Naphthalene
- Formula: C10H8
- Molecular weight: 128.1705
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 91-20-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Albocarbon; Dezodorator; Moth flakes; Naphthalin; Naphthaline; Naphthene; Tar camphor; White tar; Camphor tar; Moth balls; Naftalen; NCI-C52904; Mighty 150; Mighty RD1; Rcra waste number U165; UN 1334; UN 2304; NSC 37565
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Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Innowax | Supelko CO Wax | HP Innowax | DB-FFAP | DB-FFAP |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 50. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.33 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Program | not specified | 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min) | 40 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 270 0C -> 260 0C (20 min) | 50 0C 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 250 0C | not specified |
I | 1763. | 1765. | 1763. | 1699. | 1694. |
Reference | Noorizadeh, Farmany, et al., 2011 | Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010 | Mancini, Arnold, et al., 2009 | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-Wax | SOLGel-Wax | SOLGel-Wax | DB-Wax | BP-20 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.32 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Program | not specified | 40 0C 7 0C/min -> 180 0C 10 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min) | not specified | 50 0C 20 0C/min -> 80 0C 3 0C/min -> 230 0C | 50C(1min) => 2.5C/min => 100C => 2C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 220C |
I | 1713. | 1729. | 1724. | 1701. | 1714. |
Reference | Zhao, Xu, et al., 2009 | Shu and Shen, 2008 | Shu and Shen, 2008 | Tao, Wenlai, et al., 2008 | Pontes, Marques, et al., 2007 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | BP-20 | Innowax FSC | HP-Innowax FSC | HP-Innowax | HP-Innowax FSC |
Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | 60. | 50. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | N2 |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 0.25 |
Program | 50C(1min) => 2.5C/min => 100C => 2C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 220C | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C | 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C (15min) => 10C/min => 270C | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C |
I | 1714. | 1763. | 1763. | 1763. | 1763. |
Reference | Pontes, Marques, et al., 2007 | Baser K.H.C., Ozek G., et al., 2006 | Erdurak, Coskun, et al., 2006 | Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2006 | Demirci, Demirci, et al., 2005 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | HP-Innowax FSC | Supelcowax-10 | HP-Innowax FSC |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 30. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Program | 30C(4min) => 2C/min => 170C(25min) => 10C/min => 210C(10min) | 30C(4min) => 2C/min => 170C(25min) => 10C/min => 210C(10min) | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C | 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C | 60C (10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C |
I | 1723. | 1734. | 1765. | 1730. | 1763. |
Reference | Lee, Lee, et al., 2005 | Lee, Lee, et al., 2005 | Sezik E., Kocakulak E., et al., 2005 | Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2005 | Demirci, Baser, et al., 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP Innowax FSP | HP Innowax FSP | HP-Innowax FSC | Innowax | Innowax FSC |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Program | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 200C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C | 60C(10 min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C |
I | 1763. | 1763. | 1763. | 1765. | 1765. |
Reference | Tasdemir, Demirci, et al., 2003 | Tasdemir, Demirci, et al., 2003 | Kirimer N., Tabanea N., et al., 2001 | Özcan, Akgül, et al., 2001 | Kirimer, Tabanca, et al., 2000 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Innowax FSC | Innowax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 30. | ||
Carrier gas | Helium | ||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.53 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1.0 | ||
Program | 60 0C (10 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 0C/min -> 240 0C | 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C | 40 0C (4 min) 4 0C/min -> 200 0C (20 min) | not specified | not specified |
I | 1765. | 1762. | 1739. | 1722. | 1739. |
Reference | Kirimer, Tabanca, et al., 1999 | Baser, Kürkcüoglu, et al., 1998 | Peng, 1996 | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991 | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|
Active phase | Superox 0.6; Carbowax 20M | Superox 0.6; Carbowax 20M |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. |
Carrier gas | Hydrogen | Hydrogen |
Substrate | ||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | ||
Program | not specified | not specified |
I | 1709. | 1720. |
Reference | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Waggott and Davies, 1984 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Noorizadeh, Farmany, et al., 2011
Noorizadeh, H.; Farmany, A.; Noorizadeh, M.,
Quantitative structure-retention relationships analysis of retention index of essential oils,
Quim. Nova, 2011, 34, 2, 242-249, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422011000200014
. [all data]
Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010
Vekiari, S.A.; Orepoulou, V.; Kourkoutas, Y.; Kamoun, N.; Msallem, M.; Psimouli, V.; Arapoglou, D.,
Characterization and seasonal variations of the quality of virgin olive oil of the Thoumbolia and Koroneiki varieties from Southern Greece,
Grasas y Aceites, 2010, 61, 3, 221-231, https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.108709
. [all data]
Mancini, Arnold, et al., 2009
Mancini, E.; Arnold, N.A.; De Martino, L.; De Feo, V.; Formisano, C.; Rigano, D.; Senatore, F.,
Chemical composition and phytotoxic effects of essential oils of Salvia hierosolymitana Boiss. and Salvia multicaulis Vahl. var. simplicifolia Boiss. growing wild in Lebanon,
Molecules, 2009, 14, 11, 4725-4736, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14114725
. [all data]
Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009
Mebazaa, R.; Mahmoudi, A.; Fouchet, M.; Dos Santos, M.; Kamissoko, F.; Nafti, A.; Ben Cheikh, R.; Rega, B.; Camel, V.,
Characterization of volatile compounds in Tunisian fenugreek seeds,
Food Chem., 2009, 115, 4, 1326-1336, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.01.066
. [all data]
Zhao, Xu, et al., 2009
Zhao, Y.; Xu, Y.; Li, J.; Fan, W.; Jiang, W.,
Profile of volatile compounds in 11 brandies by headspace solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
J. Food. Sci., 2009, 74, 2, c90-c99, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01029.x
. [all data]
Shu and Shen, 2008
Shu, N.; Shen, H.,
Aroma-impact compounds in Lysimachia foenum-graecum extracts,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2008, 24, 1, 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1908
. [all data]
Tao, Wenlai, et al., 2008
Tao, L.; Wenlai, F.; Yan, X.,
Characterization of volatile and semi-volatile compounds in Chinese rica wines by headspace solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry,
J. Inst. Brew., 2008, 114, 2, 172-179, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2050-0416.2008.tb00323.x
. [all data]
Pontes, Marques, et al., 2007
Pontes, M.; Marques, J.C.; Camara, J.S.,
Screening of volatile composition from Portuguese multifloral honeys using headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry,
Talanta, 2007, 74, 1, 91-103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.05.037
. [all data]
Baser K.H.C., Ozek G., et al., 2006
Baser K.H.C.; Ozek G.; Ozek T.; Duran A.,
Composition of the essential oil of Centaurea huber-morathii Wagenitz isolated from seeds by microdistillation,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 568-570, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1620
. [all data]
Erdurak, Coskun, et al., 2006
Erdurak, C.S.; Coskun, M.; Demirci, B.; Baser, K.H.C.,
Composition of the essential oil of fruits and roots of Ferulago isaurica Pesmen and F. syriaca Boiss. (Umbelliferae) from Turkey,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 118-121, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1540
. [all data]
Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2006
Senatore, F.; Apostolides Arnold, N.; Piozzi, F.; Formisano, C.,
Chemical composition of the essential oil of Salvia microstegia Boiss. et Balansa growing wild in Lebanon,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2006, 1108, 2, 276-278, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.01.066
. [all data]
Demirci, Demirci, et al., 2005
Demirci, B.; Demirci, F.; Dönmez, A.A.; Franz, G.; Paper, D.H.; Baser, K.H.C.,
Effects of Salvia essential oils on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay,
Pharm. Biol., 2005, 43, 8, 666-671, https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200500383397
. [all data]
Lee, Lee, et al., 2005
Lee, K.-G.; Lee, S.-E.; Takeoka, G.R.; Kim, J.-H.; Park, B.-S.,
Antioxidant activity and characterization of volatile constituents of beechwood creosote,
J. Sci. Food Agric., 2005, 85, 9, 1580-1586, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2156
. [all data]
Sezik E., Kocakulak E., et al., 2005
Sezik E.; Kocakulak E.; Baser K.H.C.; Ozek T.,
Composition of the essential oils of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp macrocarpa from Turkey,
Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, 41, 3, 352-354, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-005-0149-0
. [all data]
Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2005
Vichi, S.; Pizzale, L.; Conte, L.S.; Buxaderas, S.; L´opez-Tamames, E.,
Simultaneous determination of volatile and semi-volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in virgin olive oil by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2005, 1090, 1-2, 146-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.07.007
. [all data]
Demirci, Baser, et al., 2003
Demirci, B.; Baser, K.H.C.; Yildiz, B.; Bahcecioglu, Z.,
Composition of the essential oils of six endemic Salvia spp. from Turkey,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 2, 116-121, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1173
. [all data]
Tasdemir, Demirci, et al., 2003
Tasdemir, D.; Demirci, B.; Demirci, F.; Dönmez, A.A.; Baser, K.H.C.; Rüedi, P.,
Analysis of the Volatile Components of Five Turkish Rhododendron Species by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and GC-MS (HS-SPME-GC-MS),
Z. Naturforsch., 2003, 58c, 797-803. [all data]
Kirimer N., Tabanea N., et al., 2001
Kirimer N.; Tabanea N.; Demirci B.; Baser K.H.C.; Duman H.; Aytac Z.,
The essential oil of a new Sideritis species: Sideritis ozturkii Aytac and Aksoy,
Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2001, 37, 3, 234-237, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012561806033
. [all data]
Özcan, Akgül, et al., 2001
Özcan, M.; Akgül, A.; Bascr, K.H.C.; Özck, T.; Tabanca, N.,
Essential oil composition of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum) form Turkey,
Nahrung/Food, 2001, 45, 5, 353-356, https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3803(20011001)45:5<353::AID-FOOD353>3.0.CO;2-4
. [all data]
Kirimer, Tabanca, et al., 2000
Kirimer, N.; Tabanca, N.; Özek, T.; Tümen, G.; Baser, K.H.C.,
Essential oils of annual Sideritis species growing in Turkey,
Pharm. Biol., 2000, 38, 2, 106-111, https://doi.org/10.1076/1388-0209(200004)3821-1FT106
. [all data]
Kirimer, Tabanca, et al., 1999
Kirimer, N.; Tabanca, N.; Ozek, T.; Basher, K.H.C.; Tumen, G.,
Composition of essential oils from two endemic Sideritis species of Turkey,
Chem. Natural Comp., 1999, 35, 1, 61-64, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02238211
. [all data]
Baser, Kürkcüoglu, et al., 1998
Baser, K.H.C.; Kürkcüoglu, M.; Aytac, Z.,
Composition of the essential oil of Salvia euphratica Montbret ex Bentham var. euphratica from Turkey,
Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 1, 63-64, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199801/02)13:1<63::AID-FFJ694>3.0.CO;2-Z
. [all data]
Peng, 1996
Peng, C.T.,
Gas chromatographic identification of aromatic hydrocarbons
in Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry, Cook, G.T.; Harkness, D.D.; MacKenzie, A.B.; Miller, B.F.; Scott, E.M., ed(s)., 1996, 221-232. [all data]
Peng, Yang, et al., 1991
Peng, C.T.; Yang, Z.C.; Ding, S.F.,
Prediction of rentention idexes. II. Structure-retention index relationship on polar columns,
J. Chromatogr., 1991, 586, 1, 85-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(91)80028-F
. [all data]
Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W.,
Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program, References
- Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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