α-Pinene

Formula: C₁₀H₁₆
Molecular weight: 136.2340
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-7-4-5-8-6-9(7)10(8,2)3/h4,8-9H,5-6H2,1-3H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 80-56-8
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Species with the same structure:
- α-Pinene
Stereoisomers:
- (1S)-2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
- (1R)-2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
Other names: Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-; 2-Pinene; 2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene; Pinene, α; 2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo(3.1.1)-2-hept-2-ene; 2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]-2-heptene; Acintene A; 4,6,6-Trimethylbicyklo(3,1,1)hept-3-en; UN 2368; alpha-Pinene; PC 500; Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-, (.+/-.)-; Sylvapine A; (.+/-.)-α-Pinene; NSC 7727; Pinene; (+)-α-pinene; 2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3,1,1]-heptene (α-pinene); α-Pinene [1R-(+), 1S-(-) ]; 2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo-[3,1,1]-2-heptene (α-pinene); pin-2(3)-ene
Information on this page:
Other data available:
Data at other public NIST sites:
- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	DB-1	DB-5MS	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.26	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	60.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	240.	246.	280.	180.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	5.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)	3.		3.		8.
Final hold (min)				15.	30.
I	917.	939.	933.	931.	939.
Reference	Kartal N., Sokmen M., et al., 2007	Adams, González Elizondo, et al., 2006	Allegrone, Belliardo, et al., 2006	Angioni, Barra, et al., 2006	Hazzit, Baaliouamer, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	DB-5MS	HP-5	BP-1
Column length (m)	60.	30.	30.	25.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He		N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.33	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	250.		280.	240.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)	1.
Final hold (min)	20.		30.		13.
I	940.	940.	917.	938.	934.
Reference	Jalali-Heravi, Zekavat, et al., 2006	Lucero, Fredrickson, et al., 2006	Marongiu, Porcedda, et al., 2006	Oliveira, Leitao, et al., 2006	Raina, Verma, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	CP Sil 8 CB	CP Sil 8 CB	SPB-1	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	H2	H2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.26
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	50.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	240.	246.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	3.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)		2.	2.	4.
Final hold (min)	3.			2.
I	932.	945.	945.	932.	939.
Reference	Srivastava, Srivastava, et al., 2006	Tayoub, Schwob, et al., 2006	Tayoub, Schwob, et al., 2006, 2	Walde, Jyothirmayi, et al., 2006	Adams, Morris, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	HP-5MS	BP-5	DB-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	10.	30.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.26	0.1	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.1	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	50.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	246.	240.	250.	260.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	3.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)		5.	10.	2.
Final hold (min)		10.	5.	5.
I	939.	917.	939.	938.	940.
Reference	Adams and Nguyen, 2005	Asfaw, Licence, et al., 2005	Asuming, Beauchamp, et al., 2005	Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2005	Maia, Andrade, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	DB-5MS	SPB-1	BPX-5
Column length (m)	30.		30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	Helium		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25		0.25	0.32	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	255.	240.	180.	250.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)			15.	2.
Final hold (min)				5.
I	940.	939.	936.	927.	930.
Reference	Medina, Lucero, et al., 2005	Shatar S., 2005	Angioni, Barra, et al., 2004	Behera, Nagarajan, et al., 2004	El-Ghorab, Mansour, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SPB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5	HP-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	60.	30.	30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	1.	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	260.	280.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	3.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)		1.		5.	6.
Final hold (min)	30.	15.		25.	15.
I	936.	937.	938.	942.	932.
Reference	Gauvin, Lecomte, et al., 2004	Juliani, Zygadlo, et al., 2004	Lopes, Strobl, et al., 2004	Mahmood, Kaul, et al., 2004	Merle, Morón, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	CP Sil 5 CB	CP Sil 8 CB	HP-5MS	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	25.	30.	30.	50.
Carrier gas	He	H2	H2	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.15	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	50.	70.	95.
T_end (C)	220.	230.	220.	250.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	3.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)	4.		2.	5.
Final hold (min)
I	939.	939.	938.	929.	934.
Reference	Morteza-Semnani, Azadbakht, et al., 2004	Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2004	Schwob, Bessiere, et al., 2004	Siani, Garrido, et al., 2004	Velasco-Negueruela, Sanz, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SPB-1	DB-5	DB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5
Column length (m)	30.	25.	50.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25	1.
T_start (C)	50.	40.	50.	50.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	280.	280.	280.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	3.	5.	4.	5.
Initial hold (min)	2.	5.	2.	2.	1.
Final hold (min)	5.	5.	10.	10.
I	933.	932.	944.	942.	940.
Reference	Yadav, Chauhan, et al., 2004	Amparo Blázquez, Pérez, et al., 2003	Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003	Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003, 2	Bouzouita, Kachouri, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	HP-5MS	DB-5	CP Sil 5 CB	CP Sil 5 CB
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	25.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.15	0.15
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	280.	280.		230.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	924.	928.	940.	941.	941.
Reference	Couladis, Chinou, et al., 2003	Gkinis, Tzakou, et al., 2003	Lucero, Estell, et al., 2003	Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2003	Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2003, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	BP-1	BP-1	DB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	25.	25.	30.	60.
Carrier gas	He	N2	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.55	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	1.
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	50.	40.
T_end (C)	280.	220.	220.	250.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	5.	0.5	3.
Initial hold (min)				5.	5.
Final hold (min)		15.	15.	10.	2.
I	925.	935.	939.	936.	943.
Reference	Özcan, Tzakou, et al., 2003	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2003	Srivastava, Ahmad, et al., 2003	Viña and Murillo, 2003	Buchin, Salmon, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	SPB-1	SE-30	HP-5
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.5	0.25		0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	240.	250.	225.	240.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	7.	2.	4.	4.
Initial hold (min)		3.	2.		1.
Final hold (min)		10.	5.		15.
I	944.	943.5	953.	937.	936.
Reference	El-Ghorab, Fadel, et al., 2002	El-Massry, El-Ghorab, et al., 2002	Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2002	Juliani, Koroch, et al., 2002	Juliani and Simon, 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP Sil 5 CB	HP-5	Methyl Silicone	SE-30	BP-1
Column length (m)	25.	30.	50.	25.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	60.	70.	70.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	240.	240.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	4.	4.	5.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)		20.
I	941.	939.	927.	928.	938.
Reference	Kasali, Adio, et al., 2002	Mita, Tsitsimpikou, et al., 2002	Palá-Paúl, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2002	Palá-Paúl, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2002	Raina, Lal, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	BP-1	Cross-Linked Methylsilicone	BP-1	BP-1
Column length (m)	25.	25.	50.	25.	25.
Carrier gas	N2	N2	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.55	0.2	0.5	0.5
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	100.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	280.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	4.	5.	5.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)	15.	15.		10.	10.
I	935.	935.	934.	935.	935.
Reference	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2002	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2002, 2	Rajeswara Rao, Kaul, et al., 2002	Rajeswara Rao, 2002	Rao B.R.R., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	HP-5MS	BP-1	HP-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	50.	25.
Carrier gas		He	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.5	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.20
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	60.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	220.	250.	220.	250.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	5.	2.5	5.
Initial hold (min)				5.
Final hold (min)	10.		13.
I	935.	936.	932.	930.	938.
Reference	Rao B.R.R., 2002	Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2002	Shawl, Srivastava, et al., 2002	Yáñez, Pinzón, et al., 2002	Akrout, Chemli, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	BP-1	HP-5	DB-5	DB-1
Column length (m)	25.	25.	25.	30.	28.
Carrier gas	N2	N2	H2	H2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.55	0.55	0.32	0.20	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.52		0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	40.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	240.	240.	270.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	4.	3.	4.5
Initial hold (min)					1.
Final hold (min)	15.	15.
I	933.	929.	939.	935.	930.
Reference	Jain, Aggarwal, et al., 2001	Jain, Srivastava, et al., 2001	Kitic, Palic, et al., 2001	Moreira, Sousa, et al., 2001	Nagalakshmi, Thangadurai, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	BP-1	DB-1	HP-5	DB-1
Column length (m)	50.	25.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.55	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	80.	60.	40.	60.	80.
T_end (C)	225.	220.	260.	280.	225.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	5.	2.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)			5.
Final hold (min)		15.	20.
I	926.	931.	929.	935.	928.
Reference	Palá-Paúl, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2001	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2001	Senatore and Rigano, 2001	Tzakou and Couladis, 2001	Abella, Cortella, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SE-54	DB-5	SE-54	DB-5	SE-30
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He		He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.26	0.26	0.26	0.26	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	70.
T_end (C)	246.	240.	246.	246.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	5.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)
I	939.	939.	939.	939.	930.
Reference	Adams, 2000	Adams, 2000, 2	Adams, 2000, 3	Adams, 2000, 4	Kardali, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	BP-1	BP-1	HP-5MS	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	25.	25.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	N2	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.5	0.50	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	60.	60.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	250.	220.	220.	280.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	5.	5.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)					5.
Final hold (min)		10.	10.
I	933.	935.	935.	942.	936.
Reference	Ramos, Siani, et al., 2000	Rao, Kaul, et al., 2000	Rao, Sastry, et al., 2000	Roussis, Tsoukatou, et al., 2000	Tzakou, Harvala, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	SE-30	SPB-1	CP Sil 5 CB	OV-101
Column length (m)	30.	25.	30.	25.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.26	0.2	0.32	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	50.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	246.	180.	250.	280.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	2.	5.	5.
Initial hold (min)		10.	3.
Final hold (min)			5.
I	939.	936.	937.	939.	934.
Reference	Adams, 1999	Jantan I. and Ahmad A.S., 1999	John, Rao, et al., 1999	Kaul, Gujral, et al., 1999	Kuiate, Zollo, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	HP-5	DB-5	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas			He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)			0.25	0.33	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	40.	70.
T_end (C)	240.	240.	280.	260.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	4.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)				5.	5.
Final hold (min)				20.
I	937.	939.	935.	910.	942.
Reference	Lopes, Kato, et al., 1999	Lopes, Kato, et al., 1999	Sajjadi and Ghassemi, 1999	Senatore and de Feo, 1999	Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	BP-1	BP-1	Methyl Silicone
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	50.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He			He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	240.	240.	260.	260.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	4.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)					2.
Final hold (min)					5.
I	936.	934.	934.	942.	940.
Reference	da Silva, Andrade, et al., 1999	da Silva, Zoghbi, et al., 1999	Vera and Chane-Ming, 1999	Vera and Chane-Ming, 1999	Adegoke, Rao, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-5	CP Sil 5 CB	BP-1	Methyl Silicone
Column length (m)	60.	30.	25.	25.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He		N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	40.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	280.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	5.	5.	5.
Initial hold (min)	5.	5.
Final hold (min)	10.	20.
I	928.	909.	927.	934.	936.
Reference	Bylaite, Venskutonis, et al., 1998	de Feo, Porta, et al., 1998	Kaul and Vats, 1998	Kulkarni, Mallavarapu, et al., 1998	Mallavarapu, Rao, et al., 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5	BP-1	DB-1	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	25.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.23	0.23
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	1.	0.13
T_start (C)	40.	60.	50.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	250.	240.	220.	200.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	4.	3.	4.	3.
Initial hold (min)	5.			2.
Final hold (min)	20.
I	910.	930.	938.	927.	929.
Reference	Senatore, 1998	Zoghbi, Andrade, et al., 1998	Breheret, Talou, et al., 1997	Breheret, Talou, et al., 1997	Fiorini, Fourasté, et al., 1997
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BPX-5	SPB-1	DB-5	DB-5	SE-30
Column length (m)	50.	30.	30.	30.	25.
Carrier gas	N2	He	He	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	40.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	185.	250.	250.	240.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	5.	2.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	10.	2.	5.		10.
Final hold (min)		5.	20.		1.
I	941.	953.	909.	938.	936.
Reference	Fournier, Hadjiakhoondi, et al., 1997	Jayaprakasha, Jaganmohan Rao, et al., 1997	Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1997	Tellez, Estell, et al., 1997	Jantan, Ahmad, et al., 1996
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	OV-101	OV-101	SE-30	DB-5	DB-5
Column length (m)	50.	25.	25.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	N2	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.2	0.25
T_start (C)	80.	50.	60.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	180.	210.	210.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	5.	3.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)			10.	2.	2.
Final hold (min)	60.		1.	120.	120.
I	938.	935.	936.	938.	938.
Reference	Padrayuttawat, Tamura, et al., 1996	von Poser, Menut, et al., 1996	Jantan, Ali, et al., 1995	Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995	Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	OV-101	DB-1	DB-5	SPB-1
Column length (m)	30.	25.	28.	30.	50.
Carrier gas		N2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)		0.25	0.25	0.13	0.20
Phase thickness (μm)			0.25
T_start (C)	40.	50.	50.	30.	35.
T_end (C)	210.	200.	270.	280.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	5.	4.	10.	3.
Initial hold (min)	2.		1.	2.	5.
Final hold (min)	120.			3.	20.
I	938.	935.	930.	937.	927.
Reference	Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995	Menut, Molangui, et al., 1995	Saad, El-Sharkawy, et al., 1995	Ramarathnam, Rubin, et al., 1993	Wong and Tie, 1993
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	SE-54	BP-1	OV-1	BP-1	OV-101
Column length (m)	30.	50.	23.	50.	100.
Carrier gas	He	He	H2	H2	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25		0.32	0.33	0.3
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25		0.3		0.15
T_start (C)	0.	-100.	50.	65.	90.
T_end (C)	250.	200.	200.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	12.	2.	3.	5.	2.
Initial hold (min)	12.			2.
Final hold (min)
I	928.	932.	929.	938.	940.
Reference	Rembold, Wallner, et al., 1989	Bartley, 1988	Bicchi, Frattini, et al., 1988	Ekundayo, Laakso, et al., 1988	Gaydou, Randriamiharisoa, et al., 1986
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-1	DB-1	SE-30	SE-30
Column length (m)	60.	60.	50.	50.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.5	0.5
Phase thickness (μm)	1.	1.
T_start (C)	40.	40.	40.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	170.	170.
Heat rate (K/min)	12.	4.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	4.		3.	3.
Final hold (min)
I	961.	951.	933.	934.
Reference	Burns and Tingey, 1983	Burns and Tingey, 1983	Greenberg, 1981	Greenberg, 1981
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

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Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2004
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Yadav, Chauhan, et al., 2004
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Amparo Blázquez, Pérez, et al., 2003
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Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003
Baranauskiene, R.; Venskutonis, R.P.; Demyttenaere, J.C.R., Sensory and instrumental evaluation of catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) aroma, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 13, 3840-3848, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf021187b . [all data]

Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003, 2
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Bouzouita, Kachouri, et al., 2003
Bouzouita, N.; Kachouri, F.; Hamdi, M.; Chaabouni, M.M., Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Tunisian aromatic plants, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 380-383, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1200 . [all data]

Couladis, Chinou, et al., 2003
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Gkinis, Tzakou, et al., 2003
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Lucero, Estell, et al., 2003
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Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2003
Ogunwande, I.A.; Olawore, N.O.; Adeleke, K.A.; Ekundayo, O.; Koenig, W.A., Chemical composition of the leaf volatile oil of Psidium guajava L. growing in Nigeria, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 2, 136-138, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1175 . [all data]

Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2003, 2
Ogunwande, I.A.; Olawore, N.O.; Kasali, A.A.; König, W.A., Chemical composition of the leaf volatile oils of Callitris intratropica R.T. Baker H.G. Smith from Nigeria, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 387-389, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1214 . [all data]

Özcan, Tzakou, et al., 2003
Özcan, M.; Tzakou, O.; Couladis, M., Essential oil composition of Turkish herbal tea (Salvia aucheri Bentham var. canescens Boiss. Heldr.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 4, 325-327, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1229 . [all data]

Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2003
Raina, V.K.; Srivastava, S.K.; Syamasunder, K.V., Essential oil composition of Acorus calamus L. from the lower region of the Himalayas, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 1, 18-20, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1136 . [all data]

Srivastava, Ahmad, et al., 2003
Srivastava, S.K.; Ahmad, A.; Syamsunder, K.V.; Aggarwal, K.K.; Shanuja, S.P.S., Essential oil composition of Callistemon viminalis leaves from India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 361-363, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1143 . [all data]

Viña and Murillo, 2003
Viña, A.; Murillo, E., Essential oil composition from twelve varieties of basil (Ocimum spp) grown in Columbia, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 2003, 14, 5, 744-749, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532003000500008 . [all data]

Buchin, Salmon, et al., 2002
Buchin, S.; Salmon, J.-C.; Carnat, A.-P.; Berger, T.; Bugaud, C.; Bosset, J.O., Identification de composés monoterpéniques, sesquiterpéniques et benzéniques dans un lait d'alpage très riche en ces substances, Mitt. Lebensmittelunters. Hyg., 2002, 93, 199-216. [all data]

El-Ghorab, Fadel, et al., 2002
El-Ghorab, A.H.; Fadel, H.M.; El-Massry, K.F., The Egyptian Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. brevirostris: chemical compositions of the fruit volatile oil and antioxidant activity, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 4, 306-312, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1085 . [all data]

El-Massry, El-Ghorab, et al., 2002
El-Massry, K.F.; El-Ghorab, A.H.; Farouk, A., Antioxidant activity and volatile components of Egyptian Artemisia judaica L., Food Chem., 2002, 79, 3, 331-336, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00164-4 . [all data]

Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2002
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Juliani, Koroch, et al., 2002
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Vera and Chane-Ming, 1999
Vera, R.R.; Chane-Ming, J., Chemical composition of the essential oil of marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) from Reunion Island, Food Chem., 1999, 66, 2, 143-145, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00018-1 . [all data]

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Saad, El-Sharkawy, et al., 1995
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Ramarathnam, Rubin, et al., 1993
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Wong and Tie, 1993
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Rembold, Wallner, et al., 1989
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Bartley, 1988
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Burns and Tingey, 1983
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Greenberg, 1981
Greenberg, M.J., Characterization of meat and bone meal flavor volatiles, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 6, 1276-1280, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00108a043 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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