Hydrogen cyanide

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas135.14kJ/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in December, 1969
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas,1 bar201.82J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in December, 1969

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Temperature (K) 298. to 1200.1200. to 6000.
A 32.6937352.36527
B 22.592055.563298
C -4.369142-0.953224
D -0.4076970.056711
E -0.282399-7.564086
F 123.4811103.8523
G 233.2597244.8448
H 135.1432135.1432
ReferenceChase, 1998Chase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in December, 1969 Data last reviewed in December, 1969

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid113.01J/mol*KN/AGiauque and Ruehrwein, 1939 

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
71.00300.Giauque and Ruehrwein, 1939T = 15 to 300 K.

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil299.0 ± 0.5KAVGN/AAverage of 15 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus260. ± 1.KAVGN/AAverage of 13 out of 14 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple259.86KN/AGiauque and Ruehrwein, 1939, 2Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
25.217298.85N/AGiauque and Ruehrwein, 1939P = 101.325 kPa.; DH
28.1274.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 259. to 299. K.; AC
27.8313.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 298. to 457. K.; AC
28.1272.N/AIwasaki and Date, 1975Based on data from 257. to 315. K.; AC
28.0277.N/ALewis and Schutz, 1934Based on data from 259. to 294. K.; AC
27.8282.N/APerry and Porter, 1926Based on data from 265. to 300. K.; AC
28.1272.N/ASinozaki, Hara, et al., 1926Based on data from 257. to 319. K.; AC
27.2303.MMSinozaki, Hara, et al., 1926Based on data from 256. to 319. K.; AC

Entropy of vaporization

ΔvapS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
84.38298.85Giauque and Ruehrwein, 1939P; DH

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
256.73 to 319.384.674171340.791-11.592Sinozaki, Hara, et al., 1926Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
35.6248.N/AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 236. to 259. K.; AC
37.6228.AStull, 1947Based on data from 202. to 254. K.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
8.406259.90Giauque and Ruehrwein, 1939DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
32.34259.90Giauque and Ruehrwein, 1939DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

CN- + Hydrogen cyanide = (CN- • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: CN- + CHN = (CN- • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr91. ± 15.kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1987gas phase; B,M
Δr83.7 ± 8.4kJ/molEstLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B
Δr86.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr86.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M,B,B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr86.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr86.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr86.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Δr113.J/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1987gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(H2O), Entropy change calculated or estimated; Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr60.7 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; B
Δr57.3 ± 9.6kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1987gas phase; B,M
Δr60.7 ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

Fluorine anion + Hydrogen cyanide = (Fluorine anion • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: F- + CHN = (F- • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr165. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1983gas phase; These relative affinities are ca. 10 kcal/mol weaker than threshold values (see Wenthold and Squires, 1995) for donors greater than ca. 27 kcal/mol in free energy. This discrepancy has not yet been resolved, though the stronger value appears preferable.; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr92.9J/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1983gas phase; switching reaction(F-)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr138. ± 8.4kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1983gas phase; These relative affinities are ca. 10 kcal/mol weaker than threshold values (see Wenthold and Squires, 1995) for donors greater than ca. 27 kcal/mol in free energy. This discrepancy has not yet been resolved, though the stronger value appears preferable.; B,M

Lithium ion (1+) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Lithium ion (1+) • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: Li+ + CHN = (Li+ • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr152.kJ/molICRWoodin and Beauchamp, 1978gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M
Δr150.kJ/molICRStaley and Beauchamp, 1975gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, from graph; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 extrapolated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr100.J/mol*KN/AWoodin and Beauchamp, 1978gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr120.kJ/molICRWoodin and Beauchamp, 1978gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: Cl- + CHN = (Cl- • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr91.2 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; B,B,M
Δr87.9 ± 8.4kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.1J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr99.2J/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 3gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr67.8 ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B
Δr67.4 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; B
Δr58.2 ± 8.4kJ/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

CN- + Hydrogen cation = Hydrogen cyanide

By formula: CN- + H+ = CHN

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1464. ± 4.2kJ/molCIDTAkin and Ervin, 2006gas phase; B
Δr1466.5 ± 0.71kJ/molD-EABradforth, Kim, et al., 1993gas phase; B
Δr1469. ± 8.8kJ/molG+TSBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1433. ± 4.6kJ/molH-TSAkin and Ervin, 2006gas phase; B
Δr1435.8 ± 1.1kJ/molH-TSBradforth, Kim, et al., 1993gas phase; B
Δr1438. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

HCO2 anion + Hydrogen cyanide = (HCO2 anion • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: CHO2- + CHN = (CHO2- • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr92.0kJ/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M,B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr92.J/mol*KN/AMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δr89.5J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr65.3 ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy of 22.0 eu assumed.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
49.4473.PHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(HCO2 anion • Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (HCO2 anion • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CHO2- • CHN) + CHN = (CHO2- • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr74.5kJ/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M,B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr92.J/mol*KN/AMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Δr98.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr44.77kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
40.350.PHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(NH4+ • 3Hydrogen cyanide • Ammonia) + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • 4Hydrogen cyanide • Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3CHN • H3N) + CHN = (H4N+ • 4CHN • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr36.kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, T = 392 in paper is error; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, T = 392 in paper is error; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
11.292.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, T = 392 in paper is error; M

(Chlorine anion • 8Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • 9Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Cl- • 8CHN) + CHN = (Cl- • 9CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr31. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr100.J/mol*KN/AMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr0.42kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
13.171.PHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(MeCO2 anion • 4Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (MeCO2 anion • 5Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (C2H3O2- • 4CHN) + CHN = (C2H3O2- • 5CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr41. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr100.J/mol*KN/AMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr10.0kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
19.213.PHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CN- • 6Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (CN- • 7Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • 6CHN) + CHN = (CN- • 7CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr32. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KN/AMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr6.69kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
13.238.PHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CN- • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (CN- • 3Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • 2CHN) + CHN = (CN- • 3CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr52.7kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr52.7kJ/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M,B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr88.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr88.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr88.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr26.4kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(CN- • 3Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (CN- • 4Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • 3CHN) + CHN = (CN- • 4CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr45.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr45.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M,B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr104.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr104.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr104.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14.6kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(CN- • Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (CN- • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • CHN) + CHN = (CN- • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr68.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr68.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M,B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr91.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr91.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Δr91.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr41.4kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

CH2N+ + Hydrogen cyanide = (CH2N+ • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: CH2N+ + CHN = (CH2N+ • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr109.kJ/molPHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; ΔrH, ΔrS too small compared with other nitrile dimers; M
Δr126.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr96.2J/mol*KPHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; ΔrH, ΔrS too small compared with other nitrile dimers; M
Δr130.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1978gas phase; M

(CN- • Water • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Water = (CN- • 2Water • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • H2O • 2CHN) + H2O = (CN- • 2H2O • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr37. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr12. ± 5.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
15.262.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M

(CN- • 3Hydrogen cyanide) + Water = (CN- • Water • 3Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • 3CHN) + H2O = (CN- • H2O • 3CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr39. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14. ± 5.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
18.262.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M

(CH2N+ • Hydrogen cyanide • Water) + Hydrogen cyanide = (CH2N+ • 2Hydrogen cyanide • Water)

By formula: (CH2N+ • CHN • H2O) + CHN = (CH2N+ • 2CHN • H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr65.3kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr100.J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr35.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(NH4+ • Ammonia • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N • 2CHN) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr54.0kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
28.315.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide • 2Ammonia) + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • 2Hydrogen cyanide • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • CHN • 2H3N) + CHN = (H4N+ • 2CHN • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr46.9kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
21.315.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CN- • 4Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (CN- • 5Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • 4CHN) + CHN = (CN- • 5CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr41. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Δr41.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.5J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Δr84.5J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (H4N+ • CHN) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr78.7kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr92.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
39.429.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Bromine anion + Hydrogen cyanide = (Bromine anion • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: Br- + CHN = (Br- • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr81.2 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Δr66.9 ± 8.4kJ/molEstLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; Extrapolated from other halide data; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr82.8J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr56.5 ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

C4H9O2+ + Hydrogen cyanide = (C4H9O2+ • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: C4H9O2+ + CHN = (C4H9O2+ • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr79.5kJ/molPHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr96.J/mol*KN/ASpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
33.455.PHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C3H7+ + Hydrogen cyanide = (C3H7+ • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: C3H7+ + CHN = (C3H7+ • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr166.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991gas phase; condensation; M
Δr129.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1978gas phase; forms i-C3H7NCH+; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr189.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991gas phase; condensation; M
Δr130.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1978gas phase; forms i-C3H7NCH+; M

HS- + Hydrogen cyanide = (HS- • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: HS- + CHN = (HS- • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr87.9 ± 4.2kJ/molIMREMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; See also H2S..CN-; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr62.8 ± 4.2kJ/molIMREMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; See also H2S..CN-; B

NH4+ + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: H4N+ + CHN = (H4N+ • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr91.6kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; M
Δr85.8kJ/molPHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr97.9J/mol*KPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; M
Δr84.5J/mol*KPHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; M

(CN- • Water • Hydrogen cyanide) + Water = (CN- • 2Water • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • H2O • CHN) + H2O = (CN- • 2H2O • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr40. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr73.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr18. ± 5.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; B

(CN- • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Water = (CN- • Water • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • 2CHN) + H2O = (CN- • H2O • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr32. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr52.3J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr17. ± 5.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; B

(CN- • Hydrogen cyanide) + Water = (CN- • Water • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (CN- • CHN) + H2O = (CN- • H2O • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr51.9 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr82.4J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr27. ± 5.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-Ner (Mautner) M. and Speller, 1989gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 7Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • 8Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Cl- • 7CHN) + CHN = (Cl- • 8CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr34. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr115.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr0.1 ± 9.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(CN- • Hydrogen cyanide • 2Water) + Hydrogen cyanide = (CN- • 2Hydrogen cyanide • 2Water)

By formula: (CN- • CHN • 2H2O) + CHN = (CN- • 2CHN • 2H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr52.7kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
31.262.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M

(CN- • 2Hydrogen cyanide • Water) + Hydrogen cyanide = (CN- • 3Hydrogen cyanide • Water)

By formula: (CN- • 2CHN • H2O) + CHN = (CN- • 3CHN • H2O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr51.5kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
30.262.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989gas phase; n; M

(Chlorine anion • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • 3Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Cl- • 2CHN) + CHN = (Cl- • 3CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr56.9 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr89.5J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.1kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 3Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • 4Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Cl- • 3CHN) + CHN = (Cl- • 4CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr46.9 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr97.9J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr17.6kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Cl- • CHN) + CHN = (Cl- • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr74.9 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr95.0J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr46.44kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Iodide • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Iodide • 3Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (I- • 2CHN) + CHN = (I- • 3CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr46.9 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr87.9J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr20.5kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Bromine anion • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Bromine anion • 3Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Br- • 2CHN) + CHN = (Br- • 3CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr53.6 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr91.6J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr26.4kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Bromine anion • 3Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Bromine anion • 4Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Br- • 3CHN) + CHN = (Br- • 4CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr43.5 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr92.5J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 4Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • 5Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Cl- • 4CHN) + CHN = (Cl- • 5CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr37. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr89.1J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr10.5kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 5Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • 6Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Cl- • 5CHN) + CHN = (Cl- • 6CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr36. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr102.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr6.28kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 6Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • 7Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Cl- • 6CHN) + CHN = (Cl- • 7CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr33. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr96.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr4.18kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Iodide • 3Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Iodide • 4Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (I- • 3CHN) + CHN = (I- • 4CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr38. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr84.9J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr13.4kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Iodide • 4Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Iodide • 5Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (I- • 4CHN) + CHN = (I- • 5CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr36. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr95.8J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.53kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Iodide • 5Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Iodide • 6Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (I- • 5CHN) + CHN = (I- • 6CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr31. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr83.3J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr6.28kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Iodide • 6Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Iodide • 7Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (I- • 6CHN) + CHN = (I- • 7CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr31. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr83.3J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr6.28kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Iodide • 7Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Iodide • 8Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (I- • 7CHN) + CHN = (I- • 8CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr28. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr88.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr2.1kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Iodide • Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Iodide • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (I- • CHN) + CHN = (I- • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr55.2 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr83.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.1kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Bromine anion • 4Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Bromine anion • 5Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Br- • 4CHN) + CHN = (Br- • 5CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr34. ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr77.4J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr10.9kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

(Bromine anion • Hydrogen cyanide) + Hydrogen cyanide = (Bromine anion • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (Br- • CHN) + CHN = (Br- • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr68.2 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr95.0J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr39.7kJ/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B

Henry's Law data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
7.5 XN/AValue given here as quoted by missing citation.
12.5000.LN/A 
9.3 RN/A 

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Takehiko Shimanouchi

Symmetry:   C∞ν     Symmetry Number σ = 1


 Sym.   No   Approximate   Selected Freq.  Infrared   Raman   Comments 
 Species   type of mode   Value   Rating   Value  Phase  Value  Phase

σ+ 1 CH str 3311  A 3311.47 S gas 3313 W liq.
π 2 Bend 712  A 711.98 VS gas 712 W liq.
σ+ 3 CN str 2097  A 2096.85 W gas 2089 S liq.

Source: Shimanouchi, 1972

Notes

VSVery strong
SStrong
WWeak
A0~1 cm-1 uncertainty

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB20.319.9Do and Raulin, 199225. m/0.15 mm/2. μm, H2
CapillaryPoraPLOT Q160.300.Do and Raulin, 198910. m/0.32 mm/10. μm, H2

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane320.Staples, 2006Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Giauque and Ruehrwein, 1939
Giauque, W.F.; Ruehrwein, R.A., The entropy of hydrogen cyanide. Heat capacity, heat of vaporization and vapor pressure. Hydrogen bond polymerization of the gas in chains of indefinite length, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1939, 61, 2626-2633. [all data]

Giauque and Ruehrwein, 1939, 2
Giauque, W.F.; Ruehrwein, R.A., The Entropy of Hydrogen Cyanide. Heat Capacity, Heat of Vaporization and Vapor Pressure. Hydrogen Bond Polymerization of the Gas in Chains of Indefinite Length., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1939, 61, 2626. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Iwasaki and Date, 1975
Iwasaki, H.; Date, K., Koatsu Gasu, 1975, 12, 374. [all data]

Lewis and Schutz, 1934
Lewis, Gilbert N.; Schutz, Philip W., THE VAPOR PRESSURE OF LIQUID AND SOLID DEUTOCYANIC ACID, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1934, 56, 4, 1002-1002, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01319a514 . [all data]

Perry and Porter, 1926
Perry, J.H.; Porter, Frank, THE VAPOR PRESSURES OF SOLID AND LIQUID HYDROGEN CYANIDE 1, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 2, [299]-302, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01413a001 . [all data]

Sinozaki, Hara, et al., 1926
Sinozaki, Heima; Hara, Ryozaburo; Mitsukuri, Shinroku, THE VAPOUR PRESSURES OF HYDROGEN CYANIDE, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1926, 1, 4, 59-61, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.1.59 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1987
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. The energetics of interaction between cyanide ion and bronsted acids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987, 109, 6230. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase bihalide and pseudohalide ions. An ICR determination of hydrogen bond energies in XHY- species (X,Y = F, Cl, Br, CN), Inorg. Chem., 1984, 23, 2029. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1989
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Speller, C.V., Multicomponent Cluster Ions.3. Comparative Stabilities of Cationic and Anionic Hydrogen Bonded Networks. Mixed Clusters of Water and Hydrogen Cyanide, J. Phys. Chem., 1989, 93, 6580. [all data]

Meot-ner, 1988
Meot-ner, M., Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 6. Interaction Energies of the Acetate Ion with Organic Molecules. Comparison of CH3COO- with Cl-, CN-, and SH-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 12, 3854, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a022 . [all data]

Meot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988
Meot-ner, M.; Cybulski, S.M.; Scheiner, S.; Liebman, J.F., Is CN- Significantly Anisotropic? Comparison of CN- vs. Cl-: Clustering with HCN and Condensed Phase Thermochemistry, J. Phys. Chem., 1988, 92, 10, 2738, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100321a009 . [all data]

Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971
Payzant, J.D.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of CN-, NO2-, NO3-, and HO- in the gas phase, Can. J. Chem., 1971, 49, 3308. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1983
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Strong hydrogen bonding in gas-phase anions. An ion cyclotron resonance determination of fluoride binding energetics to bronsted acids from gas-phase fluoride exchange equilibria measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 2944. [all data]

Wenthold and Squires, 1995
Wenthold, P.G.; Squires, R.R., Bond dissociation energies of F2(-) and HF2(-). A gas-phase experimental and G2 theoretical study, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 7, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100007a034 . [all data]

Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970
Arshadi, M.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of Halide Negative Ions in the Gas Phase. II. Comparison of Hydration Energies for the Alkali Positive and Halide Negative Ions, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1475, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a014 . [all data]

Woodin and Beauchamp, 1978
Woodin, R.L.; Beauchamp, J.L., Bonding of Li+ to Lewis Bases in the Gas Phase. Reversals in Methyl Substituent Effects for Different Reference Acids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 2, 501, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00470a024 . [all data]

Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970
Dzidic, I.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of the Alkali Ions in the Gas Phase. Enthalpies and Entropies of Reactions M+(H2O)n-1 + H2O = M+(H2O)n, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1466, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a013 . [all data]

Staley and Beauchamp, 1975
Staley, R.H.; Beauchamp, J.L., Intrinsic Acid - Base Properties of Molecules. Binding Energies of Li+ to pi - and n - Donor Bases, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1975, 97, 20, 5920, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00853a050 . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. An experimental investigation of the interaction between chloride ion and bronsted acids from ICR chloride exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 517. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984, 3
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase negative ion chemistry of alkylchloroformates, Can. J. Chem., 1984, 62, 675. [all data]

French, Ikuta, et al., 1982
French, M.A.; Ikuta, S.; Kebarle, P., Hydrogen bonding of O-H and C-H hydrogen donors to Cl-. Results from mass spectrometric measurement of the ion-molecule equilibria RH + Cl- = RHCl-, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 1907. [all data]

Akin and Ervin, 2006
Akin, F.A.; Ervin, K.M., Collision-induced dissociation of HS-(HCN): Unsymmetrical hydrogen bonding in a proton-bound dimer anion, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2006, 110, 4, 1342-1349, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0540454 . [all data]

Bradforth, Kim, et al., 1993
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Notes

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