Ethyl Chloride

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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C2H5Cl+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)10.98 ± 0.02eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)165.7kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity159.4kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Proton affinity at 298K

Proton affinity (kcal/mol) Reference Comment
162.4 ± 0.33Bouchoux, Caunan, et al., 2001T = 300K; MM

Gas basicity at 298K

Gas basicity (review) (kcal/mol) Reference Comment
156.7 ± 0.33Bouchoux, Caunan, et al., 2001T = 300K; MM

Protonation entropy at 298K

Protonation entropy (cal/mol*K) Reference Comment
6.81Bouchoux, Caunan, et al., 2001T = 300K; MM

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
10.95ESTLuo and Pacey, 1992LL
11.04 ± 0.05EIHolmes and Lossing, 1991LL
11.0PEOhno, Imai, et al., 1983LBLHLM
10.98 ± 0.02PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH
10.98 ± 0.01PIMatsunaga, 1961RDSH
10.97 ± 0.02PIWatanabe, 1957RDSH
11.06PEOhno, Imai, et al., 1985Vertical value; LBLHLM
11.01PEUtsunomiya, Kobayashi, et al., 1980Vertical value; LLK
11.01PEHoppilliard and Solgadi, 1980Vertical value; LLK
11.06 ± 0.02PEKatsumata and Kimura, 1975Vertical value; LLK
11.01PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1973Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
CH2Cl+13.2 ± 0.2CH3EIHarrison and Shannon, 1962RDSH
CH2Cl+13.6 ± 0.2CH3EIIrsa, 1957RDSH
CH3+15.9 ± 0.3?EIIrsa, 1957RDSH
C2H4+11.38 ± 0.02HClEIMaccoll and Mathur, 1980LLK
C2H4+11.33HClEIBaldwin, Maccoll, et al., 1966RDSH
C2H5+11.67ClPITraeger and McLoughlin, 1981LLK
C2H5+11.83 ± 0.06ClEIBaldwin, Maccoll, et al., 1966RDSH
Cl+23.4 ± 0.3?EIIrsa, 1957RDSH

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Bouchoux, Caunan, et al., 2001
Bouchoux, G.; Caunan, F.; Leblanc, D.; Nguyen, M.T.; Salpin, J.Y., Protonation thermochemistry of ethyl halides, Chem Phys. Phys. Chem., 2001, 10, 604-610. [all data]

Luo and Pacey, 1992
Luo, Y.-R.; Pacey, P.D., Effects of alkyl substitution on ionization energies of alkanes and haloalkanes and on heats of formation of their molecular cations. Part 2. Alkanes and chloro-, bromo- and iodoalkanes, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1992, 112, 63. [all data]

Holmes and Lossing, 1991
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P., Ionization energies of homologous organic compounds and correlation with molecular size, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1991, 26, 537. [all data]

Ohno, Imai, et al., 1983
Ohno, K.; Imai, K.; Matsumoto, S.; Harada, Y., Penning ionization electron spectroscopy of C2H5X (X = NH2, OH, H, Cl, I) relative reactivity of orbital localizing on functional groups upon electrophilic attack by metastable helium atoms, J. Phys. Chem., 1983, 87, 4346. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Matsunaga, 1961
Matsunaga, F.M., Photoionization yield of several molecules in the Schumann region, Contribution No. 27, Hawaii Institute of, 1961, Geophysics, Honolulu. [all data]

Watanabe, 1957
Watanabe, K., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 542. [all data]

Ohno, Imai, et al., 1985
Ohno, K.; Imai, K.; Harada, Y., Variations in reactivity of lone-pair electrons due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding as observed by penning ionization electron spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 8078. [all data]

Utsunomiya, Kobayashi, et al., 1980
Utsunomiya, C.; Kobayashi, T.; Nagakura, S., Photoelectron angular distribution measurements for some aliphatic alcohols, amines, halides, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1980, 53, 1216. [all data]

Hoppilliard and Solgadi, 1980
Hoppilliard, Y.; Solgadi, D., Conformational analysis of 2-haloethanols and 2-methoxyethylhalides in a photoelectron spectrometer, Tetrahedron, 1980, 36, 377. [all data]

Katsumata and Kimura, 1975
Katsumata, S.; Kimura, K., Photoelectron spectra and sum rule consideration. Effect of chlorine substitution on ionization energies for chloroethanes, chloroacetaldehydes and chloroacetyl chlorides, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1975, 6, 309. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1973
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Matsumoto, H.; Nagakura, S., Photoelectron spectra and orbital structures of higher alkyl chlorides, bromides, and iodides., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1973, 46, 373. [all data]

Harrison and Shannon, 1962
Harrison, A.G.; Shannon, T.W., An electron impact study of chloromethyl and dichloromethyl derivatives, Can. J. Chem., 1962, 40, 1730. [all data]

Irsa, 1957
Irsa, A.P., Electron impact studies on C2H5Cl, C2H5Br, and C2H5I, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 18. [all data]

Maccoll and Mathur, 1980
Maccoll, A.; Mathur, D., Hydrogen chloride elimination from the molecular ions of alkyl chlorides, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1980, 15, 483. [all data]

Baldwin, Maccoll, et al., 1966
Baldwin, M.; Maccoll, A.; Miller, S.I., Ionization and appearance potentials from a study of alkyl chlorides, Advan. Mass Spectrom., 1966, 3, 259. [all data]

Traeger and McLoughlin, 1981
Traeger, J.C.; McLoughlin, R.G., Absolute heats of formation for gas phase cations, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 3647. [all data]


Notes

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