Naphthalene
- Formula: C10H8
- Molecular weight: 128.1705
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 91-20-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Albocarbon; Dezodorator; Moth flakes; Naphthalin; Naphthaline; Naphthene; Tar camphor; White tar; Camphor tar; Moth balls; Naftalen; NCI-C52904; Mighty 150; Mighty RD1; Rcra waste number U165; UN 1334; UN 2304; NSC 37565
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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | RTX-5 | RTX-5 | RTX-5 | RTX-1 | Methyl Silicone |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 6. | 15. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.1 | 0.24 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.4 | |
Temperature (C) | 100. | 120. | 80. | 120. | 150. |
I | 1194.25 | 1210.48 | 1189.91 | 1160. | 1180.61 |
Reference | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | Arey J.S., Nelson R.K., et al., 2005 | Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2002 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SPB-1 | DB-1 | ZB-1 | BP-1 | C78, Branched paraffin |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 3.3 |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Temperature (C) | 100. | 100. | 100. | 100. | 130. |
I | 1159.62 | 1160.84 | 1161.23 | 1160.72 | 1214.1 |
Reference | Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2000 | Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2000 | Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2000 | Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2000 | Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-5MS | Squalane | SE-30 | SE-30 | OV-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 50. | 30. | 30. | 25. |
Carrier gas | He | SF6 | N2 | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.2 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.33 | |
Temperature (C) | 100. | 120. | 100. | 100. | 150. |
I | 1190. | 1171.8 | 1162.56 | 1167.07 | 1197. |
Reference | Nahir, 1999 | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1997 | Malyukova, Berezkin, et al., 1997 | Malyukova, Berezkin, et al., 1997 | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-1 | OV-1 | OV-1 | C78, Branched paraffin | HP-1 |
Column length (m) | 25. | 25. | 25. | 3.3 | 25. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | N2 | |
Substrate | Chromosorb G HP | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.20 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | ||
Temperature (C) | 150. | 150. | 160. | 130. | 60. |
I | 1196. | 1197. | 1204. | 1213.7 | 1139. |
Reference | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992 | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-1 | HP-1 | HP-1 | OV-101 | Methyl Silicone |
Column length (m) | 25. | 25. | 25. | 14. | |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | H2 | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.325 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.305 | 0.25 | |||
Temperature (C) | 60. | 100. | 100. | 110. | 90. |
I | 1139. | 1165. | 1165. | 1167.4 | 1153. |
Reference | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | Farkas, Sojak, et al., 1989 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone |
Column length (m) | |||||
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Temperature (C) | 90. | 90. | 90. | 90. | 90. |
I | 1154. | 1154. | 1154. | 1154. | 1154. |
Reference | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone |
Column length (m) | |||||
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Temperature (C) | 90. | 90. | 90. | 90. | 90. |
I | 1154. | 1154. | 1154. | 1154. | 1154. |
Reference | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 15. | 15. | 15. | ||
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | |||
Temperature (C) | 90. | 90. | 140. | 140. | 140. |
I | 1155. | 1155. | 1183. | 1184. | 1186. |
Reference | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987 | Berlizov, Berezkin, et al., 1986 | Berlizov, Berezkin, et al., 1986 | Berlizov, Berezkin, et al., 1986 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Packed | Packed | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-1 | SE-30 | SE-30 |
Column length (m) | 15. | 15. | 2.5 | 3. | 15. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | N2 | |
Substrate | Chromosorb W HP | Chromosorb W AW | |||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.25 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 140. | 140. | 150. | 180. | 70. |
I | 1186. | 1188. | 1194. | 1219. | 1145.0 |
Reference | Berlizov, Berezkin, et al., 1986 | Berlizov, Berezkin, et al., 1986 | Antal, 1984 | Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984 | Tóth, 1983 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | SE-30 | SE-30 | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 100. | 100. | 100. | 50. | 50. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 130. | 150. | 80. | 86. | 96. |
I | 1183. | 1197. | 1152. | 1146. | 1151.8 |
Reference | Bredael, 1982 | Bredael, 1982 | Bredael, 1982 | Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982 | Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | Apiezon L | OV-1 | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | |||
Carrier gas | N2 | ||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.3 | 0.23 | |||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 140. | 200. | 130. | 100. | 110. |
I | 1191.0 | 1166. | 1184. | 1152. | 1161. |
Reference | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | Klemm, Shabtai, et al., 1981 | Engewald, Wennrich, et al., 1979 | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 50. | ||||
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | ||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 120. | 130. | 90. | 92. | 86. |
I | 1169. | 1172. | 1146. | 1152. | 1146.0 |
Reference | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Packed | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | SE-30 | Squalane | SE-30 | SE-30 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 25.5 | 25.5 | |
Carrier gas | H2 | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 96. | 150. | 100. | 65. | 65. |
I | 1151.8 | 1196. | 1152. | 1139.4 | 1142.1 |
Reference | Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978 | Shlyakhov, Anvaer, et al., 1975 | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Packed |
---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Methyl Silicone |
Column length (m) | ||
Carrier gas | ||
Substrate | ||
Column diameter (mm) | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | ||
Temperature (C) | 120. | 130. |
I | 1169. | 1192. |
Reference | Schomburg, 1966 | Antheaume and Guiochon, 1965 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005
Ádámová, M.; Orinák, A.; Halás, L.,
Retention indices as identification tool in pyrolysis-capillary gas chromatography,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2005, 1087, 1-2, 131-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.003
. [all data]
Arey J.S., Nelson R.K., et al., 2005
Arey J.S.; Nelson R.K.; Xu L.; Reddy C.M.,
Using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography retention indices to estimate environmental partitioning properties for a complete set of diesel fuel hydrocarbons,
Anal. Chem., 2005, 77, 22, 7172-7182, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac051051n
. [all data]
Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2002
Berezkin, V.G.; Korolev, A.A.; Malyukova, I.V.; Popova, T.P.; Shiryaeva, V.E.; Khotimskii, V.S.,
Poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propine] as chromatographic adsorbent and prospects of its application in packed and capillary columns,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 960, 1-2, 151-158, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00333-3
. [all data]
Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2000
Berezkin, V.G.; Korolev, A.A.; Malyukova, I.V.,
A comparative analysis of retention values obtained on fused silica capillary columns from various manufacturers,
Analusis, 2000, 28, 2, 132-135, https://doi.org/10.1051/analusis:2000105
. [all data]
Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000
Dallos, A.; Sisak, A.; Kulcsár, Z.; Kováts, E.,
Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography VII. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with secondary alcohol groups,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 904, 2, 211-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00908-0
. [all data]
Nahir, 1999
Nahir, T.M.,
Analysis of semivolatile organic compounds in fuels using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
J. Chem. Educ., 1999, 76, 12, 1695-1696, https://doi.org/10.1021/ed076p1695
. [all data]
Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1997
Gerasimenko, V.A.; Nabivach, V.M.,
Sorption-structure correlations in the series of alkyl derivatives of naphthalene,
J. Anal. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 1997, 52, 1, 21-27. [all data]
Malyukova, Berezkin, et al., 1997
Malyukova, I.V.; Berezkin, V.G.; Kramers, K.; Jansen, H.G.,
Capillary chromatrography of hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Use of sulphur hexafluoride as the carrier gas,
Pet. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 1997, 37, 3, 265-272. [all data]
Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997
Zhang, M.; Chen, B.; Shen, S.; Chen, S.,
Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by g.c.-FT-i.r. analysis of middle oil fractions,
Fuel, 1997, 76, 5, 415-423, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(97)85518-4
. [all data]
Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992
Reddy, K.S.; Dutoit, J.-Cl.; Kovats, E. sz.,
Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography. I. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with non-associated primary alcohol groups,
J. Chromatogr., 1992, 609, 1-2, 229-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80167-S
. [all data]
Zhang, Li, et al., 1992
Zhang, M.J.; Li, S.D.; Chen, B.J.,
Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by GC/FTIR analysis of light oil fractions,
Chromatographia, 1992, 33, 3/4, 138-146, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275894
. [all data]
Farkas, Sojak, et al., 1989
Farkas, P.; Sojak, L.; Kovac, M.; Janak, J.,
Interface Adsorption and Reproducibility of Retention Indices in Glass Capillary Columns with Dimethylpolysiloxane Stationary Phases Cross-Linked by γ-Irradiation,
J. Chromatogr., 1989, 471, 251-261, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)94173-6
. [all data]
Bemgård, Blomberg, et al., 1987
Bemgård, A.; Blomberg, L.; Lymann, M.; Claude, S.; Tabacchi, R.,
Siloxane/silarylene copolymers as stationary phases for capillary gas chromatography. Part I: Evaluation of silanol terminated dimethyl substituted polymers,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1987, 10, 5, 302-318, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240100516
. [all data]
Berlizov, Berezkin, et al., 1986
Berlizov, Yu.S.; Berezkin, V.G.; Korolev, A.A.; Nabivach, W.M.; Triska, J.; Holik, R.; Vodicka, L.,
Investigation of chromatographic properties of gass and quartz capillary columns,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1986, 519-522. [all data]
Antal, 1984
Antal, J.,
Adatok az alkil-naftalinok gáz-folyadék kromatográfiájához, I.,
Magy. Kem. Foly., 1984, 90, 121-125. [all data]
Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984
Oszczapowicz, J.; Osek, J.; Dolecka, E.,
Retention indices of dimethylformamidines, dimethylacetamidines and tetramethylguanidines on a non-polar column,
J. Chromatogr., 1984, 315, 95-100, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)90727-7
. [all data]
Tóth, 1983
Tóth, T.,
Use of capillary gas chromatography in collecting retention and chemical information for the analysis of complex petrochemical mixtures,
J. Chromatogr., 1983, 279, 157-165, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)93614-3
. [all data]
Bredael, 1982
Bredael, P.,
Retention indices of hydrocarbons on SE-30,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1982, 5, 6, 325-328, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050610
. [all data]
Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982
Macák, J.; Nabivach, V.; Buryan, P.; Sindler, S.,
Dependence of retention indices of alkylbenzenes on their molecular structure,
J. Chromatogr., 1982, 234, 2, 285-302, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81867-1
. [all data]
Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981
Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M.,
Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions,
J. Chromatogr., 1981, 208, 1, 9-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)87953-4
. [all data]
Klemm, Shabtai, et al., 1981
Klemm, L.H.; Shabtai, J.; Bodily, K.C.,
Gas chromatography of some C13-C16 alkylnaphthalenes on Bentone 34, silicone fluid DC 550 and Apiezon L phases,
J. Chromatogr., 1981, 206, 2, 372-375, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)82549-2
. [all data]
Engewald, Wennrich, et al., 1979
Engewald, W.; Wennrich, L.; Ritter, E.,
Molekülstruktur und Retentionsverhalten. XII. Zur Retention von Alkylnaphthalinen Bei der Gasverteilungs- und Gas-Adsorptions-Chromatographie,
J. Chromatogr., 1979, 174, 2, 315-323, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86005-7
. [all data]
Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978
Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S.,
Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192. [all data]
Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978
Nabivach, V.M.; Bur'yan, P.; Matsak, I.,
Retention indices of aromatic hydrocarbons on a squalane capillary column,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1978, 33, 7, 1108-1113. [all data]
Shlyakhov, Anvaer, et al., 1975
Shlyakhov, A.F.; Anvaer, B.I.; Zolotareva, O.V.; Romina, N.N.; Novikova, N.V.; Koreshkova, R.I.,
On the possibility of group indentification of hydrocarbons by gas chromatography from temperature coefficients of retention indices,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1975, 30, 788-792. [all data]
Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974
Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A.,
Gas chromatographic analysis of complex hydrocarbon mixtures,
J. Chromatogr. A, 1974, 91, 633-648, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97944-0
. [all data]
Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974
Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D.; Cramers, C.A.,
Mechanisms of the thermal degradation of alkylbenzenes,
J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 659-675, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97946-4
. [all data]
Schomburg, 1966
Schomburg, G.,
Gaschromatographische Retentionsdaten und struktur chemischer verbindungen. III. Alkylverzweigte und ungesättigte cyclische Kohlenwasserstoffe,
J. Chromatogr., 1966, 23, 18-41, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)98653-4
. [all data]
Antheaume and Guiochon, 1965
Antheaume, J.; Guiochon, G.,
Application de la chromatographie en phase gazeuse à l'étude de la composition des fractions moyennes d'un brut pétrolier,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1965, 2, 298-307. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal, References
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