Naphthalene
- Formula: C10H8
- Molecular weight: 128.1705
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 91-20-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Albocarbon; Dezodorator; Moth flakes; Naphthalin; Naphthaline; Naphthene; Tar camphor; White tar; Camphor tar; Moth balls; Naftalen; NCI-C52904; Mighty 150; Mighty RD1; Rcra waste number U165; UN 1334; UN 2304; NSC 37565
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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SPB-5 | HP-5MS | HP-5MS | RTX-5 | CP-Sil 8CB-MS |
Column length (m) | 60. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 0. |
Carrier gas | He | He | N2 | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 80. | 60. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 230. | 300. | 280. | 300. | 280. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 4. | 4. | 5. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 5. | 2. | 2. | |
Final hold (min) | 10. | 10. | 5. | ||
I | 1208. | 1190.9 | 1196. | 1199.2 | 1199. |
Reference | Engel and Ratel, 2007 | Zeng, Zhao, et al., 2007 | Saroglou, Dorizas, et al., 2006 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | Elmore, Cooper, et al., 2005 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | PONA | HP-5 | ZB-5 | HP-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 50. | 30. | 0. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.5 | |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 50. | 50. | 40. | 60. |
Tend (C) | 260. | 290. | 265. | 260. | |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 4. | 7. | 3. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | ||||
Final hold (min) | 20. | 5. | |||
I | 1177. | 1170. | 1182. | 1193. | 1180. |
Reference | Senatore, Napolitano, et al., 2005 | Vendeuvre, Bertoncini, et al., 2005 | Flach A., Dondon R.C., et al., 2004 | Gocmen, Gurbuz, et al., 2004 | Javidnia, Miri, et al., 2004 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-5MS | Petrocol DH | DB-5 | HP-5 | DB-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 50. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | N2 | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 60. | 35. | 60. | 60. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 280. | 200. | 240. | 220. | 310. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 3. | 3. | 5. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 10. | 10. | |||
Final hold (min) | 10. | ||||
I | 1160. | 1172.4 | 1181. | 1182. | 1171.5 |
Reference | Tzakou, Vagias, et al., 2004 | Censullo, Jones, et al., 2003 | Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 2003 | Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 2003, 2 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-1 | DB-5 | HP-5MS |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1. | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 40. | 50. | 60. |
Tend (C) | 310. | 310. | 325. | 200. | 275. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 6. | 3. | 2.5 | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | |||||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1179.7 | 1183.4 | 1146.0 | 1203.2 | 1183. |
Reference | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | Sun and Stremple, 2003 | Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003 | Afsharypuor and Suleimany, 2002 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | BPX-5 | HP-5MS | DB-5 | HP-5 | HP-5 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | N2 | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.5 | 0.25 | 1. | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 60. | 60. | 50. | 60. | 60. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 300. | 200. | 220. | 280. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 3. | 2.5 | 5. | 3. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 10. | 5. | ||
Final hold (min) | 20. | ||||
I | 1218. | 1182. | 1174. | 1180. | 1179. |
Reference | Bredie, Mottram, et al., 2002 | Couladis, Chinou, et al., 2002 | Dallüge, van Stee, et al., 2002 | Flamini, Cioni, et al., 2002 | Fokialakis, Magiatis, et al., 2002 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | CP Sil 8 CB | HP-5 | HP-5 | HP-5 | SPB-Sulfur |
Column length (m) | 60. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 4. |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 280. | 260. | 380. | 200. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 3. | 3. | 3. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 8. | 5. | 12.5 | ||
Final hold (min) | 10. | 10. | |||
I | 1195. | 1179. | 1179. | 1176. | 1177.3 |
Reference | Oruna-Concha, Ames, et al., 2002 | Aligiannis, Kalpoutzakis, et al., 2001 | Couladis, Baziou, et al., 2001 | Couladis, Tsortanidou, et al., 2001 | de Lacy Costello, Evans, et al., 2001 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-5 | HP-5MS | OV-1 | OV-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 20. | 20. |
Carrier gas | H2 | H2 | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1. | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 50. | 45. | 45. |
Tend (C) | 210. | 210. | 300. | 220. | 220. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 3. | 10. | 10. | 10. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | |||
Final hold (min) | 10. | 10. | |||
I | 1191. | 1192. | 1191. | 1162. | 1165. |
Reference | Moio, Piombino, et al., 2000 | Moio, Piombino, et al., 2000 | Nahir, 1999 | Valero, Sanz, et al., 1999 | Valero, Sanz, et al., 1999 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-54 | SE-54 | DB-5 | Methyl Silicone | DB-1 |
Column length (m) | 25. | 25. | 30. | 30. | |
Carrier gas | H2 | H2 | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.2 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 0.25 | |||
Tstart (C) | 35. | 35. | 60. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 250. | 250. | 250. | 300. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 4. | 4. | 5. |
Initial hold (min) | 3. | 3. | 5. | 2. | |
Final hold (min) | 20. | 5. | |||
I | 1189. | 1191. | 1185. | 1163. | 1148. |
Reference | Li, Wang, et al., 1998 | Li, Wang, et al., 1998 | Madruga and Mottram, 1998 | Analytical Methods Committee, 1997 | Johnson, Urso, et al., 1997 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-1 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | |
Carrier gas | H2 | H2 | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1. | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Tstart (C) | 35. | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 300. | 220. | 220. | 310. | 310. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 8. | 3. | 3. | 2. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | |||||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1161.6 | 1191. | 1192. | 1171.5 | 1179.7 |
Reference | Gautzsch and Zinn, 1996 | Moio L., Rillo L., et al., 1996 | Moio L., Rillo L., et al., 1996 | Lai and Song, 1995 | Lai and Song, 1995 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-1 | HP-101 | DB-5 | HP-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | 50. | 30. | 50. |
Carrier gas | He | H2 | N2 | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1.05 | ||
Tstart (C) | 40. | 50. | 70. | 50. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 310. | 250. | 200. | 250. | 260. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 6. | 2.5 | 3. | 4. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | ||||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1183.4 | 1141. | 1197. | 1186. | 1169. |
Reference | Lai and Song, 1995 | Stashenko, Villa, et al., 1995 | Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993 | Gómez, Ledbetter, et al., 1993 | Kuo and Ho, 1992 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Petrocol DH | Petrocol DH | Petrocol DH | DB-5 | SPB-1 |
Column length (m) | 100. | 100. | 100. | 0.32 | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | H2 | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1. | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.25 | |
Tstart (C) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 35. |
Tend (C) | 220. | 220. | 220. | 180. | 235. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1.5 | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 10. | |||
Final hold (min) | 40. | ||||
I | 1158.51 | 1160.26 | 1158. | 1194. | 1156. |
Reference | White, Douglas, et al., 1992 | White, Douglas, et al., 1992 | White, Hackett, et al., 1992 | Guichard and Souty, 1988 | Huang, Bruechert, et al., 1987 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SPB-1 | DB-5 | SE-54 | SE-54 | OV-1 |
Column length (m) | 60. | 30. | 25. | 25. | 50. |
Carrier gas | He | He | H2 | H2 | H2 |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.2 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.17 | |
Tstart (C) | 35. | 50. | 35. | 35. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 235. | 300. | 200. | ||
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 6. | 2. | 2. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 10. | 4. | |||
Final hold (min) | 40. | 20. | 55. | ||
I | 1156. | 1187. | 1165. | 1180. | 1144. |
Reference | Huang, Bruechert, et al., 1987 | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | Weber, 1986 | Weber, 1986 | Wu and Liou, 1986 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Ultra-1 | Ultra-1 | Ultra-1 | Ultra-2 | Ultra-2 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 |
Tstart (C) | -30. | -30. | -30. | -30. | -30. |
Tend (C) | 240. | 240. | 240. | 240. | 240. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 1. | 2. | 3. | 1. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | |||||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1146.97 | 1155.82 | 1161.44 | 1178.80 | 1188.47 |
Reference | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Ultra-2 | SE-30 | SE-30 | OV-1 | OV-1 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 25. | 25. | 50. | 25. |
Carrier gas | He | N2 | N2 | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.22 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.2 | 0.31 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.33 | ||||
Tstart (C) | -30. | 100. | 140. | 35. | 35. |
Tend (C) | 240. | 320. | 320. | 280. | 280. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 10. | 6. | ||
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | |||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1194.63 | 1189. | 1199. | 1155.1 | 1156.84 |
Reference | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | Korhonen and Lind, 1985 | Korhonen and Lind, 1985 | Knoppel, de Bortoli, et al., 1983 | Knoppel, de Bortoli, et al., 1983 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-1 | OV-1 | OV-101 | SE-52 | SE-52 |
Column length (m) | 24. | 30. | 108. | 33.3 | 12. |
Carrier gas | He | He | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.3 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.34 | |
Tstart (C) | 35. | 35. | 35. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 250. | 200. | 320. | 250. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 1. | 6. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 5. | ||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1157. | 1157.1 | 1156. | 1172. | 1168.74 |
Reference | Knoppel, de Bortoli, et al., 1982 | Knoppel, de Bortoli, et al., 1982 | Hayes and Pitzer, 1981 | Beernaert, 1979 | Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Packed | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-52 | OV-101 | SE-52 | SE-52 |
Column length (m) | 12. | 2.5 | 65. | 50. |
Carrier gas | He | N2 | N2 | |
Substrate | Gas-Chrom Q | |||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.28 | 0.3 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.17 | |||
Tstart (C) | 50. | 50. | 100. | 100. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 220. | 300. | 300. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 1.8 | 2.5 |
Initial hold (min) | ||||
Final hold (min) | ||||
I | 1166.21 | 1162. | 1150. | 1173. |
Reference | Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979 | Nixon, Wong, et al., 1979 | Carugno and Rossi, 1967 | Cantuti, Cartoni, et al., 1965 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Engel and Ratel, 2007
Engel, E.; Ratel, J.,
Correction of the data generated by mass spectrometry analyses of biological tissues: Application to food authentication,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2007, 1154, 1-2, 331-341, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.012
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Zeng, Zhao, et al., 2007
Zeng, Y.-X.; Zhao, C.-X.; Liang, Y.-Z.; Yang, H.; Fang, H.-Z.; Yi, L.-Z.; Zeng, Z.-D.,
Comparative analysis of volatile components from Clematis species growing in China,
Anal. Chim. Acta., 2007, 595, 1-2, 328-339, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.12.022
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Saroglou, Dorizas, et al., 2006
Saroglou, V.; Dorizas, N.; Kypriotakis, Z.; Skaltsa, H.D.,
Analysis of the essential oil composition of eight Anthemis species from Greece,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2006, 1104, 1-2, 313-322, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.087
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Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005
Ádámová, M.; Orinák, A.; Halás, L.,
Retention indices as identification tool in pyrolysis-capillary gas chromatography,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2005, 1087, 1-2, 131-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.003
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Elmore, Cooper, et al., 2005
Elmore, J.S.; Cooper, S.L.; Enser, M.; Mottram, D.S.; Sinclair, L.A.; Wilkinson, R.G.; Wood, J.D.,
Dietary manipulation of fatty acid composition in lamb meat and its effect on the volatile aroma compounds of grilled lamb,
Meat Sci., 2005, 69, 2, 233-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.07.002
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Senatore, Napolitano, et al., 2005
Senatore, F.; Napolitano, F.; Arnold, N.A.; Bruno, M.; Herz, W.,
Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Achillea falcata L. (Asteraceae),
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Vendeuvre, Bertoncini, et al., 2005
Vendeuvre, C.; Bertoncini, F.; Thiébaut, D.; Martin, M.; Hennion, M.-C.,
Evluation of a retention model in comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography,
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Flach A., Dondon R.C., et al., 2004
Flach A.; Dondon R.C.; Singer R.B.; Koehler S.; Amaral M.D.E.; Marsaioli A.J.,
The chemistry of pollination in selected Brazilian maxillariinae orchids: Floral rewards and fragrance,
J. Chem. Ecol., 2004, 30, 5, 1045-1056, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000028466.50392.ed
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Gocmen, Gurbuz, et al., 2004
Gocmen, D.; Gurbuz, O.; Rouseff, R.L.; Smoot, J.M.; Dagdelen, A.F.,
Gas chromatographic-olfactometric characterization of aroma active compounds in sun-dried and vacuum-dried tarhana,
Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2004, 218, 6, 573-578, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-004-0913-6
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Javidnia, Miri, et al., 2004
Javidnia, K.; Miri, R.; Kamalinejad, M.; Sarkarzadeh, H.; Jamalian, A.,
Chemical composition of the essential oils of Anthemis altissima L. grown in Iran,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 3, 213-216, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1277
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Tzakou, Vagias, et al., 2004
Tzakou, O.; Vagias, C.; Gani, A.; Yannitsaros, A.,
Volatile constituents of essential oils isolated at different growth stages from three Conyza species growing in Greece,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 425-428. [all data]
Censullo, Jones, et al., 2003
Censullo, A.C.; Jones, D.R.; Wills, M.T.,
Speciation of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in solventborne aerosol coatings by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography,
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Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 2003
Flamini, G.; Luigi Cioni, P.; Morelli, I.,
Volatiles from leaves, fruits, and virgin oil from Olea europaea Cv. Olivastra Seggianese from Italy,
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Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 2003, 2
Flamini, G.; Luigi Cioni, P.; Morelli, I.,
Differences in the fragrances of pollen, leaves, and floral parts of garland (Chrysanthemum coronarium) and composition of the essential oils from flowerheads and leaves,
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Song, Lai, et al., 2003
Song, C.; Lai, W.-C.; Madhusudan Reddy, K.; Wei, B.,
Chapter 7. Temperature-programmed retention indices for GC and GC-MS of hydrocarbon fuels and simulated distillation GC of heavy oils
in Analytical advances for hydrocarbon research, Hsu,C.S., ed(s)., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003, 147-193. [all data]
Sun and Stremple, 2003
Sun, G.; Stremple, P.,
Retention index characterization of flavor, fragrance, and many other compounds on DB-1 and DB-XLB, 2003, retrieved from http://www.chem.agilent.com/cag/cabu/pdf/b-0279.pdf. [all data]
Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003
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Notes
Go To: Top, Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References
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