2-Butene, 2,3-dimethyl-

• Formula: C₆H₁₂
• Molecular weight: 84.1595
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H12/c1-5(2)6(3)4/h1-4H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WGLLSSPDPJPLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 563-79-1
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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• Other names: Tetramethylethylene; 1,1,2,2-Tetramethylethylene; 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene; 2,3-Dimethylbut-2-ene; 2,3-Dimethylbutene-2; (CH3)2C=C(CH3)2; Tetramethylethene
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH = A exp(-βT_r) (1 − T_r)^β
    Δ_vapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
    T_r = reduced temperature (T / T_c)

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Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Enthalpy of phase transition

Entropy of phase transition

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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Additional Data

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Wiberg and Hao, 1991
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Rodgers and Wu, 1971
Rodgers, A.S.; Wu, M.-C.R., Thermochemistry of the gas-phase iodine catalyzed isomerization: 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene = 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1971, 3, 591-597. [all data]

Scott D.W., 1955
Scott D.W., 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene: thermodynamic properties in the solid, liquid and vapor states, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 4993-4998. [all data]

Scott, Finke, et al., 1955
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Gross, M.E.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Waddington, G., 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene: Thermodynamic properties in the solid, liquid and vapor states, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 4993-4998. [all data]

Parks, Todd, et al., 1936
Parks, G.S.; Todd, S.S.; Shomate, C.H., Thermal data on organic compounds. XVII. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for five higher olefins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 2505-2508. [all data]

Scott, Finke, et al., 1955, 2
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Gross, M.E.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Waddington, G., 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene: thermodynamic properties in the solid, liquid, and vapor states., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 4993. [all data]

Waddington, 1951
Waddington, G., Personal Commun., U. S. Bur. Mines, Bartlesville, OK, 1951. [all data]

Parks, Todd, et al., 1936, 2
Parks, G.S.; Todd, S.S.; Shomate, C.H., Thermal data on organic compounds. XVII. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for five higher olefins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 2505. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

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Camin, D.L.; Rossini, F.D., Physical properties of the 17 isomeric hexenes of the API research series, J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 1446. [all data]

Camin and Rossini, 1956, 2
Camin, David L.; Rossini, Frederick D., Physical Properties of the 17 Isomeric Hexenes.of the API Research Series, J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 10, 1446-1451, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150544a029 . [all data]

Uusi-Kyyny, Pokki, et al., 2004
Uusi-Kyyny, Petri; Pokki, Juha-Pekka; Kim, Younghun; Aittamaa, Juhani, Isobaric Vapor Liquid Equilibrium for 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene + Methanol, + Ethanol, + 2-Propanol, or + 2-Butanol at Atmospheric Pressure, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2004, 49, 2, 251-255, https://doi.org/10.1021/je034106w . [all data]

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Bevan, Malkin, et al., 1955
Bevan, T.H.; Malkin, T.; Smith, D.B.; Davey, W.; Gwilt, J.R.; Cooper, W.; Kertes, S.; Roberts, J.J.; Ross, W.C.J.; Wilson, Walter; Cummings, G.A.McD.; McLaughlin, E., Notes, J. Chem. Soc., 1955, 1383, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9550001383 . [all data]

Fried, Baghdoyan, et al., 1971
Fried, Vojtech.; Baghdoyan, Armen.; Malik, Jana., Vapor pressures and densities of 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene and 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1971, 16, 1, 96-97, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60048a009 . [all data]

Baghdoyan, Malik, et al., 1971
Baghdoyan, A.; Malik, J.; Fried, V., Vapor Pressures and Densities of 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene and 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butene, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1971, 16, 1, 96-97, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60048a009 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Johnson, 1966
Johnson, E.A., UV atlas of organic compounds, 1966, 1, A1/3. [all data]

Soják, Addová, et al., 2002
Soják, L.; Addová, G.; Kubinec, R.; Kraus, A.; Hu, G., Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric characterization of all acyclic C₅-C₇ alkenes from fluid catalytic cracked gasoline using polydimethylsiloxane and squalane stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 947, 1, 103-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01564-3 . [all data]

Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994
Hilal, S.H.; Carreira, L.A.; Karickhoff, S.W.; Melton, C.M., Estimation of Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Retention Times from Molecular Structure, J. Chromatogr. A, 1994, 662, 2, 269-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)80515-6 . [all data]

Laub and Purnell, 1988
Laub, R.J.; Purnell, J.H., Specific retention volumes, retention indices, and family-plot regressions of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solutes with OV-101 poly (dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1988, 11, 9, 649-660, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110908 . [all data]

Boneva and Dimov, 1986
Boneva, S.; Dimov, N., Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices for Alkenes on OV-101 and Squalane Capillary Columns, Chromatographia, 1986, 21, 3, 149-151, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02311743 . [all data]

Rudenko, Mal'tsev, et al., 1985
Rudenko, G.I.; Mal'tsev, V.V.; Studenichnik, V.N.; Ustinov, E.P., Gas chromatographic analysis of volatile substances evolved into atmosphere from polymer materials, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1985, 40, 6, 1119-1127. [all data]

Lubeck and Sutton, 1984
Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, D.L., Kovats Retention Indices of Selected Olefins on Bonded Phase Fused Silica Capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1984, 7, 9, 542-544, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240070913 . [all data]

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Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J.-E., New Perspectives in the Prediction of Kovats Indices, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 171-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84071-1 . [all data]

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Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Cp,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔHtrs	Enthalpy of phase transition
  ΔStrs	Entropy of phase transition
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

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