Benzene, pentafluoro-

• Formula: C₆HF₅
• Molecular weight: 168.0642
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6HF5/c7-2-1-3(8)5(10)6(11)4(2)9/h1H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WACNXHCZHTVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 363-72-4
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Pentafluorobenzene; 1,2,3,4,5-Pentafluorobenzene
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH = A exp(-βT_r) (1 − T_r)^β
    Δ_vapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
    T_r = reduced temperature (T / T_c)

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Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: F^- + C₆HF₅ = (F^- • C₆HF₅)

Free energy of reaction

C₆F₅^- +  =

By formula: C₆F₅^- + H⁺ = C₆HF₅

C₆H₆⁺ +  = (C₆H₆⁺ • )

By formula: C₆H₆⁺ + C₆HF₅ = (C₆H₆⁺ • C₆HF₅)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cr⁺ + C₆HF₅ = (Cr⁺ • C₆HF₅)

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₆F₅^- +  =

By formula: C₆F₅^- + H⁺ = C₆HF₅

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

C₆H₆⁺ +  = (C₆H₆⁺ • )

By formula: C₆H₆⁺ + C₆HF₅ = (C₆H₆⁺ • C₆HF₅)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cr⁺ + C₆HF₅ = (Cr⁺ • C₆HF₅)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: F^- + C₆HF₅ = (F^- • C₆HF₅)

Free energy of reaction

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Cox, Gundry, et al., 1969
Cox, J.D.; Gundry, H.A.; Harrop, D.; Head, A.J., Thermodynamic properties of fluorine compounds. 9. Enthalpies of formation of some compounds containing the pentafluorophenyl group, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1969, 1, 77-87. [all data]

Paukov and Lavrent'eva, 1969
Paukov, I.E.; Lavrent'eva, M.N., Thermodynamic properties of pentafluorobenzene over the range 12-300K, Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 1969, 43, 2938-2941. [all data]

Counsell, Hales, et al., 1968
Counsell, J.F.; Hales, J.L.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of fluorine compounds. Part VI. The heat capacity and entropy of pentafluorobenzene, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 2042-2044. [all data]

Paukov and Lavrent'eva, 1969, 2
Paukov, I.E.; Lavrent'eva, M.N., Thermodynamic properties of pentafluorobenzene over the range 12-300 K, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1969, 43, 2938. [all data]

Counsell, Hales, et al., 1968, 2
Counsell, J.F.; Hales, J.L.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of flourine compounds. Part VI. The heat capacity and entropy of pentafluorobenzene, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1968, 2042. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Skripov and Muratov, 1977
Skripov, V.P.; Muratov, G.N., The surface tensions of liquids and their interpretation by the method of thermodynamic similarity., Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1977, 51, 806-8. [all data]

Hales and Townsend, 1974
Hales, J.L.; Townsend, R., Liquid Densities from 293 to 490 K of Eight Fluorinated Aromatic Comp., J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1974, 6, 111-6. [all data]

Ambrose and Sprake, 1971
Ambrose, D.; Sprake, C.H.S., Thermodynamic properties of fluorine compounds: x critical properties and vapour pressures of pentafluorobenzene, chloropentafluorobenzene, 2,3,4,5,6 -pentafluorotoluene, and pentafluorophenol, J. Chem. Soc. A, 1971, 1971, 1263. [all data]

Evans and Tiley, 1966
Evans, F.D.; Tiley, P.F., Vapour Pressures and Critical Constants of Hexafluoro, Pentafluoro-, Chloropentafrluoro-, and Bromopentafluoro-benzene, J. Chem. Soc. B, 1966, 1966, 134-6. [all data]

Invernizzi, 1982
Invernizzi, C., Termotecnica, 1982, 4, 78. [all data]

Basarová and Svoboda, 1991
Basarová, Pavlína; Svoboda, Václav, Calculation of heats of vaporization of halogenated hydrocarbons from saturated vapour pressure data, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1991, 68, 13-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(91)85008-I . [all data]

Findlay, 1969
Findlay, T.J.V., Vapor pressures of fluorobenzenes from 5° to 50°C, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1969, 14, 229. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Ambrose, 1968
Ambrose, D., Thermodynamic properties of fluorine compounds. Part V. Vapour pressures of pentafluorobenzene, chloropentafluorobenzene, 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorotoluene, and pentafluorophenol, J. Chem. Soc., A, 1968, 1381, https://doi.org/10.1039/j19680001381 . [all data]

Evans and Tiley, 1966, 2
Evans, F.D.; Tiley, P.F., Vapour pressures and critical constants of hexafluoro-, pentafluoro-, chloropentafluoro-, and bromopentafluoro-benzene, J. Chem. Soc., B:, 1966, 134, https://doi.org/10.1039/j29660000134 . [all data]

Patrick and Prosser, 1964
Patrick, C.R.; Prosser, G.S., Vapour pressures and related properties of hexafluorobenzene and of pentafluorobenzene, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1964, 60, 700, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9646000700 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Ambrose, 1968, 2
Ambrose, D., Thermodynamic Properties of Fluorine Compounds. Part V. Vapour Pressures of Pentafluorobenzene, Chloropentafluorobenzene, 2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorotoluene, and Pentafluorophenol, J. Chem. Soc. A:, 1968, 1381-1383, https://doi.org/10.1039/j19680001381 . [all data]

Evans and Tiley, 1966, 3
Evans, F.D.; Tiley, Vapour Pressures and Critical Constants of Hexafluoro-, Pentafluoro-, Chloropentafluoro-, and Bromopentafluoro-benzene, J. Chem. Soc. B:, 1966, 134-136, https://doi.org/10.1039/j29660000134 . [all data]

Acree, 1991
Acree, William E., Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds: enthalpy of fusion and melting point temperature compilation, Thermochimica Acta, 1991, 189, 1, 37-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)87098-H . [all data]

Dillow and Kebarle, 1988
Dillow, G.W.; Kebarle, P., Fluoride Affinities of Perfluorobenzenes C₆F₅X. Meisenheimer Complexes in the Gas Phase and Solution, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 15, 4877, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00223a001 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1987
Hiraoka, K.; Mizuse, S.; Yamabe, S., A Determination of the Stability and Structure of F^-(C₆H₆) and F^-(C₆F₆) Clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 86, 7, 4102, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.451920 . [all data]

Buker, Nibbering, et al., 1997
Buker, H.H.; Nibbering, N.M.M.; Espinosa, D.; Mongin, F.; Schlosser, M., Additivity of substituent effects in the fluoroarene series: Equilibrium acidity in the gas phase and deprotonation rates in ethereal solution, Tetrahed. Lett., 1997, 38, 49, 8519-8522, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(97)10303-3 . [all data]

Herd, Adams, et al., 1989
Herd, C.R.; Adams, N.G.; Smith, D., FALP Studies of Electron Attachment Reactions of C6F5Cl, C6F5Br, and C6F5I, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1989, 87, 3, 331, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(89)80032-1 . [all data]

Compton and Reinhardt, 1982
Compton, R.N.; Reinhardt, P.W., Collisonal ionization between fast alkali atoms and hexafluorobenzene, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1982, 91, 268. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Hamlet, P.; Hunter, E.P.; Field, F.H., Bonding Energies in Association Ions of Aromatic Molecules. Correlations with Ionization Energies, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 17, 5466, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00485a034 . [all data]

Ryzhov, 1999
Ryzhov, V., Binding Energies of Chromium Cations with Fluorobenzenes from Radiative Association Kinetics, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 1999, 185/186/187, 913. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Dillow and Kebarle, 1989
Dillow, G.W.; Kebarle, P., Substituent Effects on the Electron Affinities of Perfluorobenzenes C₆F₅X, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 15, 5592, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00197a014 . [all data]

Wentworth, Limero, et al., 1987
Wentworth, W.E.; Limero, T.; Chen, E.C.M., Electron Affinities of Hexafluorobenzene and Pentafluorobenzene, J. Phys. Chem., 1987, 91, 1, 241, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100285a051 . [all data]

Sell, Mintz, et al., 1978
Sell, J.A.; Mintz, D.M.; Kupperman, A., Photoelectron angular distributions of carbon-carbon π electrons in ethylene, benzene, and their fluorinated derivatives, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1978, 58, 601. [all data]

Lias and Ausloos, 1978
Lias, S.G.; Ausloos, P.J., eIonization energies of organic compounds by equilibrium measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 6027. [all data]

Smith and Raymonda, 1971
Smith, D.R.; Raymonda, J.W., Rydberg states in fluorinated benzenes; hexa-, penta-, and mono- fluorobenzene, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1971, 12, 269. [all data]

Bralsford, Harris, et al., 1960
Bralsford, R.; Harris, P.V.; Price, W.C., The effect of fluorine on the electronic spectra and ionization potentials of molecules, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1960, A258, 459. [all data]

Trudell and Price, 1979
Trudell, B.C.; Price, S.J.W., The ultraviolet photoelectron spectra of C₆F₅X compounds, X=(F, Cl, Br, I, H, CH₃), Can. J. Chem., 1979, 57, 2256. [all data]

Streets and Ceasar, 1973
Streets, D.G.; Ceasar, G.P., Inductive mesomeric effects on the π orbitals of halobenzenes, Mol. Phys., 1973, 26, 1037. [all data]

Majer and Patrick, 1962
Majer, J.R.; Patrick, C.R., Electron impact on some halogenated aromatic compounds, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1962, 58, 17. [all data]

Vernon and Edwards, 1975
Vernon, F.; Edwards, G.T., Gas-liquid chromatography on fluorinated stationary phases. I. Hydrocarbons and fluorocarbons, J. Chromatogr., 1975, 110, 1, 73-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)91212-3 . [all data]

Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968
Brown, I.; Chapman, I.L.; Nicholson, G.J., Gas chromatography of polar solutes in electron acceptor stationary phases, Aust. J. Chem., 1968, 21, 5, 1125-1141, https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9681125 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  EA	Electron affinity
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  Pc	Critical pressure
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  T	Temperature
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
  ρc	Critical density

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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