Propanoic acid
- Formula: C3H6O2
- Molecular weight: 74.0785
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 79-09-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Propionic acid; Carboxyethane; Ethanecarboxylic acid; Ethylformic acid; Luprisol; Luprosil; Metacetonic acid; Prozoin; Pseudoacetic acid; C2H5COOH; Methylacetic acid; Acide propionique; Kyselina propionova; Propionic acid grain preserver; Sentry grain preserver; Tenox P grain preservative; UN 1848; MonoProp; Antischim B; Propkorn; Propcorn; n-Propionic acid
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Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | VF-Wax MS | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | HP-Innowax | HP-Innowax |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 30. | 50. | 30. |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 60. | 40. | 60. | 45. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 220. | 210. | 250. | 190. | 250. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 2. | 10. | 4. | 6.5 |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 2. | 2. | 1.5 |
Final hold (min) | 25. | 70. | 10. | 50. | 10. |
I | 1552. | 1557. | 1493. | 1556. | 1540. |
Reference | Duarte, Dias, et al., 2010 | Moon and Shibamoto, 2009 | Guo, Wu, et al., 2008 | Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008 | Thakeow, Angeli, et al., 2008 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | CP-Wax 52CB | RTX-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | N2 |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.32 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.32 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 50. | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 220. | 220. | 230. | 230. | 230. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 6. | 10. | 4. | 4. | 6. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 5. | 2. | 2. | 2. |
Final hold (min) | 20. | 10. | 5. | 15. | 15. |
I | 1564. | 1523. | 1525. | 1525. | 1561. |
Reference | Audino, Alzogaray, et al., 2007 | Prososki, Etzel, et al., 2007 | Xu, Fan, et al., 2007 | Fan and Qian, 2006 | Fan and Qian, 2006, 2 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Carbowax 20M | Stabilwax DA | ZB-Wax | ZB-Wax | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 50. | 60. | 30. | 30. | 60. |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 190. | 180. | 250. | 250. | 220. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 5. | 5. | 5. | 3. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 5. | 2. | 2. | 5. |
Final hold (min) | 30. | 5. | 5. | ||
I | 1542. | 1565. | 1543. | 1552. | 1556. |
Reference | de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005 | Nogueira, Lubachevsky, et al., 2005 | N/A | N/A | López, Ezpeleta, et al., 2004 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-Innowax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | Supelcowax-10 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 45. | 40. | 30. | 30. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 190. | 185. | 250. | 250. | 200. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 4. | 4. | 3. |
Initial hold (min) | 2. | 4. | 1. | 1. | 10. |
Final hold (min) | 50. | 20. | |||
I | 1558. | 1523. | 1537. | 1540. | 1528. |
Reference | Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004 | Lee and Noble, 2003 | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Supelcowax-10 | Supelcowax-10 | DB-Wax | FFAP | HP-FFAP |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 25. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1. | 0.52 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 40. | 35. | 60. |
Tend (C) | 200. | 200. | 250. | 240. | 240. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 3. | 8. | 5. | 5. |
Initial hold (min) | 10. | 10. | 5. | 3. | 1. |
Final hold (min) | 5. | 5. | |||
I | 1528. | 1531. | 1525. | 1525. | 1525. |
Reference | Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003 | Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003, 2 | Fu, Yoon, et al., 2002 | Lecanu, Ducruet, et al., 2002 | Qian and Reineccius, 2002 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Tstart (C) | 40. | 30. | 30. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 200. | 170. | 170. | 240. | 240. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 2. | 4. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 4. | 4. | 3. | 3. | |
Final hold (min) | 60. | 30. | 10. | 10. | |
I | 1521. | 1520. | 1520. | 1521. | 1535. |
Reference | Wei, Mura, et al., 2001 | Buttery, Orts, et al., 1999 | Buttery and Ling, 1998 | Parada and Duque, 1998 | Parada and Duque, 1998 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Innowax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax | DB-Wax |
Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | 60. | 30. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | |||
Tstart (C) | 40. | 60. | 50. | 20. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 240. | 180. | 200. | 230. | 200. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 6. | 2. | 3. | 5. | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 10. | 1. | 2. | ||
Final hold (min) | 25. | 40. | |||
I | 1550. | 1532. | 1547. | 1517. | 1541. |
Reference | Petersen, Poll, et al., 1998 | Sekiwa, Kubota, et al., 1997 | Wada and Shibamoto, 1997 | Christensen and Reineccius, 1995 | Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Carbowax 20M | DB-Wax | Carbowax 20M | Carbowax 20M | Supelcowax-10 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 30. | 50. | 50. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | ||||
Tstart (C) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 180. | 240. | 200. | 180. | 175. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 3. | 3. | 2. | 1. |
Initial hold (min) | 4. | 10. | 4. | 5. | |
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 1491. | 1490. | 1510. | 1491. | 1547. |
Reference | Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993 | Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992 | Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1992 | Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991 | Hsieh, Williams, et al., 1989 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary |
---|---|
Active phase | FFAP |
Column length (m) | 50. |
Carrier gas | He |
Substrate | |
Column diameter (mm) | 0.28 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |
Tstart (C) | 60. |
Tend (C) | 240. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. |
Final hold (min) | |
I | 1525. |
Reference | Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1988 |
Comment | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Duarte, Dias, et al., 2010
Duarte, W.F.; Dias, D.R.; Oliveira, J.M.; Teixeira, J.A.; de Almeida e Silva, J.B.; Schwan, R.F.,
Characterization of different fruit wines made from cacao,cupuassu, gabiroba, jaboticaba and umbu,
Food Sci. Technol., 2010, 43, 1564-1572. [all data]
Moon and Shibamoto, 2009
Moon, J.-K.; Shibamoto, T.,
Role of roasting conditions in the profile of volatile flavor chemicals formed from coffee beans,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 13, 5823-5831, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf901136e
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Guo, Wu, et al., 2008
Guo, L.; Wu, J.-Z.; Han, T.; Cao, T.; Rahman, K.; Qin, L.-P.,
Chemical composition, antifungal and antitumor properties of ether extracts of Scapania verrucosa Heeg. and its endophytic fungus Chaetomium fusiforme,
Molecules, 2008, 13, 9, 2114-2125, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13092114
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Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008
Soria, A.C.; Sanz, J.; Martinez-Castro, I.,
SPME followed by GC-MS: a powerful technique for qualitative analysis of honey volatiles,
Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2008, 1-12. [all data]
Thakeow, Angeli, et al., 2008
Thakeow, P.; Angeli, S.; Weissbecker, B.; Schutz, S.,
Antennal and behavioral responses of Cis boleti to fungal odor of Trametes gibbosa,
Chem. Senses, 2008, 33, 4, 379-387, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjn005
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Audino, Alzogaray, et al., 2007
Audino, P.G.; Alzogaray, R.A.; Vassena, C.; Masuh, H.; Fontán, A.; Gatti, P.; Martínez, A.; Camps, F.; Cork, A.; Zerba, E.,
Volatile compounds secreted by Brindley's glands of adult Triatoma infestans: identification and biological activity of previously unidentified compounds,
Journal of Vector Ecology, 2007, 32, 1, 75-82, https://doi.org/10.3376/1081-1710(2007)32[75:VCSBBO]2.0.CO;2
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Prososki, Etzel, et al., 2007
Prososki, R.A.; Etzel, M.R.; Rankin, S.A.,
Solvent type affects the number, distribution, and relative quantities of volatile compounds found in sweet whey powder,
J. Dairy Sci., 2007, 90, 2, 523-531, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(07)71535-7
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Xu, Fan, et al., 2007
Xu, Y.; Fan, W.; Qian, M.C.,
Characterization of Aroma Compounds in Apple Cider Using Solvent-Assisted Flavor Evaporation and Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 8, 3051-3057, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0631732
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Fan and Qian, 2006
Fan, W.; Qian, M.C.,
Characterization of Aroma Compounds of Chinese Wuliangye and Jiannanchun Liquors by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis,
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Fan and Qian, 2006, 2
Fan, W.; Qian, M.C.,
Identification of aroma compounds in Chinese 'Yanghe Daqu' liquor by normal phase chromatography fractionation followed by gas chromatography/olfactometry,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 2, 333-342, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1621
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de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005
de la Fuente, E.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanz, J.,
Characterization of Spanish unifloral honeys by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
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Nogueira, Lubachevsky, et al., 2005
Nogueira, M.C.L.; Lubachevsky, G.; Rankin, S.A.,
A study of the volatile composition of Minas cheese,
Lebensm. Wiss. Technol., 2005, 38, 5, 555-563, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2004.07.019
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López, Ezpeleta, et al., 2004
López, R.; Ezpeleta, E.; Sánchez, I.; Cacho, J.; Ferreira, V.,
Analysis of the aroma intensities of volatile compounds released from mild acid hydrolysates of odourless precursors extracted from Tempranillo and Grenache grapes using gas chromatography-olfactometry,
Food Chem., 2004, 88, 1, 95-103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.01.025
. [all data]
Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004
Soria, A.C.; Gonzalez, M.; de Lorenzo, C.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanza, J.,
Characterization of artisanal honeys from Madrid (Central Spain) on the basis of their melissopalynological, physicochemical and volatile composition data,
Food Chem., 2004, 85, 1, 121-130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.06.012
. [all data]
Lee and Noble, 2003
Lee, S.-J.; Noble, A.C.,
Characterization of odor-active compounds in Californian Chardonnay wines using GC-olfactometry and GC-mass spectrometry,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 27, 8036-8044, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034747v
. [all data]
Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003
Tanaka, T.; Yamauchi, T.; Katsumata, R.; Kiuchi, K.,
Comparison of volatile components in commercial Itohiki-Natto by solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography,
Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi, 2003, 50, 6, 278-285, https://doi.org/10.3136/nskkk.50.278
. [all data]
Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003
Vichi, S.; Castellote, A.I.; Pizzale, L.; Conte, L.S.; Buxaderas, S.; López-Tamames, E.,
Analysis of virgin olive oil volatile compounds by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometric and flame ionization detection,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 983, 1-2, 19-33, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01691-6
. [all data]
Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003
Vichi, S.; Pizzale, L.; Conte, L.S.; Buxaderas, S.; López-Tamames, E.,
Solid-phase microextraction in the analysis of virgin olive oil volatile fraction: modifications induced by oxidation and suitable markers of oxidative status,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 22, 6564-6571, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030268k
. [all data]
Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003, 2
Vichi, S.; Pizzale, L.; Conte, L.S.; Buxaderas, S.; López-Tamames, E.,
Solid-phase microextraction in the analysis of virgin olive oil volatile fraction: characterization of virgin olive oils from two distinct geographical areas of Northern Italy,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 22, 6572-6577, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030269c
. [all data]
Fu, Yoon, et al., 2002
Fu, S.-G.; Yoon, Y.; Basemore, R.,
Aroma-actie components in fermented bamboo shoots,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 3, 549-554, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010883t
. [all data]
Lecanu, Ducruet, et al., 2002
Lecanu, L.; Ducruet, V.; Jouquand, C.; Gratadoux, J.J.; Feigenbaum, A.,
Optimization of headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the odor analysis of surface-ripened cheese,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 13, 3810-3817, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0117107
. [all data]
Qian and Reineccius, 2002
Qian, M.; Reineccius, G.,
Identification of aroma compounds in Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese by gas chromatography/olfactometry,
J. Dairy Sci., 2002, 85, 6, 1362-1369, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74202-1
. [all data]
Wei, Mura, et al., 2001
Wei, A.; Mura, K.; Shibamoto, T.,
Antioxidative activity of volatile chemicals extracted from beer,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 8, 4097-4101, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010325e
. [all data]
Buttery, Orts, et al., 1999
Buttery, R.G.; Orts, W.J.; Takeoka, G.R.; Nam, Y.,
Volatile flavor components of rice cakes,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47, 10, 4353-4356, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf990140w
. [all data]
Buttery and Ling, 1998
Buttery, R.G.; Ling, L.C.,
Additional studies on flavor components of corn tortilla chips,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 7, 2764-2769, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980125b
. [all data]
Parada and Duque, 1998
Parada, F.; Duque, C.,
Studies on the aroma of piñuela fruit pulp (Bromelia plumieri): Free and bound volatile composition and characterization of some glucoconjugates as aroma precursors,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1998, 21, 10, 577-581, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4168(19981001)21:10<577::AID-JHRC577>3.0.CO;2-V
. [all data]
Petersen, Poll, et al., 1998
Petersen, M.A.; Poll, L.; Larsen, L.M.,
Comparison of volatiles in raw and boiled potatoes using a mild extraction technique combined with GC odour profiling and GC-MS,
Food Chem., 1998, 61, 4, 461-466, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(97)00119-2
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Sekiwa, Kubota, et al., 1997
Sekiwa, Y.; Kubota, K.; Kobayashi, A.,
Characteristic flavor components in the brew of cooked clam (Meretrix lusoria) and the effect of storage on flavor formation,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 3, 826-830, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960433e
. [all data]
Wada and Shibamoto, 1997
Wada, K.; Shibamoto, T.,
Isolation and identification of volatile compounds from a wine using solid phase extraction, gas chromatography, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 11, 4362-4366, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970157j
. [all data]
Christensen and Reineccius, 1995
Christensen, K.R.; Reineccius, G.A.,
Aroma extract dilution analysis of aged cheddar cheese,
J. Food Sci., 1995, 60, 2, 218-220, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1995.tb05641.x
. [all data]
Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995
Umano, K.; Hagi, Y.; Nakahara, K.; Shyoji, A.; Shibamoto, T.,
Volatile chemicals formed in the headspace of a heated D-glucose/L-cysteine Maillard model system,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 8, 2212-2218, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00056a046
. [all data]
Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993
Kawakami, M.; Kobayashi, A.; Kator, K.,
Volatile constituents of Rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis) as affected by extraction process,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 4, 633-636, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00028a023
. [all data]
Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992
Hatsuko, S.; Kazuko, H.; Masayoshi, K.; Yoshiaki, I.,
Improvement of quality of likorine extract by heat treatment,
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Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1992
Vernin, G.; Metzger, J.; Boniface, C.; Murello, M.-H.; Siouffi, A.; Larice, J.-L.; Parkanyi, C.,
Kinetics and thermal degradation of the fructose-methionine Amadori intermediates. GC-MS/SPECMA data bank identification of volatile aroma compounds,
Carbohyd. Res., 1992, 230, 1, 15-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6215(00)90510-X
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Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991
Kawakami, M.; Kobayashi, A.,
Volatitle constituents of greem mate and roasted mate,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 7, 1275-1279, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00007a016
. [all data]
Hsieh, Williams, et al., 1989
Hsieh, T.C.Y.; Williams, S.S.; Vejaphan, W.; Meyers, S.P.,
Characterization of Volatile Components of Menhaden Fish (Brevoortia tyrannus) Oil,
J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc., 1989, 66, 1, 114-117, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02661797
. [all data]
Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1988
Vernin, G.; Metzger, J.; Obretenov, T.; Suon, K.-N.; Fraisse, D.,
GC/MS (EI,PCI,SIM)-data bank analysis of volatile compounds arising from thermal degradation of glucose-valine amadori intermediates
in Flavors and Fragrances: A World Perspective. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Essential Oils, Fragrances and Flavors, Lawrence,B.M.; Mookherjee,B.D.; Willis,B.J., ed(s)., Elsevier, New York, 1988, 999-1028. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tend Final temperature Tstart Initial temperature - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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