o-Xylene

Formula: C₈H₁₀
Molecular weight: 106.1650
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C8H10/c1-7-5-3-4-6-8(7)2/h3-6H,1-2H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 95-47-6
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Isotopologues:
- 1,2-Di(methyl-d3)benzene-d4
Other names: Benzene, 1,2-dimethyl-; o-Dimethylbenzene; o-Methyltoluene; o-Xylol; 1,2-Dimethylbenzene; 1,2-Xylene; 3,4-Xylene; ortho-Xylene; NSC 60920; 2-Methyltoluene; UN 1307; 1,2-dimethyl-benzene ( o-xylene)
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Other data available:
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- Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Polydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB	HP-5 MS	Petrocol DH	DB-5	VF-5 MS
Column length (m)	60.	30.	100.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	1.0	0.25	0.50	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	45.	35.	20.	40.	30.
T_end (C)	210.	300.	220.	250.	260.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.6	3.	15.	8.	2.
Initial hold (min)	1.45	5.	15.	2.
Final hold (min)	2.72	15.	30.	5.	28.
I	883.	889.	881.	890.	891.
Reference	Bramston-Cook, 2013	Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012	Supelco, 2012	Czerny, Brueckner, et al., 2011	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	VF-5 MS	ZB-5	PONA	SPB-5	SPB-5
Column length (m)	60.	30.	50.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Nitrogen
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.20	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.50	1.	1.
T_start (C)	30.	40.	35.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	260.	280.	200.	230.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	6.	2.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)		1.	15.	5.	5.
Final hold (min)	28.	9.	10.	5.	5.
I	893.	896.	883.	898.	901.
Reference	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	Harrison and Priest, 2009	Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009	Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007	Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SPB-5	HP-1	HP-1	SPB-5	HP-5
Column length (m)	60.	50.	50.	30.	30.
Carrier gas		N2	He	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.2	0.2	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	1.	0.33	0.5	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	230.	250.	250.	250.	300.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	2.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)	5.			2.
Final hold (min)	5.	20.	120.	20.	5.
I	898.	876.	882.	884.	885.
Reference	Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007	Berlioz, Cordella, et al., 2006	Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006	Pino, Marquez, et al., 2006	Utsunomia, Kawata, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-1	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	DB-5	SPB-5	SPB-1
Column length (m)	50.	0.	30.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	He	H2	Helium	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.33	1.	0.25	1.0	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	30.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	280.	230.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	7.	4.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)		10.	10.		10.
Final hold (min)	20.	5.	40.
I	878.	868.	901.	901.	871.
Reference	Cavalli, Fernandez, et al., 2004	Ramírez, Estévez, et al., 2004	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2003	Sebastian, Viallon-Fernandez, et al., 2003	Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SPB-1	HP-5	SPB-5	SPB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He		He	Helium	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	50.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	240.	250.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	5.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	10.		3.	2.
Final hold (min)			10.	20.
I	873.	890.	899.	896.	896.
Reference	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003	Isidorov and Jdanova, 2002	Kim and Lee, 2002	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	Tellez, Schrader, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	BP-1	Methyl Silicone	HP-5	OV-1
Column length (m)	60.	50.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.22	0.25	0.20
Phase thickness (μm)	1.	0.75	0.25	0.33
T_start (C)	40.	50.	40.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	240.	200.	220.	180.	160.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	5.	5.	2.
Initial hold (min)			10.	3.
Final hold (min)
I	902.	887.	877.74	896.	881.
Reference	García, Martín, et al., 2000	Health Safety Executive, 2000	Baraldi, Rapparini, et al., 1999	Jung, Wichmann, et al., 1999	Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	OV-101	DB-5	DB-5	SE-54	HP-5
Column length (m)	50.	60.	60.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	Helium				He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.20	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.50	1.	1.		0.25
T_start (C)	30.	40.	40.	60.	35.
T_end (C)	100.	200.	200.	200.	300.
Heat rate (K/min)	1.	3.	3.	4.	10.
Initial hold (min)	6.	5.	5.	2.	2.
Final hold (min)		2.	2.		10.
I	877.	896.	898.	860.	896.5
Reference	Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999, 2	Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 1997	Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 1997	Guan, Li, et al., 1995	Wang and Fingas, 1995
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-1	DB-1	DB-1	OV-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	H2	He	He	He	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	1.	0.25	0.25	1.2	0.52
T_start (C)	40.	50.	50.	30.	30.
T_end (C)	220.	240.	240.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	5.	3.	1.
Initial hold (min)		3.	3.	10.
Final hold (min)
I	850.	879.	885.	883.	869.
Reference	Moio, Dekimpe, et al., 1993	Shiota, 1993	Shiota, 1993	Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1992	Guan, Zheng, et al., 1992
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP Sil 5 CB	DB-5	OV-101	OV-101	DB-1
Column length (m)	25.	60.	50.	54.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.32	0.26	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.45	1.0	0.5
T_start (C)	0.	40.	50.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	320.	240.	250.	240.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	4.	5.	4.
Initial hold (min)	5.			0.
Final hold (min)	10.			0.	10.
I	872.	892.	879.	878.	876.
Reference	Hartgers, Damste, et al., 1992	Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 1991	Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 1991	Zenkevich and Ventura, 1991	Binder, Benson, et al., 1990
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	OV-101	OV-1	Squalane	Squalane
Column length (m)		50.	50.	100.	100.
Carrier gas		He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)		0.20	0.2	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)			0.52
T_start (C)	50.	80.	35.
T_end (C)	230.	190.	150.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	1.	1.1	0.1	0.2
Initial hold (min)			10.
Final hold (min)	10.
I	876.	889.	875.6	870.5	873.4
Reference	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990	Matisová, Kovacicová, et al., 1989	Durand, Boscher, et al., 1987	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Squalane	Squalane	Squalane	Squalane	Squalane
Column length (m)	100.	100.	100.	180.	180.
Carrier gas
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)				40.	40.
T_end (C)
Heat rate (K/min)	0.4	0.6	0.8	0.1	0.2
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	877.3	880.1	882.5	870.	873.
Reference	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Squalane	Squalane	Squalane	DB-1	OV-101
Column length (m)	180.	180.	180.	50.	50.
Carrier gas					He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.31
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	40.	40.	40.	0.	0.
T_end (C)				250.	225.
Heat rate (K/min)	0.4	0.6	0.8	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)					1.
Final hold (min)
I	876.	879.	882.	877.	871.
Reference	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2	Habu, Flath, et al., 1985	del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Packed	Capillary
Active phase	SE-30	Apiezon L	SF-96
Column length (m)	50.	2.	111.
Carrier gas	He		Nitrogen
Substrate		Chromosorb G-AW-DMCS
Column diameter (mm)	0.5		0.76
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	40.	25.
T_end (C)	170.		130.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	10.	3.
Initial hold (min)	3.		8.
Final hold (min)			40.
I	875.	854.	880.
Reference	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981	Dahlmann, Köser, et al., 1979	Donetzhuber, Johansson, et al., 1976
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Bramston-Cook, 2013
Bramston-Cook, R., Kovats indices for C2-C13 hydrocarbons and selected oxygenated/halocarbons with 100 % dimethylpolysiloxane columns, 2013, retrieved from http://lotusinstruments.com/monographs/List .... [all data]

Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012
Kotowska, U.; Zalikowski, M.; Isidorov, V.A., HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted from municipal sewage sludge, Environ. Monit. Asses., 2012, 184, 5, 2893-2907, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2158-8 . [all data]

Supelco, 2012
Supelco, CatalogNo. 24160-U, Petrocol DH Columns. Catalog No. 24160-U, 2012, retrieved from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Supelco/Datasheet/1/w97949.Par.0001.File.tmp/w97949.pdf. [all data]

Czerny, Brueckner, et al., 2011
Czerny, M.; Brueckner, R.; Kirchoff, E.; Schmitt, R.; Buettner, A., The influence of molecular structure on odor qualities and odor detection thresholds of volatile alkylated phenols, Chem. Senses, 2011, 1-15, retrieved from http://chemie.oxfordjournals.org. [all data]

Leffingwell and Alford, 2011
Leffingwell, J.; Alford, E.D., Volatile constituents of the giant pufball mushroom (Calvatia gigantea), Leffingwell Rep., 2011, 4, 1-17. [all data]

Harrison and Priest, 2009
Harrison, B.M.; Priest, F.G., Composition of peaks used in the preparation of malt for Scotch Whisky production - influence of geographical source and extraction depth, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 6, 2385-2391, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf803556y . [all data]

Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009
Zhang, X.; Ding, L.; Sun, Z.; Song, L.; Sun, T., Study on quantitative structure-retention relationships for hydrocarbons in FCC gasoline, Chromatographia, 2009, 70, 3/4, 511-518, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-009-1174-0 . [all data]

Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007
Vasta, V.; Ratel, J.; Engel, E., Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Raw Meat for the Authentication of the Feeding Background of Farm Animals, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 12, 4630-4639, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf063432n . [all data]

Berlioz, Cordella, et al., 2006
Berlioz, B.; Cordella, C.; Cavalli, J.-F.; Lizzani-Cuvelier, L.; Loiseau, A.-M.; Fernandez, X., Comparison of the amounts of volatile compounds in French protected designation of origin virgin olive oils, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 26, 10092-10101, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf061796+ . [all data]

Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006
Castel, C.; Fernandez, X.; Lizzani-Cuvelier, L.; Perichet, C.; Lavoine, S., Characterization of the Chemical Composition of a Byproduct from Siam Benzoin Gum, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 23, 8848-8854, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf061193y . [all data]

Pino, Marquez, et al., 2006
Pino, J.A.; Marquez, E.; Marbot, R., Volatile constituents from tea of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), Rev. CENIC Ciencias Quimicas, 2006, 37, 3, 127-129. [all data]

Utsunomia, Kawata, et al., 2005
Utsunomia, H.; Kawata, J.; Chanoki, W.; Shirakawa, N.; Miyazawa, M., Components of Essential Oil from Woods of Prunus mume Sieb. at Zucc., J. Oleo Sci., 2005, 54, 11, 609-612, https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.54.609 . [all data]

Cavalli, Fernandez, et al., 2004
Cavalli, J.-F.; Fernandez, X.; Lizzani-Cievelier, L.; Loiseau, A.-M., Characterization of volatile compounds of French and Spanish virgin olive oil by HS-SPME: identification of quality-freshness markers, Food Chem., 2004, 88, 1, 151-157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.04.003 . [all data]

Ramírez, Estévez, et al., 2004
Ramírez, M.R.; Estévez, M.; Morcuende, D.; Cava, R., Effect of the type of frying culinary fat on volatile compounds isolated in fried pork loin chops by using SPME-GC-MS, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 25, 7637-7643, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049207s . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2003
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Fuentes, V., Characterization of volatiles in Bullock's heart (Annona reticulata L.) fruit cultivars from Cuba, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 13, 3836-3839, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020733y . [all data]

Sebastian, Viallon-Fernandez, et al., 2003
Sebastian, I.; Viallon-Fernandez, C.; Berge, P.; Berdague, J.-L., Analysis of the volatile fraction of lamb fat tissue: influence of the type of feeding, Sciences des Aliments, 2003, 23, 4, 497-511, https://doi.org/10.3166/sda.23.497-511 . [all data]

Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003
Vichi, S.; Castellote, A.I.; Pizzale, L.; Conte, L.S.; Buxaderas, S.; López-Tamames, E., Analysis of virgin olive oil volatile compounds by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometric and flame ionization detection, J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 983, 1-2, 19-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01691-6 . [all data]

Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003
Vichi, S.; Pizzale, L.; Conte, L.S.; Buxaderas, S.; López-Tamames, E., Solid-phase microextraction in the analysis of virgin olive oil volatile fraction: characterization of virgin olive oils from two distinct geographical areas of Northern Italy, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 22, 6572-6577, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030269c . [all data]

Isidorov and Jdanova, 2002
Isidorov, V.; Jdanova, M., Volatile organic compounds from leaves litter, Chemosphere, 2002, 48, 9, 975-979, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00074-7 . [all data]

Kim and Lee, 2002
Kim, N.-S.; Lee, D.-S., Comparison of different extraction methods for the analysis of fragrances from Lavandula species by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 982, 1, 31-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01445-0 . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Vazquez, C., Characterization of volatiles in Loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), Revista CENIC Ciencias Quimicas, 2002, 33, 3, 115-119. [all data]

Tellez, Schrader, et al., 2001
Tellez, M.R.; Schrader, K.K.; Kobaisy, M., Volatile components of the cyanobacterium oscillatoria perornata (Skuja), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 12, 5989-5992, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010722p . [all data]

García, Martín, et al., 2000
García, C.; Martín, A.; Timón, M.L.; Córdoba, J.J., Microbial populations and volatile compounds in the 'bone taint' spoilage of dry cured ham, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 2000, 30, 1, 61-66, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765x.2000.00663.x . [all data]

Health Safety Executive, 2000
Health Safety Executive, MDHS 96 Volatile organic compounds in air - Laboratory method using pumed solid sorbent tubes, solvent desorption and gas chromatography in Methods for the Determination of Hazardous Substances (MDHS) guidance, Crown, Colegate, Norwich, 2000, 1-24, retrieved from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/mdhs/pdfs/mdhs96.pdf. [all data]

Baraldi, Rapparini, et al., 1999
Baraldi, R.; Rapparini, F.; Rossi, F.; Latella, A.; Ciccioli, P., Volatile organic compound emissions from flowers of the most occurring and economically important species of fruit trees, Phys. Chem. Earth, 1999, 24, 6, 729-732, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1464-1909(99)00073-8 . [all data]

Jung, Wichmann, et al., 1999
Jung, A.; Wichmann, K.-H.; Kolb, M., VOC emission of polymeric packaging materials, LaborPraxis, 1999, 23, 9, 20-22. [all data]

Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Muurisepp, M.; Kann, J., Composition of the oil from waste tires. 2. Fraction boiling at 160-180 0C, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 1999, 48, 3, 136-140. [all data]

Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999, 2
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Muurisepp, M.; Kann, J., Composition of the oil from waste tires. 1. Fraction boiling at yp to 160 0C, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 1999, 48, 1, 30-39. [all data]

Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 1997
Kondjoyan, N.; Viallon, C.; Berdagué, J.L.; Daridan, D.; Simon, M.-N.; Legault, C., Analyse comparative de la fraction volatile de jambons secs de porcs Gascon et Large-White x Landrace Français, J. Rech. C.N.R.S., 1997, 29, 405-410, retrieved from http://www.rennes.inra.fr/srp/jrp/1997/97txtQualite/Q9704.pdf. [all data]

Guan, Li, et al., 1995
Guan, Y.; Li, L.; Zhou, L., Live retention database for compound identification in capillary gas chromatography, Chin. J. Chromatogr., 1995, 13, 5, 851-857. [all data]

Wang and Fingas, 1995
Wang, Z.; Fingas, M., Differentiation of the source of spilled oil and monitoring of the oil weathering process using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1995, 712, 2, 321-343, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)00546-Y . [all data]

Moio, Dekimpe, et al., 1993
Moio, L.; Dekimpe, J.; Etievant, P.; Addeo, F., Neutral volatile compounds in the raw milks from different species, J. Dairy Res., 1993, 60, 2, 199-213, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029900027515 . [all data]

Shiota, 1993
Shiota, H., New esteric components in the volatiles of banana fruit (Musa sapientum L.), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 11, 2056-2062, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a046 . [all data]

Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1992
Ciccioli, P.; Cecinato, A.; Brancaleoni, E.; Frattoni, M.; Liberti, A., Use of carbon adsorption traps combined with high resolution gas chromatography - mass spectrometry for the analysis of polar and non-polar C₄-C₁₄ hydrocarbons involved in photochemical smog formation, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1992, 15, 2, 75-84, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150205 . [all data]

Guan, Zheng, et al., 1992
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Hartgers, Damste, et al., 1992
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Notes

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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