Thymol

Formula: C₁₀H₁₄O
Molecular weight: 150.2176
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H14O/c1-7(2)9-5-4-8(3)6-10(9)11/h4-7,11H,1-3H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 89-83-8
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Phenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-; p-Cymen-3-ol; Thyme camphor; 2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenol; 3-Hydroxy-p-cymene; 3-Methyl-6-isopropylphenol; 5-Methyl-2-isopropylphenol; 6-Isopropyl-m-cresol; 6-Isopropyl-3-methylphenol; m-Cresol, 6-isopropyl-; p-Cymene, 3-hydroxy-; Phenol, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-; Thymic acid; 1-Hydroxy-5-methyl-2-isopropylbenzene; 1-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4-isopropylbenzene; 3-p-Cymenol; 3-Hydroxy-1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene; 5-Methyl-2-isopropyl-1-phenol; 5-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)phenol; Isopropyl-m-cresol; m-Thymol; 2-Hydroxy-1-isopropyl-4-methylbenzene; NSC 11215; 2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenol (thymol); Isopropyl cresol
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Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	RTX-Wax	TC-Wax	Supelcowax	TC-WAX	RTX-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	Nitrogen	Helium	Helium
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.25	0.35	0.25	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25		0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	230.	230.	230.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	4.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)		3.		3.
Final hold (min)	5.		40.		30.
I	2149.	2191.	2187.	2177.	2145.
Reference	Bendiabdellah, El Amine Dib, et al., 2012	Miyazawa, Fujita, et al., 2010	Gauvin-Bialecki and Marodon, 2009	Miyazawa, Tomita, et al., 2009	Museli, Pau, et al., 2009
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax	CP Wax 52 CB	Carbowax
Column length (m)	30.	50.	30.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium	Helium	N2	Helium	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.20	0.25	0.25	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.20	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	45.	50.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	190.	240.	220.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	6.	4.	5.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)	1.	2.	1.		8.
Final hold (min)	4.	50.	4.		15.
I	2207.	2171.	2180.	2162.	2167.
Reference	Seo, Kim, et al., 2009	Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008	Cheraif, Ben Jannet, et al., 2007	Chen, Chyau, et al., 2007	Ferhat, Tigrine-Kordjani, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax	BP-20	BP-20	BP-20
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	50.	50.
Carrier gas	Helium	He	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.22	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	240.	220.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)	5.
Final hold (min)		20.	20.	20.	20.
I	2198.	2174.	2178.	2185.	2189.
Reference	Formisano, Rigano, et al., 2007	Hachicha, Skanji, et al., 2007	Boti, Muselli, et al., 2006	Boti, Yao, et al., 2006	Fanciullino, Tomi, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-20	CP-Wax 52CB	NB-20M	Innowax	HP-Innowax
Column length (m)	50.	30.	30.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.32	0.2	0.2	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5	0.17
T_start (C)	60.	60.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	250.	250.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.3	2.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)		7.			3.
Final hold (min)	20.	3.		60.	15.
I	2189.	2202.	2193.	2162.	2176.
Reference	Fanciullino, Tomi, et al., 2006	Hymete, Rohloff, et al., 2006	Orav, Raal, et al., 2006	Bendimerad and Bendiab, 2005	Ferretti, Maggi, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Wax	TC-FFAP	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	60.	30.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.4	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	50.	70.	40.
T_end (C)	180.	220.	180.	230.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	3.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)	2.			2.
Final hold (min)		30.	40.	20.	10.
I	2175.	2200.	2179.	2180.	2178.
Reference	Ka, Choi, et al., 2005	Kurose and Yatagai, 2005	Lee, Umano, et al., 2005	Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005	Salehi, Sonboli, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-20	SW-10	Supelcowax-10	TC-Wax	TC-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	50.	30.	60.	60.
Carrier gas		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.20	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	60.	80.	80.
T_end (C)	220.	230.	240.	240.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	4.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)	20.
I	2188.	2153.	2143.	2191.	2166.
Reference	Blanc, Muselli, et al., 2004	Raal, Paaver, et al., 2004	Cabanillas, Lopez, et al., 2003	Miyazawa, Teranishi, et al., 2003	Miyazawa, Yamafuji, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	BP-20	Innowax
Column length (m)	60.	30.	30.	50.	60.
Carrier gas	Helium			He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	30.	30.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	210.	250.	250.	230.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	4.	4.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)		1.	1.		10.
Final hold (min)	60.			35.	10.
I	2185.	2188.	2198.	2189.	2198.
Reference	Mookdasanit, Tamura, et al., 2003	Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003	Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003	Lota, de Rocca Serra, et al., 2001	Baser, Özek, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Innowax	DB-Wax	HP Innowax FSP	Innowax	HP-Innowax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	Nitrogen	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	200.	220.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.
Initial hold (min)	10.	10.	10.	10.	10.
Final hold (min)	10.		10.
I	2205.	2189.	2205.	2205.	2205.
Reference	Baser, Özek, et al., 2000	Tamura, Boonbumrung, et al., 2000	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 2	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 3
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	FFAP	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Supelcowax	HP-Innowax FSC
Column length (m)	25.	60.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.25		0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25		0.25
T_start (C)	70.	40.	60.	80.	60.
T_end (C)	210.	200.	220.	240.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	5.	5.	4.
Initial hold (min)	10.	2.			10.
Final hold (min)					10.
I	2196.	2166.	2190.	2172.	2205.
Reference	Mockute and Bernotiene, 1999	Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999	Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1999	Näf and Velluz, 1998	Tümen, Baser, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	HP-Innowax FSC	TC-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	H2	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	80.	60.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	240.	240.	240.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	4.	3.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)		10.	5.	10.	2.
Final hold (min)		10.
I	2172.	2205.	2195.	2148.	2205.
Reference	Werkhoff, Güntert, et al., 1998	Baser, Kirimer, et al., 1997	Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996	Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992	Wyllie, Brophy, et al., 1990
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Packed
Active phase	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	2.
Carrier gas	Hydrogen
Substrate	Gas-Chrom Z (80-100 mesh)
Column diameter (mm)
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	65.
T_end (C)	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	2153.
Reference	Stancher and Pertoldi, 1967
Comment	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Bendiabdellah, El Amine Dib, et al., 2012
Bendiabdellah, A.; El Amine Dib, M.; Djabou, N.; Allali, H.; Tabti, B.; Costa, J.; Myseli, A., Biological activities and volatile cinstituents of Daucus muricatus L. from Algeria, Chem. Centr. J., 2012, 6, 48, 1-22. [all data]

Miyazawa, Fujita, et al., 2010
Miyazawa, N.; Fujita, A.; Kubota, K., Aroma character impact compounds in Kinokuni Mandarin Orange (Citrus kinikuni) compared with Satsuma Mandarin Orange, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 2010, 74, 4, 835-842, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.90937 . [all data]

Gauvin-Bialecki and Marodon, 2009
Gauvin-Bialecki, A.; Marodon, C., Essential oil of Ayapana triplinervis from Reunion island: a good natural source of thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether, Biochem. Systematics Ecol., 2009, 36, 11, 853-858, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2008.09.006 . [all data]

Miyazawa, Tomita, et al., 2009
Miyazawa, N.; Tomita, N.; Kurobayashi, Y.; Nakanishi, A.; Ohkubo, Y.; Maeda, T.; Fujita, A., Novel character impact compounds in Yuzu (Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka) Peel oil, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 5, 1990-1996, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf803257x . [all data]

Museli, Pau, et al., 2009
Museli, A.; Pau, M.; Desjobert, J.-M.; Foddai, M.; Usai, M.; Costa, J., Volatile constituents of Achllea ligustica All. by HS-SPME/GC/GC-MS. Comparison with essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from Corsica and Sardinia, Chromatographia, 2009, 69, 5/6, 575-585, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-008-0939-1 . [all data]

Seo, Kim, et al., 2009
Seo, S.-M.; Kim, J.; Lee, S.-G.; Shin, C.-H.; Shin, S.-C.; Park, I.-K., Fumigant antitermitic activity of plant essential oils and components from Aiowan (Trachyspermum ammi), Allspice (Pimenta dioica), Caraway (Carum carvi), Dill (Anethum graveolens), Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens), and Litsea (Litsea cubeba( oils against Japanese termite (Reticulitermes speratus Kolbe), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 15, 6596-6602. [all data]

Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008
Soria, A.C.; Sanz, J.; Martinez-Castro, I., SPME followed by GC-MS: a powerful technique for qualitative analysis of honey volatiles, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2008, 1-12. [all data]

Cheraif, Ben Jannet, et al., 2007
Cheraif, I.; Ben Jannet, H.; Hammami, M.; Khouja, M.L.; Mighri, Z., Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Cupressus arizonica Greene, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2007, 35, 12, 813-820, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2007.05.009 . [all data]

Chen, Chyau, et al., 2007
Chen, C.-C.; Chyau, C.-C.; Hseu, TY.-H., Production of a COX-2 inhibitor, 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde, with submerged cultured Antrodia camphorata, Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 2007, 44, 4, 387-392, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2006.02087.x . [all data]

Ferhat, Tigrine-Kordjani, et al., 2007
Ferhat, M.A.; Tigrine-Kordjani, N.; Chemat, S.; Meklati, B.Y.; Chemat, F., Rapid Extraction of Volatile Compounds Using a New Simultaneous Microwave Distillation: Solvent Extraction Device, Chromatographia, 2007, 65, 3-4, 217-222, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-006-0130-5 . [all data]

Formisano, Rigano, et al., 2007
Formisano, C.; Rigano, D.; Napolitano, F.; Senatore, F.; Arnold, N.A.; Piozzi, F.; Rosselli, S., Volatile constituents of Calamintha ariganifolia Boiss. growing wild in Lebanon, Natural Product Communications, 2007, 2, 12, 1253-1256. [all data]

Hachicha, Skanji, et al., 2007
Hachicha, S.F.; Skanji, T.; Barrek, S.; Ghrabi, Z.G.; Zarrouk, H., Composition of the essential oil of Teucrium ramosissimum Desf. (Lamiaceae) from Tunisia, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 2, 101-104, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1764 . [all data]

Boti, Muselli, et al., 2006
Boti, J.B.; Muselli, A.; Tomi, F.; Koukoua, G.; N'Guessan, T.Y.; Costa, J.; Casanova, J., Combined analysis of Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. leaf oil from Ivory Coast by GC/RI, GC/MS and ¹³C-NMR, C.R. Chim., 2006, 9, 1, 164-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crci.2005.10.003 . [all data]

Boti, Yao, et al., 2006
Boti, J.B.; Yao, P.A.; Koukoua, G.; N'Guessan, T.Y.; Casanova, J., Components and chemical variability of Isolona campanulata Engler Diels leaf oil, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 166-170, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1555 . [all data]

Fanciullino, Tomi, et al., 2006
Fanciullino, A.-L.; Tomi, F.; Luro, F.; Desjobert, J.M.; Casanova, J., Chemical variability of peel and leaf oils of mandarins, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 2, 359-367, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1658 . [all data]

Hymete, Rohloff, et al., 2006
Hymete, A.; Rohloff, J.; Iversen, T.-H., Essential oil from seeds and husks of Aframomum corrorima from Ethiopia, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 4, 642-644, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1634 . [all data]

Orav, Raal, et al., 2006
Orav, A.; Raal, A.; Arak, E.; Müürisepp, M.; Kailas, T., Composition of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium L. of different geographical origin, Proc. Est. Acad. Sci. Chem., 2006, 55, 3, 155-165. [all data]

Bendimerad and Bendiab, 2005
Bendimerad, N.; Bendiab, S.A.T., Composition and antibacterial activity of Pseudocytisus integrifolius (Salisb.) essential oil from Algeria, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 8, 2947-2952, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf047937u . [all data]

Ferretti, Maggi, et al., 2005
Ferretti, G.; Maggi, F.; Tirillini, B., Essential oil composition of Hypericum richeri Vill. from Italy, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 3, 295-298, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1412 . [all data]

Ka, Choi, et al., 2005
Ka, M.-H.; Choi, E.H.; Chun, H.-S.; Lee, K.-G., Antioxidative Activity of Volatile Extracts Isolated from Angelica tenuissimae Roots, Peppermint Leaves, Pine Needles, and Sweet Flag Leaves, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 10, 4124-4129, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf047932x . [all data]

Kurose and Yatagai, 2005
Kurose, K.; Yatagai, M., Components of the essential oils of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Azadirachta siamensis Velton, and Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) Jacobs and their comparison, J. Wood Sci., 2005, 51, 2, 185-188, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-004-0640-4 . [all data]

Lee, Umano, et al., 2005
Lee, S.-J.; Umano, K.; Shibamoto, T.; Lee, K.-G., Identification of volatile components in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and thyme leaves (Thymus vulgaris L.) and their antioxidant properties, Food Chem., 2005, 91, 1, 131-137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.05.056 . [all data]

Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005
Njoroge, S.M.; Koaze, H.; Mwaniki, M.; Minh Tu, N.T.; Sawamura, M., Essential oils of Kenyan Citrus fruits: volatile components of two varieties of mandarins (Citrus reticulata) and a tangelo (C. paradisi × C. tangerina), Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 1, 74-79, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1376 . [all data]

Salehi, Sonboli, et al., 2005
Salehi, P.; Sonboli, A.; Eftekhar, F.; Nejad-Ebrahimi, S.; Yousefzadi, M., Essential Oil Composition, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of the Oil and Various Extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. rigida (BOISS.) RECH. f. from Iran, Biol. Pharm. Bull., 2005, 28, 10, 1892-1896, https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.28.1892 . [all data]

Blanc, Muselli, et al., 2004
Blanc, M.-C.; Muselli, A.; Bradesi, P.; Casanova, J., Chemical composition and variability of the essential oil of Inula graveolens from Corsica, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 4, 314-319, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1304 . [all data]

Raal, Paaver, et al., 2004
Raal, A.; Paaver, U.; Arak, E.; Orav, A., Content and composition of the essential oil of Thymus serpyllum L. growing wild in Estonia, Medicina (Kaunas), 2004, 40, 8, 795-800. [all data]

Cabanillas, Lopez, et al., 2003
Cabanillas, C.M.; Lopez, M.L.; Daniele, G.; Zygadlo, J.A., Essential oil composition of Aloysia polystachya (Griseb.) Moldenke under rust disease, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 446-448, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1249 . [all data]

Miyazawa, Teranishi, et al., 2003
Miyazawa, M.; Teranishi, A.; Ishikawa, Y., Components of the essential oil from Petasites japonicus, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 3, 231-233, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1203 . [all data]

Miyazawa, Yamafuji, et al., 2003
Miyazawa, M.; Yamafuji, C.; Kurose, K.; Ishikawa, Y., Volatile components of the rhizomes of Cirsium japonicum DC, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 1, 15-17, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1135 . [all data]

Mookdasanit, Tamura, et al., 2003
Mookdasanit, J.; Tamura, H.; Yoshizawa T.; Tokunaga T.; Nakanishi, K., Trace Volatile Compounds in Essential Oil of Citrus Sudachi by Means of Modified Solvent Extraction Method, Food Sci Technol. Res., 2003, 9, 1, 54-61, https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.9.54 . [all data]

Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003
Tanaka, T.; Yamauchi, T.; Katsumata, R.; Kiuchi, K., Comparison of volatile components in commercial Itohiki-Natto by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography, Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi, 2003, 50, 6, 278-285, https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk.50.278 . [all data]

Lota, de Rocca Serra, et al., 2001
Lota, M.-L.; de Rocca Serra, D.; Tomi, F.; Casanova, J., Chemical variability of peel and leaf essential oils of 15 species of mandarins, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2001, 29, 1, 77-104, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00029-6 . [all data]

Baser, Özek, et al., 2000
Baser, K.H.C.; Özek, T.; Demirci, B.; Kürkcüoglu, M.; Aytac, Z.; Duman, H., Composition of the essential oils of Zosima absinthifolia (Vent.) Link and Ferula elaeochytris Korovin from Turkey, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 6, 371-372, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200011/12)15:6<371::AID-FFJ919>3.0.CO;2-Z . [all data]

Tamura, Boonbumrung, et al., 2000
Tamura, H.; Boonbumrung, S.; Yoshizawa, T.; Varanyanond, W., Volatile components of the essential oil in the pulp of four yellow mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) in Thailand, Food Sci. Technol. Res., 2000, 6, 1, 68-73, https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.6.68 . [all data]

Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999
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Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999, 3
Kaya, A.; Baser, K.H.C.; Tümen, G.; Koca, F., The essential oil of Acinos suaveolens (Sm.) G. Don fil. Acinos arvensis (Lam.) Dandy and Acinos rotundifolius Pers. growing wild in Turkey, Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 60-64, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<60::AID-FFJ785>3.0.CO;2-0 . [all data]

Mockute and Bernotiene, 1999
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Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999
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Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1999
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Näf and Velluz, 1998
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Tümen, Baser, et al., 1998
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Werkhoff, Güntert, et al., 1998
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Baser, Kirimer, et al., 1997
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Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996
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Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992
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Wyllie, Brophy, et al., 1990
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Stancher and Pertoldi, 1967
Stancher, B.; Pertoldi, M.G., Characterization of commercial materials used in synthetic essential oil production. Identification and gas-chromatographic determination of impurities, Rassegna chimica, 1967, 19, 3, 99-109. [all data]

Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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