Mesitylene

• Formula: C₉H₁₂
• Molecular weight: 120.1916
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C9H12/c1-7-4-8(2)6-9(3)5-7/h4-6H,1-3H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 108-67-8
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Benzene, 1,3,5-trimethyl-; s-Trimethylbenzene; 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene; sym-Trimethylbenzene; Fleet-X; TMB; UN 2325; 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzene; 3,5-Dimethyltoluene; NSC 9273; Trimethylbenzene; Trimethylbenzol; 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (mesitylene); Trimethylbenzene (Related); Trimethylbenzol (Related)
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • NIST Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Structure Index
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Enthalpy of phase transition

Entropy of phase transition

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
B - John E. Bartmess
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C₃H₉Si⁺ +  = (C₃H₉Si⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉Si⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₃H₉Si⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

C₃H₉Sn⁺ +  = (C₃H₉Sn⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉Sn⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₃H₉Sn⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

C₉H₁₃⁺ +  = (C₉H₁₃⁺ • )

By formula: C₉H₁₃⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₉H₁₃⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

C₁₁H₁₀⁺ +  = (C₁₁H₁₀⁺ • )

By formula: C₁₁H₁₀⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₁₁H₁₀⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

C₆H₇N⁺ +  = (C₆H₇N⁺ • )

By formula: C₆H₇N⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₆H₇N⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

C₉H₁₂⁺ +  = (C₉H₁₂⁺ • )

By formula: C₉H₁₂⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₉H₁₂⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

 + 3 =

By formula: C₉H₁₂ + 3H₂ = C₉H₁₈

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₉H₁₂ = (Cl^- • C₉H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (H₄N⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

2 + 6 =  + 

By formula: 2C₉H₁₂ + 6H₂ = C₉H₁₈ + C₉H₁₈

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (Cr⁺ • C₉H₁₂) + C₉H₁₂ = (Cr⁺ • 2C₉H₁₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cr⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (Cr⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Ca⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (Ca⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Sr⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (Sr⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C₉H₁₂⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Proton affinity at 298K

Gas basicity at 298K

Ionization energy determinations

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

C₃H₉Si⁺ +  = (C₃H₉Si⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉Si⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₃H₉Si⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

C₃H₉Sn⁺ +  = (C₃H₉Sn⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉Sn⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₃H₉Sn⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

C₆H₇N⁺ +  = (C₆H₇N⁺ • )

By formula: C₆H₇N⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₆H₇N⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

C₉H₁₂⁺ +  = (C₉H₁₂⁺ • )

By formula: C₉H₁₂⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₉H₁₂⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

C₉H₁₃⁺ +  = (C₉H₁₃⁺ • )

By formula: C₉H₁₃⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₉H₁₃⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

C₁₁H₁₀⁺ +  = (C₁₁H₁₀⁺ • )

By formula: C₁₁H₁₀⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (C₁₁H₁₀⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Ca⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (Ca⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₉H₁₂ = (Cl^- • C₉H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cr⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (Cr⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (Cr⁺ • C₉H₁₂) + C₉H₁₂ = (Cr⁺ • 2C₉H₁₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (H₄N⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Sr⁺ + C₉H₁₂ = (Sr⁺ • C₉H₁₂)

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• LIQUID (NEAT); BECKMAN IR-7 (GRATING); DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm^-1 resolution
• VAPOR (25 MICROLITER AT 150 C); PERKIN-ELMER 180; DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 2-3 CM^-1 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

• gas

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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For Zoom

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Additional Data

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Taylor R.D., 1955
Taylor R.D., Entropy, heat capacity, and heats of transition of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, J. Chem. Phys., 1955, 23, 1232-1235. [all data]

Draeger, 1985
Draeger, J.A., The methylbenzenes II. Fundamental vibrational shifts, statistical thermodynamic functions, and properties of formation, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1985, 17, 263-275. [all data]

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Taylor and Kilpatrick, 1955
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Wilhelm, E.; Faradjzadeh, A.; Grolier, J.-P.E., Molar excess heat capacities and excess volumes of 1,2-dichloroethane + cyclooctane, + mesitylene, and + tetrachloromethane, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1979, 11, 979-984. [all data]

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Park, So Jin; Gmehling, Juergen, Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the binary systems 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene/N-formylmorpholine and m-xylene/N-formylmorpholine, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1989, 34, 4, 399-401, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00058a008 . [all data]

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Radomska, M.; Radomski, R., Phase diagrams in the binary systems of tetracyanoethylene with mesitylene, durene and pentamethylbenzene, Journal of Thermal Analysis, 1991, 37, 4, 693-704, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01913148 . [all data]

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Lin and Dunbar, 1997
Lin, C.-Y.; Dunbar, R.C., Radiative Association Kinetics and Binding Energies of Chromium Ions with Benzene and Benzene Derivatives, Organometallics, 1997, 16, 12, 2691, https://doi.org/10.1021/om960949n . [all data]

Gapeev and Dunbar, 2000
Gapeev, A.; Dunbar, R.C., Binding of Alkaline Earth Halide Ions MX+ to Benzene and Mesitylene, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 2000, 13, 5, 477, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1044-0305(02)00373-2 . [all data]

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Gilbert, Leach, et al., 1973
Gilbert, J.R.; Leach, W.P.; Miller, J.R., Ionisation appearance potential measurements in arene chromium tricarbonyls, J. Organomet. Chem., 1973, 49, 219. [all data]

Huttner and Fischer, 1967
Huttner, G.; Fischer, E.O., Uber Aromatenkomplexe von Metallen. XCVIII. Spectroskopische Untersuchungen an Charge-Transfer-Komplexen von Aromaten-Chrom Tricarbonylen mit 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzol, J. Organometal. Chem., 1967, 8, 299. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
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Kinoshita, 1962
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Price, Bralsford, et al., 1959
Price, W.C.; Bralsford, R.; Harris, P.V.; Ridley, R.G., Ultra-violet spectra and ionization potentials of hydrocarbon molecules, Spectrochim. Acta, 1959, 14, 45. [all data]

Vilesov and Terenin, 1957
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Howell, Goncalves, et al., 1984
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Cetinkaya, Lappert, et al., 1983
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Gower, Kane-Maguire, et al., 1977
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Klessinger, 1972
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Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Cp,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  Pc	Critical pressure
  S°gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  T	Temperature
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  d(ln(kH))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
  k°H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
  ΔHtrs	Enthalpy of phase transition
  ΔStrs	Entropy of phase transition
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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