Silane, tetramethyl-

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil299.7KN/APCR Inc., 1990BS
Tboil299.KN/ASommer, Goldberg, et al., 1946Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; ~; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple172. ± 5.KAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc448.640KN/AMcGlashan and McKinnon, 1977Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc28.21barN/AMcGlashan and McKinnon, 1977Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 bar; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.362l/molN/AMcGlashan and McKinnon, 1977Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.008 l/mol; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap26.0 ± 0.6kJ/molCVoronkov, Baryshok, et al., 1988AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
24.204299.80N/AAston, Kennedy, et al., 1941P = 101.325 kPa; DH
24.2 ± 0.1299.CBergmann and Haskelberg, 1941AC

Entropy of vaporization

ΔvapS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
80.73299.80Aston, Kennedy, et al., 1941P; DH

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
208.93 to 293.643.977031047.272-36.057Aston, Kennedy, et al., 1941Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
6.74174.Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
0.703165.920crystaline, αliquidHarada, Atake, et al., 1977DH
5.878171.016crystaline, βliquidHarada, Atake, et al., 1977DH
5.840970.983crystaline, IIliquidShinoda, Enokida, et al., 1973Metastable form.; DH
6.7413174.049crystaline, IliquidShinoda, Enokida, et al., 1973Stable form.; DH
5.9697171.04crystaline, IliquidAston, Kennedy, et al., 1941DH
6.895174.12crystaline, IIliquidAston, Kennedy, et al., 1941DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔStrs (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Initial Phase Final Phase Reference Comment
4.24165.920crystaline, αliquidHarada, Atake, et al., 1977DH
34.37171.016crystaline, βliquidHarada, Atake, et al., 1977DH
34.1670.983crystaline, IIliquidShinoda, Enokida, et al., 1973Metastable; DH
38.73174.049crystaline, IliquidShinoda, Enokida, et al., 1973Stable; DH
34.90171.04crystaline, IliquidAston, Kennedy, et al., 1941DH
39.60174.12crystaline, IIliquidAston, Kennedy, et al., 1941DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.80 ± 0.04eVN/AN/AL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.80 ± 0.03PIMurphy and Beauchamp, 1977LLK
9.6PEPotzinger, Ritter, et al., 1975LLK
9.99 ± 0.03EIMacLean and Sacher, 1974LLK
9.79 ± 0.04PEJonas, Schweitzer, et al., 1973LLK
9.4 ± 0.1PEEvans, Green, et al., 1972LLK
9.85 ± 0.16EILappert, Pedley, et al., 1971LLK
9.74 ± 0.05EIPotzinger and Lampe, 1970RDSH
9.86 ± 0.02PIDistefano, 1970RDSH
9.85 ± 0.16EILappert, Simpson, et al., 1969RDSH
9.9 ± 0.1EIBand, Davidson, et al., 1968RDSH
9.98 ± 0.03EIHess, Lampe, et al., 1965RDSH
10.29PEKhvostenko, Zykov, et al., 1981Vertical value; LLK
10.4PERoberge, Sandorfy, et al., 1978Vertical value; LLK
10.57PEStarzewski, Richter, et al., 1976Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
CH3Si+17.3?EIdeRidder and Dijkstra, 1967RDSH
CH3Si+17.1 ± 0.4?EIHobrock and Kiser, 1961RDSH
CH4Si+16.3?EIdeRidder and Dijkstra, 1967RDSH
CH5Si+13.81 ± 0.02C2H4+CH3PIDistefano, 1970RDSH
CH5Si+14.4C2H4+CH3EIdeRidder and Dijkstra, 1967RDSH
C2H6Si+13.4?EIdeRidder and Dijkstra, 1967RDSH
C2H6Si+13.9 ± 0.3?EIHobrock and Kiser, 1961RDSH
C2H7Si+13.3?EIdeRidder and Dijkstra, 1967RDSH
C3H9Si+10.09 ± 0.01CH3PIPECOSzepes and Baer, 1984T = 298K; LBLHLM
C3H9Si+10.28 ± 0.01CH3PIPECOSzepes and Baer, 1984T = 0K; LBLHLM
C3H9Si+10.28 ± 0.01CH3PIPECOSzepes and Baer, 1984, 2T = 0K; LBLHLM
C3H9Si+10.03 ± 0.04CH3PIMurphy and Beauchamp, 1977LLK
C3H9Si+10.3 ± 0.1CH3EIPotzinger, Ritter, et al., 1975LLK
C3H9Si+10.63 ± 0.05CH3EIMacLean and Sacher, 1974LLK
C3H9Si+10.53 ± 0.20CH3EILappert, Pedley, et al., 1971LLK
C3H9Si+10.25 ± 0.05CH3EIPotzinger and Lampe, 1970RDSH
C3H9Si+10.09 ± 0.02CH3PIDistefano, 1970RDSH
C3H9Si+10.53 ± 0.20CH3EILappert, Simpson, et al., 1969RDSH
C3H9Si+10.4 ± 0.1CH3EIBand, Davidson, et al., Commun. 1967RDSH
C3H9Si+10.5 ± 0.1CH3EIConnor, Finney, et al., 1966RDSH
C3H9Si+10.63 ± 0.13CH3EIHess, Lampe, et al., 1964RDSH
SiH+18.2?EIdeRidder and Dijkstra, 1967RDSH
SiH3+16.5?EIdeRidder and Dijkstra, 1967RDSH
Si+17.9?EIdeRidder and Dijkstra, 1967RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C4H11Si- + Hydrogen cation = Silane, tetramethyl-

By formula: C4H11Si- + H+ = C4H12Si

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1624. ± 13.kJ/molG+TSDamrauer, Kass, et al., 1988gas phase; Comparable to fluorobenzene; B
Δr1636. ± 8.4kJ/molD-EAWetzel and Brauman, 1988gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1586. ± 13.kJ/molIMRBDamrauer, Kass, et al., 1988gas phase; Comparable to fluorobenzene; B
Δr1597. ± 8.8kJ/molH-TSWetzel and Brauman, 1988gas phase; B
Δr1635. ± 21.kJ/molIMRBDePuy and Damrauer, 1984gas phase; B

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

PCR Inc., 1990
PCR Inc., Research Chemicals Catalog 1990-1991, PCR Inc., Gainesville, FL, 1990, 1. [all data]

Sommer, Goldberg, et al., 1946
Sommer, L.H.; Goldberg, G.M.; Derfman, E.; Whitmore, F.C., Organisilicaon Compounds V. β-Elimination Involving Silicon, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 1083. [all data]

McGlashan and McKinnon, 1977
McGlashan, M.L.; McKinnon, I.R., The vapor pressure, orthobaric volumes, and critical constants of tetramethylsilane, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1977, 9, 1205-12. [all data]

Voronkov, Baryshok, et al., 1988
Voronkov, M.G.; Baryshok, V.P.; Klyuchnikov, V.A.; Danilova, T.F.; Pepekin, V.I.; Korchagina, A.N.; Khudobin, Yu.I., Thermochemistry of organosilicon compounds, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 1988, 345, 1-2, 27-38, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-328X(88)80231-6 . [all data]

Aston, Kennedy, et al., 1941
Aston, J.G.; Kennedy, R.M.; Messerly, G.H., The heat capacity and entropy, heats of fusion and vaporization and the vapor pressure of silicon tetramethyl, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1941, 63, 2343-2348. [all data]

Bergmann and Haskelberg, 1941
Bergmann, F.; Haskelberg, L., Synthesis of Lipophilic Chemotherapeuticals. V. N 4 -Acyl-sulfanilamides 1a, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1941, 63, 8, 2243-2245, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01853a062 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Harada, Atake, et al., 1977
Harada, M.; Atake, T.; Chihara, H., Thermodynamic properties of polymorphic phases of tetramethylsilane, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1977, 9, 523-534. [all data]

Shinoda, Enokida, et al., 1973
Shinoda, T.; Enokida, H.; Maeda, Y.; Tomita, H.; Mashiko, Y., Heat capacity of tetramethylsilane in the range from 2 to 26 K and premelting range, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1973, 46, 48-52. [all data]

Murphy and Beauchamp, 1977
Murphy, M.K.; Beauchamp, J.L., Photoionization mass spectrometry of the fluoromethylsilanes (CH3)n F4-nSi (n = 1-4), J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 2085. [all data]

Potzinger, Ritter, et al., 1975
Potzinger, P.; Ritter, A.; Krause, J., Massenspektrometrische Bestimmung von Bindungsenergien in siliciumorganischen Verbindungen, Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1975, 30, 347. [all data]

MacLean and Sacher, 1974
MacLean, D.I.; Sacher, R.E., A study of some spectroscopic properties of Group IVA acetylides, J. Organomet. Chem., 1974, 74, 197. [all data]

Jonas, Schweitzer, et al., 1973
Jonas, A.E.; Schweitzer, G.K.; Grimm, F.A.; Carlson, T.A., The photoelectron spectra of the tetrafluoro and tetramethyl compounds of the group IV elements, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1973, 1, 29. [all data]

Evans, Green, et al., 1972
Evans, S.; Green, J.C.; Joachim, P.J.; Orchard, A.F.; Turner, D.W.; Maier, J.P., Electronic structures of the Group IVB tetramethyls by helium-(I) photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1972, 68, 905. [all data]

Lappert, Pedley, et al., 1971
Lappert, M.F.; Pedley, J.B.; Simpson, J.; Spalding, T.R., Bonding studies of compounds of boron and the Group IV elements. VI. Mass spectrometric studies on compounds Me4M and Me3M-M'Me3 (M and M'=C, Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb): thermochemical data, J. Organomet. Chem., 1971, 29, 195. [all data]

Potzinger and Lampe, 1970
Potzinger, P.; Lampe, F.W., Thermochemistry of simple alkylsilanes, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 719. [all data]

Distefano, 1970
Distefano, G., Photoionization study of tetramethylsilicon, Inorg. Chem., 1970, 9, 1919. [all data]

Lappert, Simpson, et al., 1969
Lappert, M.F.; Simpson, J.; Spalding, T.R., Bonding studies of compounds of the group IV elements: ionisation potentials of the Me3M radicals, J.Organometal. Chem., 1969, 17, PI. [all data]

Band, Davidson, et al., 1968
Band, S.J.; Davidson, I.M.T.; Lambert, C.A., Bond dissociation energies: electron impact studies on some trimethylsilyl compounds, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 2068. [all data]

Hess, Lampe, et al., 1965
Hess, G.G.; Lampe, F.W.; Sommer, L.H., An electron impact study of ionization and dissociation of trimethylsilanes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1965, 87, 5327. [all data]

Khvostenko, Zykov, et al., 1981
Khvostenko, V.I.; Zykov, B.G.; Yuriev, V.P.; Mironov, V.F.; Kovel'zon, G.I.; Panasenko, A.A.; Sheludyakov, V.D.; Gailyunas, I.A., Study of d(π)-p(π) interaction in vinyl- and alkylsilicon-containing compounds by photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Organomet. Chem., 1981, 218, 155. [all data]

Roberge, Sandorfy, et al., 1978
Roberge, R.; Sandorfy, C.; Matthews, J.I.; Strausz, O.P., The far ultraviolet HeI photoelectron spectra of alkyl and fluorine substituted silane derivatives, J. Chem. Phys., 1978, 69, 5105. [all data]

Starzewski, Richter, et al., 1976
Starzewski, K.-H.A.O.; Richter, W.; Schmidbaur, H., Photoelektronenspektren und Struktur von Arsenyliden. P versus As: Ein Beitrag zur Problematik der ylidischen Bindung, Chem. Ber., 1976, 109, 473. [all data]

deRidder and Dijkstra, 1967
deRidder, J.J.; Dijkstra, G., Mass spectra of the tetramethyl and tetraethyl compounds of carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead, Rec. Trav. Chim., 1967, 86, 737. [all data]

Hobrock and Kiser, 1961
Hobrock, B.G.; Kiser, R.W., Electron impact spectroscopy of tetramethylsilicon, -tin and -lead, J. Phys. Chem., 1961, 65, 2186. [all data]

Szepes and Baer, 1984
Szepes, L.; Baer, T., Dissociation dynamics of energy selected hexamethyldisilane ions and the heats of formation of (CH3)3Si+ and (CH3)3Si, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 273. [all data]

Szepes and Baer, 1984, 2
Szepes, L.; Baer, T., (CH3)3SiX tipusu vegyuletek vizsgalata fotoelectron-fotoion koincidenciaval,I. Meghatarozott belso energiaju hexametil-diszilan-ionok disszociaciojanak dinamikaja, Magy. Kem. Foly., 1984, 90, 104. [all data]

Band, Davidson, et al., Commun. 1967
Band, S.J.; Davidson, I.M.T.; Lambert, C.A.; Stephenson, I.L., Bond dissociation energies and heats of formation of trimethylsilyl compounds, Chem., Commun. 1967, 723. [all data]

Connor, Finney, et al., 1966
Connor, J.A.; Finney, G.; Leigh, G.J.; Haszeldine, R.N.; Robinson, P.J.; Sedgwick, R.D.; Simmons, R.F., Bond dissociation energies in organosilicon compounds, Chem. Commun., 1966, 178. [all data]

Hess, Lampe, et al., 1964
Hess, G.G.; Lampe, F.W.; Sommer, L.H., Bond dissociation energies and ion energetics in organosilicon compounds by electron impact, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1964, 86, 3174. [all data]

Damrauer, Kass, et al., 1988
Damrauer, R.; Kass, S.R.; DePuy, C.H., Gas-Phase Acidities of Methylsilanes: C-H versus Si-H, Organomet., 1988, 7, 3, 637, https://doi.org/10.1021/om00093a011 . [all data]

Wetzel and Brauman, 1988
Wetzel, D.M.; Brauman, J.I., Quantitative Measure of alpha-Silyl Carbanion Stabilization. The Electron Affinity of (Trimethylsilyl)methyl Radical, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 25, 8333, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00233a008 . [all data]

DePuy and Damrauer, 1984
DePuy, C.H.; Damrauer, R., Reactions of organosilane anionic species with nitrous oxide, Organometallics, 1984, 3, 362. [all data]


Notes

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