ol, 2-methyl-propan-1-ol, and pentan-1-ol, 1968, J. [all data]

Parks and Huffman, 1926
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data on organic compounds. IV. The heat capacities, entropies and free energies of normal propyl alcohol, ethyl ether and dulcitol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 2788-2793. [all data]

Korolev, Kukharenko, et al., 1986
Korolev, V.P.; Kukharenko, V.A.; Krestov, G.A., Specific heat of binary mixtures of aliphatic alcohols with N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethylsulphoxide, Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 1986, 60, 1854-1857. [all data]

Tanaka, Toyama, et al., 1986
Tanaka, R.; Toyama, S.; Murakami, S., Heat capacities of {xCnH2n+1OH+(1-x)C7H16} for n = 1 to 6 at 298.15 K, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1986, 18, 63-73. [all data]

Zegers and Somsen, 1984
Zegers, H.C.; Somsen, G., Partial molar volumes and heat capacities in (dimethylformamide + an n-alkanol), J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1984, 16, 225-235. [all data]

Benson and D'Arcy, 1982
Benson, G.C.; D'Arcy, P.J., Excess isobaric heat capacities of water - n-alcohol mixtures, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1982, 27, 439-442. [all data]

Villamanan, Casanova, et al., 1982
Villamanan, M.A.; Casanova, C.; Roux-Desgranges, G.; Grolier, J.-P.E., Thermochemical behavior of mixtures of n-alcohol + aliphatic ether: heat capacities and volumes at 298.15 K, Thermochim. Acta, 1982, 52, 279-283. [all data]

Arutyunyan, Bagdasaryan, et al., 1981
Arutyunyan, G.S.; Bagdasaryan, S.S.; Kerimov, A.M., Experimental investigation of the isobaric heat capacity of n-propyl, n-butyl and n-amyl alcohols at different temperatures and pressures, Izv. Akad. Nauk Azerb. SSr, 1981, (6), 94-97. [all data]

Kalinowska, Jedlinska, et al., 1980
Kalinowska, B.; Jedlinska, J.; Woycicki, W.; Stecki, J., Heat capacities of liquids at temperatures between 90 and 300 K and at atmospheric pressure. I. Method and apparatus, and the heat capacities of n-heptane, n-hexane, and n-propanol, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1980, 12, 891-896. [all data]

Griigo'ev, Yanin, et al., 1979
Griigo'ev, B.A.; Yanin, G.S.; Rastorguev, Yu.L.; Thermophysical parameters of alcohols, Tr. GIAP, 54, 1979, 57-64. [all data]

Vesely, Zabransky, et al., 1979
Vesely, F.; Zabransky, M.; Svoboda, V.; Pick, J., The use of mixing calorimeter for measuring heat capacities of liquids, Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1979, 44, 3529-3532. [all data]

Murthy and Subrahmanyam, 1977
Murthy, N.M.; Subrahmanyam, S.V., Behaviour of excess heat capacity of aqueous non-electrolytes, Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1977, 15, 485-489. [all data]

Vesely, Svoboda, et al., 1977
Vesely, F.; Svoboda, V.; Pick, J., Heat capacities of some organic liquids determined with the mixing calorimeter, 1st Czech. Conf. Calorimetry (Lect. Short Commun.), 1977, C9-1-C9-4. [all data]

Fortier, Benson, et al., 1976
Fortier, J.-L.; Benson, G.C.; Picker, P., Heat capacities of some organic liquids determined with the Picker flow calorimeter, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1976, 8, 289-299. [all data]

Fortier and Benson, 1976
Fortier, J.-L.; Benson, G.C., Excess heat capacities of binary liquid mixtures determined with a Picker flow calorimeter, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1976, 8, 411-423. [all data]

Paz Andrade, Paz, et al., 1970
Paz Andrade, M.I.; Paz, J.M.; Recacho, E., Contribucion a la microcalorimetria de los calores especificos de solidos y liquidos, An. Quim., 1970, 66, 961-967. [all data]

Recko, 1968
Recko, W.M., Excess heat capacity of the binary systems formed by n-propyl alcohol with benzene, mesitylene and cyclohexane, Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci. Chim., 1968, 16, 549-552. [all data]

Swietoslawski and Zielenkiewicz, 1960
Swietoslawski, W.; Zielenkiewicz, A., Mean specific heat in homologous series of binary and ternary positive azeotropes, Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci. Chim., 1960, 8, 651-653. [all data]

Eucken and Eigen, 1951
Eucken, A.; Eigen, M., Untersuchung der Assoziationsstruktur in schwerem Wasser und n-Propanol mit Hilfe thermisch-kalorischer Eigenschaften, insbesondere Messungen der spezifischen Wäarmen, Z. Elektrochem., 1951, 55, 343-354. [all data]

Zhdanov, 1941
Zhdanov, A.K., Specific heats of some liquids and azeotropic mixtures, Zhur. Obshch. Khim., 1941, 11, 471-482. [all data]

Phillip, 1939
Phillip, N.M., Adiabatic and isothermal compressibilities of liquids, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., 1939, A9, 109-120. [all data]

Mitsukuri and Hara, 1929
Mitsukuri, S.; Hara, K., Specific heats of acetone, methyl-, ethyl-, and n-propyl-alcohols at low temperatures, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1929, 4, 77-81. [all data]

Parks, Kelley, et al., 1929
Parks, G.S.; Kelley, K.K.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data on organic compounds. V. A revision of the entropies and free energies of nineteen organic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1929, 51, 1969-1973. [all data]

Parks and Huffman, 1927
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M., Studies on glass. I. The transition between the glassy and liquid states in the case of some simple organic compounds, J. Phys. Chem., 1927, 31, 1842-1855. [all data]

Gibson, Parks, et al., 1920
Gibson, G.E.; Parks, G.S.; Latimer, W.M., Entropy changes at low temperatures. II. Ethyl and propyl alcohols and their equal molal mixture, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1920, 42, 1542-1550. [all data]

von Reis, 1881
von Reis, M.A., Die specifische Wärme flüssiger organischer Verbindungen und ihre Beziehung zu deren Moleculargewicht, Ann. Physik [3], 1881, 13, 447-464. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References

Symbols used in this document:

C_p,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
C_p,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
C_p,solid	Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
S°_gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
S°_liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
S°_{solid,1 bar}	Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar)
Δ_cH°_liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.